Structure-from-motion photogrammetry analysis of historical aerial photography: Determining beach volumetric change over decadal scales     

Rafael C. Carvalho  David M. Kennedy  Yakufu Niyazi  Chloe Leach  Teresa M. Konlechner  Daniel Ierodiaconou 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2020,45(11):2540-2555

Historical aerial photographs are an invaluable tool in shoreline mapping and change detection in coastal landscapes. We evaluate the extent to which structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetric methods can be applied to quantify volumetric changes along sandy beaches, using archival imagery. We demonstrate the application of SfM-derived digital surface models (DSMs) at East Beach and Lady Bay in southwest Victoria, Australia, using photographic datasets taken in 1969, 1977 and 1986, and compare them to LiDAR-derived DSMs acquired at both sites in 2007. The SfM approaches resulted in two entire and two partial suitable DSMs out of six datasets. Good-quality DSMs were spatially continuous with a good spread of ground control points (GCPs) near the beach at Lady Bay, whereas unsuitable DSMs were mostly restricted by poor distribution and number of GCPs in spatially segmented areas of East Beach, due to limited overlapping of images, possible poor quality of GCPs and also the propagation of errors in the derived point clouds. A volume of approximately 223 000 ± 72 000 m³ was deposited at Lady Bay between 1969 and 2007, despite minimal erosion observed near the breakwater. The partially suitable dataset of East Beach indicated that beach erosion of at least 39 m³ m⁻¹ occurred immediately to the east of the seawall after 1977. We also discuss the drawbacks and strengths of SfM approaches as a benchmark of historical erosion assessments along sandy beaches. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

由下扬子区海陆对比分析南黄海盆地下志留统烃源岩特征及其主控因素     

蔡来星  肖国林  郭兴伟  王蛟  吴志强  李宝刚 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2019,49(1):39-52

针对南黄海盆地海相油气勘探的重大需求，在收集、整理下扬子苏、浙、皖地区地质和地化资料的基础上，依托科学钻探CSDP-2井岩心，系统对比了南黄海盆地与下扬子陆区早志留世古地理背景和沉积充填特征，进而利用一系列地化测试数据总结了南黄海盆地下志留统烃源岩特征并探讨其主控因素。研究结果表明：南黄海盆地大陆架科学钻探CSDP-2井目前已钻遇了坟头组和高家边组上部两套丰度很低的厚层、暗色（粉砂质）泥岩，其有机质类型主要为Ⅱ₂型，热演化程度已整体进入过成熟阶段；受控于全球海侵事件和扬子板块构造活动的发展阶段，早志留世初期深水陆棚环境逐渐向后期的浅水陆棚环境演变，加之早期较高的初级生产力和良好的保存条件，使得下扬子区高家边组下部烃源岩的品质明显高于上部，并以底部黑色笔石页岩段有机质丰度最高。因此，南黄海盆地高家边组底部理应存在一套优质烃源岩层，可作为下一步页岩气勘探的重点层位。  相似文献   

Analysis and Comparison for Fusion Algorithms of Time Transfer     

WANG Wei-xiong  DONG Shao-wu  WU Wen-jun  GUO Dong  ZHANG Jian 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2021,45(2):224-235

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不同空间尺度的山洪灾害风险评价模型对比研究          下载免费PDF全文

田丰  张军  冉有华  刘金鹏  周翼 《干旱区地理》2019,42(3):559-569

以山洪灾害风险评价的多准则决策模型、最大熵模型、信息量模型三种常见模型为研究对象，选取河西走廊和张掖市为地理区划（大中）、市域（小）空间尺度研究区，构建山洪灾害风险评价指标体系，分别完成基于三种模型的两种空间尺度的山洪灾害风险评价制图，基于甘肃省地质灾害调查与区划报告数据从模型验证、空间自相关、精度对比和尺度效应等角度对比分析三个模型应用于不同空间尺度的适应性，并给出优选模型。结果表明：最大熵模型是河西走廊（地理区划）空间尺度上山洪灾害风险评价的优选模型；多准则决策模型不适用于张掖市（市域）空间尺度评价，且三个模型运行结果均没有河西走廊（地理区划）空间尺度上表现良好；三个模型的尺度效应明显，在地理区划空间尺度上应用较良好，缩小至市域空间尺度上模拟结果误差增大；不同空间尺度上，最大熵模型均优于多准则决策模型和信息量模型，适用于地理区划（大中）、市域（小）空间尺度的山洪灾害风险评价。  相似文献   

