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1.
毛细管气相色谱法测定矿坑水中的苯系物   总被引:9,自引:2,他引:7       下载免费PDF全文
刘菲  王艳玲 《地球科学》2000,25(5):529-531
以国家标准方法和EPA方法为基础, 进行了矿坑排水中苯系物的测定.在测定过程中进行了质量保证和质量控制实验, 用外标法定量.在水样测定的同时对用自动顶空进样器和吹扫捕集浓缩仪两种进样方式测定矿坑排水中苯系物的方法进行了比较, 对进样方式和影响测定的因素进行了讨论.结果表明, 自动顶空进样器的回收率为108.5 8%~116.38%, 方法检出限为5.00~10.00 μg/L; 吹扫捕集浓缩仪的回收率为94.87%~105.6 3%, 方法检出限为0.25~0.50 μg/L.   相似文献   
2.
Six North American bituminous coals (four Carboniferous and two Cretaceous) and eight maceral concentrates from Carboniferous British seams have been heated with tetralin and hydrogen to 400°C. The hexane-soluble parts of the products were separated by column chromatography and the fractions were then analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In all cases the aromatic hydrocarbon fraction was a very complex mixture containing a number of alkylated biphenyls, diphenylmethanes and -ethanes, and polycyclic compounds. However single ioncchromatography (m/z = 142) showed that, in addition to these, the products from five of the six American coals contained homologous series of long chain n-alkylnapththalenes with alkyl groups extending to C16. In other fractions from the American coals, homologous series of n-alkylfurans and alkylphenols were found to be major components, as also were many alkylcyclohexenones related to isophorone. Extensive homologous series of n-alkyl aromatics were not detected in products from any of six vitrinites from British seams, though series of n- and iso-alkylphenols were found in the products from two sporinite concentrates. A number of polycyclic ketones apparently related to sterols were found in the products from the British vitrinites but not from any American coals. Reasons for what appear to be systematic structural differences between the American and British coals are discussed. Differences in stratigraphy are noted and it seems not impossible that differences in source vegetation are significant.  相似文献   
3.
Two hydrogen-rich lithobodies of highly alipathic character from a coal occurring in southwest Utah, have been studied. Bituminite (>50%), vitrinite (25–30%) and liptodetrinite (7–12%) are the principal macerals. The hexane-soluble products of hydrogenating the lithotypes at 400° with tetralin and hydrogen have been analyzed by GC-MS. Products identified include homologous series of alkylated naphthalenes, phenols, furans, cyclohexenones and hydroxy-pyridines. In the case of furans, the alkyl groups extend beyond C30. Materials released by Soxhlet extraction with pyridine consist chiefly of homologous series of fatty acids and their methyl esters and of methyl alkyl ketones, which were not found in the hydrogenation products. The long alkyl chains in these substances can account for about 75% of the alkanes found in the hydrogenation products but not in the extracts. Most of the compounds mentioned in the foregoing are thought to be physically held or trapped in the coal, rather than chemically combined in its macromolecular network. Except for the fatty acids, the origins of these substances are difficult to identify.  相似文献   
4.
利用气相色谱-质谱仪/火焰离子检测器(Online-GC-MS/FID)对2017年冬季山东德州大气中99种挥发性有机物(VOCs)进行连续测量,研究了VOCs浓度和组分特征、日变化趋势、来源及其对臭氧(O3)、二次有机气溶胶(SOA)生成的贡献.结果表明,德州大气VOCs平均体积分数为(47.74±33.11)×10-9,烷烃占比最大,为40.66%.总VOCs及其组分表现出早晚体积分数高、中午体积分数低的日变化规律.德州大气中丙烷、丙烯、苯及甲苯和二氯甲烷分别受到液化石油气挥发、生物质燃烧、机动车排放和溶剂使用等人为源的影响.反向轨迹模型分析发现,北方内陆气团对德州VOCs体积分数具有一定贡献.烷烃、烯烃、芳香烃的臭氧生成潜势分别为(34.87±33.60)、(120.48±118.76)和(59.77±94.14)μg/m3,乙烯、丙烯、甲苯和间/对二甲苯的贡献较大.芳香烃氧化主导了SOA生成,其贡献率为93.7%,甲苯、间/对二甲苯、苯对SOA生成的贡献最大.为解决大气复合污染问题、实现臭氧和PM2.5协同控制,德州应重点控制甲苯、间/对二甲苯等芳香烃的排放.  相似文献   
5.
