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基于MSAVI-WI特征空间的新疆渭干河-库车河流域绿洲土壤盐渍化研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
土壤盐渍化是造成干旱区土地荒漠化及生态恶化的重要原因,及时获取大尺度高精度土壤盐渍信息是防治工作的基础。选取新疆塔里木盆地北缘渭干河—库车河流域三角洲绿洲为研究区,利用Lansat-TM数据与野外实测数据分析盐渍化土壤与修改型土壤调整植被指数(MSAVI)、湿度指数(WI)之间的关系,在此基础上提出了MSAVI-WI特征空间概念,构建了土壤盐渍化遥感监测指数模型(MWI)。结果表明:MWI与土壤表层含盐量相关性较高,其相关性为0.844,精度高于土壤盐渍监测常用的盐分指数与实测数据的相关性。MWI能较好的反映盐渍化土壤地表植被及土壤水分的组合变化,具有明确的生物物理意义,并且特征参量简单,理论上易于理解,实践上易于实现,MWI模型的构建有利于干旱区大尺度土壤盐渍化定量监测与评价工作的开展。 相似文献
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通过定义一个能客观定量描述大气环流四维时空变化的风向改变指数WI,用以研究大气环流的时空演变规律和季节转换。在对纬向平均的WI做了经验正交函数(EOF)分析后,得到了其前四个模态。第一模态揭示的是全年平均的WI空间分布的基态。第二模态反映的是WI场的偏差中呈现准调和变化的部分,热带、副热带、温寒带季风区在该模态中均有明显体现。第三模态反映的是WI场的偏差中呈现非调和变化的部分,该部分揭示了因南北半球海陆分布的差异和因大气、海洋流体的非线性效应,其所造成的从春到秋与从秋到春的季节变化的不对称性以及平流层的二月突变现象。第四模态反映的是全球各层盛行风反向区域从春到夏的北进和从夏到秋南撤的现象。 相似文献
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Mark Anglin Harris 《Environmental Geology》2009,56(8):1517-1522
Several years (7) after incidental lithification by added gypsum, the effect of crushing and phyto-organics on some physical
properties of red mud wastes (RMW) was examined under laboratory conditions. It was hypothesized that mechanically breaking
up the hardened masses would increase their permeability. However, on the contrary, crushing these rock-hard masses into <2-mm
particles did not increase permeability. A phyto-organic treatment on the other hand greatly improved permeability of the
crushed entities such that infiltration rates increased from 0 to 10 cm/h. After 24 weeks of incubation, the structure of
the newly formed phyto-organically treated gypsum-hardened RMW aggregates was also substantially improved over that of the
controls, as a >3-fold increase in resistance to disintegration during wet sieving was exhibited by the phyto-organically
treated samples. The increase in water infiltration by combining crushing with phyto-organic applications was ascribed to
a decrease in particle dispersion, creating more stable clay clusters, which in turn stabilized channels and pores. Conversely,
it was concluded that the singular crushing of gypsum-hardened bauxite waste in the waste dumps is potentially wasteful and
ineffective. 相似文献
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In this paper, a Wind Direction Change Index (WI), which can describe four-dimensional spatiotemporal changes of the atmospheric circulation objectively and quantitatively, is defined to study its evolution and seasonal variation. The first four modes can be obtained by EOF expansion of the zonally averaged WI. The first mode reveals the basic spatial distribution of the annually averaged WI. The second mode reflects the quasi-harmonic parts of the WI deviations. Tropical, subtropical and extratropical monsoon areas can be clearly reflected by this mode. The third mode reflects the non-harmonic parts of the WI deviations. It shows the so-called February reverse in stratospheric atmosphere as well as the asymmetric seasonal changes from spring to fall and from fall to spring due to both the land-sea distribution contrast between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres and the nonlinear effect of atmospheric and ocean fluids. The fourth mode reveals the northward advancing of the global reversed wind fields from spring to summer and their southward withdrawal from summer to autumn. 相似文献
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为加深对台风外围发生的强对流天气的认识，提高对华南地区强对流天气潜势预报和预警的能力，利用广东中尺度天气监测网的多普勒雷达、自动站资料和NCAR／NCEP的再分析资料等对2004年8月发生在台风云娜外围一次强对流天气的天气形势背景、水汽、CAPE、SI、WI、垂直速度和海风辐合等进行了综合分析。结果表明：华南前期受副热带高压和云娜外围下沉气流作用，地面连续高温，使低层大气内能不断积蓄；台风云娜向西北移动的过程中，华南上空的副热带高压和下沉气流减弱，在其外围弱低压槽、海风辐合和干线共同作用下触发了强对流；台风外围的稳定度具有明显的波动性，强对流在台风外围螺旋云带末端的高温、不稳定和相对高湿舌发生；风指数WI用于华南地区雷雨大风预报比其它指数更有效。 相似文献
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李杰 《CT理论与应用研究》1998,7(2):20-21
目的：对Ｔ２加权低信号产生机理及临床诊断价值进行探讨。方法：应用ｐｈｉｌｉｐｓ １．０Ｔ磁共振成像仪,采用ＴＲ１８００－２０００ｍｓ／ＴＥ８０－１５０ｍｓ获取Ｔ２加权像。结果：３０例急性出血;６０例慢性出血;２例黑色素瘤;１０例肝硬化结节;视网膜母细胞瘤５例,其它１５例,结论：Ｔ２加权低信号对疾病的诊断及鉴别诊断具有重要意义。 相似文献
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玉米冠层FPAR的高光谱遥感估算研究——基于PCA方法及近、短波红外波段 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
光合有效辐射分量(Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation,FPAR)是进行生态系统功能和全球变化
研究的重要参数,准确估算FPAR具有重要的意义。通过对野外实测玉米高光谱数据和光合有效辐射数据的分析,探讨了主成分分析
方法在高光谱信息提取及其估算玉米冠层FPAR参数的可行性,在此基础上,结合植被指数验证FPAR估算效果,分析近红外及短波红
外高光谱数据在FPAR估算方面的应用潜力。 相似文献
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