风云三号C星SEM高能粒子数据检验及应用     

李嘉巍  黄聪  于超  张贤国  王春琴  张效信  曹光伟  孙越强 《遥感学报》2018,22(1):76-86

风云三号C星(FY-3C卫星)空间环境监测器(SEM)可监测轨道高度上的高能带电粒子(质子、电子和重离子)辐射环境及其引起的辐射剂量和表面充电等空间天气效应,是空间天气监测预警业务不可或缺的自主数据源之一。为验证FY-3C卫星高能粒子探测数据的有效性,需开展数据的定量检验工作。本文采用与同类卫星同类数据进行交叉比对的方式来进行检验。首先,根据一定的假设条件,对比对数据进行归一化处理,尽量消除不同卫星间观测时间、空间(星下点经、纬度和高度)、方向和能量范围等差异对高能粒子分布的影响,然后进行比对,最后计算比对数据间的相关系数、斜率和标准偏差等统计参数,并据此评价比对数据的一致性。通过空间天气平静期高能质子和高能电子与NOAA-18和FY-3B卫星数据的交叉比对可以看出,FY-3C卫星高能粒子数据与比对卫星数据具有较好的一致性。由于工作原理和技术指标相同,FY-3C与FY-3B卫星高能粒子数据的一致性更好,也证明了载荷技术状态的稳定性。通过对太阳质子事件和高能电子暴的观测实例证明,FY-3C卫星高能粒子数据能够准确地反映空间天气扰动事件的特征和强度。以上结果表明,FY-3C卫星高能粒子数据可信度较高,能够用于空间天气监测、预警以及研究工作。  相似文献   

A comparative analysis of the NDVIg and NDVI3g in monitoring vegetation phenology changes in the Northern Hemisphere     

Qing Chang  Wenzhe Jiao  Fengmei Yao 《国际地球制图》2018,33(1):1-20

Phenology is a sensitive and critical feature of vegetation and is a good indicator for climate change studies. The global inventory modelling and mapping studies (GIMMS) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) has been the most widely used data source for monitoring of the vegetation dynamics over large geographical areas in the past two decades. With the release of the third version of the NDVI (GIMMS NDVI3g) recently, it is important to compare the NDVI3g data with those of the previous version (NDVIg) to link existing studies with future applications of the NDVI3g in monitoring vegetation phenology. In this study, the three most popular satellite start of vegetation growing season (SOS) extraction methods were used, and the differences between SOSg and SOS3g arising from the methods were explored. The amplitude and the peak values of the NDVI3g are higher than those of the NDVIg curve, which indicated that the SOS derived from the NDVIg (SOSg) was significantly later than that derived from the NDVI3g (SOS3g) based on all the methods, for the whole northern hemisphere. In addition, SOSg and SOS3g both showed an advancing trend during 1982–2006, but that trend was more significant with SOSg than with SOS3g in the results from all three methods. In summary, the difference between SOSg and SOS3g (in the multi-year mean SOS, SOS change slope and the turning point in the time series) varied among the methods and was partly related to latitude. For the multi-year mean SOS, the difference increased with latitude intervals in the low latitudes (0–30°N) and decreased in the mid- and high-latitude intervals. The GIMMS NDVI3g data-sets seemed more sensitive than the GIMMS NDVIg in detecting information about the ground, and the SOS3g data were better correlated both with the in situ observations and the SOS derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer NDVI. For the northern hemisphere, previous satellite measures (SOS derived from GIMMS NDVIg) may have overestimated the advancing trend of the SOS by an average of 0.032 d yr^–1.  相似文献   