Previous studies have shown that the ascending, oxidizing brines play a very important role in Kupferschiefer mineralization. Fractures could be the pathway of the brines. In order to clarify the influences of the brines on bulk organic matter, aromatic hydrocarbons and Kupferschiefer mineralization, one veinlet Kupferschiefer profile from the Lubin mine, southwestern Poland was studied with the microscopic, geochemical and Rock-Eval methods. The microscopic results indicate that organic matter of the veinlet sample consists dominantly of bitumen. Its extract content is higher than in other samples. The dominant aromatic compounds are naphthalene and alkylated naphthalenes (Na-PAH), which have migrated into the veinlet sample from other sediments. The content of phenanthrene and its methylated derivatives (Ph-PAH) is much lower than in other samples. The reason may be due to their heavier mass than Na-PAH. It is more difficult for Ph-PAH to migrate. The Na-PAH was probably removed from the shale by dist  相似文献   
6.
不同沉积环境湖相低熟原油的芳烃分布特征   总被引:18,自引:4,他引:14  
研究表明,不同沉积环境湖相的低熟原油芳烃生物标志物分布具有较大的差异。淡水湖相低熟原油芳烃以萘和菲系列化合物为主要组份、膏岩盐湖相低熟原油芳烃以脱羟基维生素E和三芳甾烷为主要组份、盐岩湖相低熟原油芳烃则以三芳甾烷为主要组份、其它生物标志化合物组份的相对丰度均较低。本次研究的低熟原油芳烃中普遍检测出明显的苯并藿烷系列化合物、盐湖相低熟原油芳烃中还检测出藿烷酮化合物,表明该地区古环境中细菌、微生物发育  相似文献   
7.
8.
兰州市大气总悬浮颗粒物中有机污染物分布特征及来源   总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7  
曾凡刚  彭林等 《岩矿测试》2002,21(2):125-128
对兰州市区、郊区大气颗粒物、汽车尾气及烟尘样品中的饱和烃和芳香烃进行了色谱-质谱检测,较为系统地对兰州市大气有机污染物来源做了定量、半定量研究。结果表明,兰州市大气有机污染物主要来源于人为因素,小部分为自然因素。人为污染源是复杂(包括工业生产、汽车尾气和燃煤等的排放)且严重的,应引起足够重视。  相似文献   
9.
合采油井产量贡献液相色谱监测法   总被引:11,自引:2,他引:9  
合采油井各生产层段产量贡献是生产管理中的重要参数,现有测试该参数的技术都存在着成本高、精度低等缺陷。根据不同油层芳香烃分布规律,以及反相液相色谱对芳香化合物良好的分离效果,紫外、荧光检测器对芳香化合物检测的高度选择性和灵敏性,建立了合采油进产量贡献芳香烃液相色谱监测技术。实际监测结果与单层采没实践、试油产量和单抽作业结果相符。  相似文献   
10.
芳基类异戊二烯生标在指相上的应用   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
李振西 《沉积学报》1998,16(2):9-13
芳基类异戊二烯化合物被认为是高盐和强还原沉积环境中沉积有机质芳烃馏分中的特征性生物标志物。本文在对采自我国三个典型陆相油气盆地的33个原油和生油岩样品芳烃馏分中的生物标志化合物进行了详细研究的基础上,着重讨论了鄂尔多斯盆地中生界-原油样品中芳基类异戊二烯系列化合物的检出及其在指相上的地球化学意义,指出该系列化合物还可指示微咸水和还原的沉积环境。  相似文献   
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