中国-日本绝对重力仪器测量比对结果   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

孙和平  张为民  王勇  竹本修三  福田洋一 《测绘科学》2006,31(6):33-34,51

本文给出了中科院测地所FG5-112和日本京都大学FG5-201及日本国土地理院FG5-104等几台绝对重力仪在武汉九峰和香港天文台绝对重力测量比对结果。分析说明不同仪器间具有良好的一致性,其中FG5-112与FG5-104结果间的互差达8×10-8m/s2;FG5-112与FG5-201和FG5-104等的观测互差小于2×10-8m/s2。这种比对观测,可为深入了解仪器性能和精确测定不同台站重力非潮汐变化提供可靠参考。  相似文献   

矿用钻孔超声流量自适应检测技术     

代晨昱  赵朋朋  徐晶 《煤田地质与勘探》2022,50(1):59-65

为了更好地实现煤矿井下瓦斯抽采钻孔端流量监测,针对管路内介质成分复杂、纯净度差、稳定性差等因素对抽采流量参数测量准确性影响的问题,提出以时差法为测量原理,以双阈值比较法为检测方法,设计了一套矿用钻孔超声流量自适应检测系统。通过分析影响双阈值比较法测量准确性的关键问题出发,设计了检测系统的总体方案,并对其中激励信号放大电路、接收信号调理电路及由峰值检波电路与增益控制电路构成的自适应电路几项关键模块进行了详细地介绍,叙述了检测系统运行软件的工作流程。通过工况环境适应能力测试与准确度性能检验,对检测系统的功能与性能进行了检验,检验结果表明,该系统能够适应瓦斯抽采钻孔管路内的工况需求,实现高精度的气体流量测量。   相似文献   

形变监测高分辨率InSAR数据的精度分析     

杨卓群  于军 《江苏地质》2022,46(2):207-213

收集江苏高分辨率InSAR地面沉降监测结果及兴化、淮安同期水准测量资料和基岩标同期监测资料,利用79个水准点测量数据、7个基岩标（分别选取不同时段）测量数据共98个数据样本,将InSAR技术与水准测量及基岩标测量技术的监测结果进行对比发现,监测结果一致性率为86.73%,平均差值为2.08 mm,标准差为2.50 mm,最大差值为18.64 mm,表明InSAR可进行半定量形变监测,但在高层建筑、排水管线、大坝、桥梁等需高精度形变监测的工程方面仍不能替代水准测量。  相似文献   

夏季亚洲阻塞高压识别及其对中国东北气候异常的可能影响:不同再分析资料对比          下载免费PDF全文

刘刚  徐士琦  廉毅 《气象学报》2019,77(2):303-314

基于阻塞高压（阻高）客观识别方法,利用1979-2016年夏季（6-8月）NCEP-Ⅰ、NCEP-Ⅱ逐日再分析资料和ERA-interim逐6 h再分析资料对识别结果进行对比分析;并以D类（130°-160°E）阻高为例,讨论其对6月中国东北地区气候的可能影响。结果表明:NCEP-Ⅰ和NCEP-Ⅱ再分析资料对阻高活动天数、发生频次及年代际变化的识别结果差异较小,而ERA-interim与前两种资料的结果差别较大。3种再分析资料下,夏季各类阻高活动天数均与500 hPa高度场存在相应的显著相关区,且形态相近。但前两种资料对于各类阻高的表征结果较为一致,而ERA-interim再分析资料对各类阻高面积和范围的表征偏小。6月D类阻高活动日数与东北地区气温和降水关系密切,D类阻高活跃年,大气环流以经向型为主,东北地区低层低温、暖平流,高层高温、冷平流的结构指示大气层结不稳定,且东北上空为异常低压环流控制,上升气流较强,有利于6月东北地区出现低温多雨天气。鄂霍次克海地区是6月罗斯贝波的重要来源地之一,而6月D类阻高的形成可能与海-陆温差有关。   相似文献