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1.
Antarctic polynyas play an important role in regional atmosphere?ice?ocean interactions and are considered to help generate the global deep ocean conveyer belt.Polynyas therefore have a potential impact on the Earth’s climate in terms of the production of sea ice and high-salinity shelf water.In this study,we investigated the relationship between the area of the Terra Nova Bay polynya and the air temperature as well as the eastward and northward wind based on the ERA5 and ERAInterim reanalysis datasets and observations from automatic weather stations during the polar night.We examined the correlation between each factor and the polynya area under different temperature conditions.Previous studies have focused more on the effect of winds on the polynya,but the relationship between air temperature and the polynya area has not been fully investigated.Our study shows,eliminating the influence of winds,lower air temperature has a stronger positive correlation with the polynya area.The results show that the relationship between the polynya area and air temperature is more likely to be interactively influenced.As temperature drops,the relationship of the polynya area with air temperature becomes closer with increasing correlation coefficients.In the low temperature conditions,the correlation coefficients of the polynya area with air temperature are above 0.5,larger than that with the wind speed.  相似文献   
2.
敦煌-格尔木铁路沿线地形复杂、起沙因素多变、沙源丰富,沙害问题日益严重。目前对其风沙活动规律还未有研究,不利于防沙工作的开展。为此,通过对自北向南的5个观测点(S1、S2、S3、S4、S5)风速和风向的观测、计算和分析,利用平均风速、起沙风况及输沙势对敦格铁路沿线的风动力环境特征进行研究。结果表明:S5、S4和S3的风况对铁路风沙灾害防治意义较大。S5年平均风速、起沙风频率和输沙势最大,春季风沙活动最为强烈,且风向单一、风力强劲,风沙运动方向基本与铁路垂直,沙粒易在铁路附近堆积。S4夏季风沙活动最为强烈;S3春季风沙活动最为强烈,且风向单一,S4和S3的风沙运动方向与铁路夹角小于90°,附近沙源广阔,铁路易受风沙侵蚀,阻碍交通运营。  相似文献   
3.
热带气旋(TC)登陆时中心最大风速会发生明显衰减,研究此时的风压关系对风暴潮模拟和预测具有重要意义。采用中国气象局上海台风研究所数据资料,对1949—2016年风压关系序列的一致性进行检验,登陆风压关系公式拟合及误差分析。结果表明:1970s后风压关系发生变异;新公式在计算登陆风速时要优于原公式,尤其是大风速情况下;相同气压下台风在近岸时风速明显小于大洋中,且登陆时风速越大衰减越剧烈。  相似文献   
4.
基于正交匹配追踪的声层析方法   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
声速剖面的变化会对声传播产生较大的影响,经验正交函数模型经常用来实现对声速剖面数据的简化描述。然而在内波、湍流等海水不均匀性存在时,这种正则化操作会造成声速重构精度的大幅降低。本文利用字典学习生成声速剖面的非正交原子,在稀疏编码时采用正交匹配追踪(OMP,Orthogonal Matching Pursuit)算法,更新字典则使用KSVD (Kernel Singular Value Decomposition)的字典更新算法。由于字典学习不需要强制使用正交条件,对于训练数据更加灵活,从而可以使用少数的原子组合达到更高的重构精度。利用一次浅海声学实验多次测量的声速剖面研究了海水声速剖面的经验正交函数表示和字典学习,研究表明:相比于正交函数表示,学习字典可以利用少数原子(甚至一个原子)更好的解释声速剖面扰动。字典学习可以提高声速剖面的稀疏性,从而提高声速剖面的反演精度。  相似文献   
5.
The monitoring of turbidity currents enables accurate internal structure and timing of these flows to be understood. Without monitoring, triggers of turbidity currents often remain hypothetical and are inferred from sedimentary structures of deposits and their age. In this study, the bottom currents within 20 m of the seabed in one of the Pointe-des-Monts (Gulf of St. Lawrence, eastern Canada) submarine canyons were monitored for two consecutive years using Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers. In addition, multibeam bathymetric surveys were carried out during deployment of the Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers and recovery operations. These new surveys, along with previous multibeam surveys carried out over the last decade, revealed that crescentic bedforms have migrated upslope by about 20 to 40 m since 2007, despite the limited supply of sediment on the shelf or river inflow in the region. During the winter of 2017, two turbidity currents with velocities reaching 0·5 m sec−1 and 2·0 m sec−1, respectively, were recorded and were responsible for the rapid (<1 min) upstream migration of crescentic bedforms measured between the autumn surveys of 2016 and 2017. The 200 kg (in water) mooring was also displaced 10 m down-canyon, up the stoss side of a bedform, suggesting that a dense basal layer could be driving the flow during the first minute of the event. Two other weaker turbidity currents with speeds <0·5 m sec−1 occurred, but did not lead to any significant change on the seabed. These four turbidity currents coincided with strong and sustained wind speed >60 km h−1 and higher than normal wave heights. Repeat seabed mapping suggests that the turbidity currents cannot be attributed to a canyon-wall slope failure. Rather, sustained windstorms triggered turbidity currents either by remobilizing limited volumes of sediment on the shelf or by resuspending sediment in the canyon head. Turbidity currents can thus be triggered when the sediment volume available is limited, likely by eroding and incorporating canyon thalweg sediment in the flow, thereby igniting the flow. This process appears to be particularly important for the generation of turbidity currents capable of eroding the lee side of upslope migrating bedforms in sediment-starved environments and might have wider implications for the activity of submarine canyons worldwide. In addition, this study suggests that a large external trigger (in this case storms) is required to initiate turbidity currents in sediment-starved environments, which contrasts with supply-dominated environments where turbidity currents are sometimes recorded without a clear triggering mechanism.  相似文献   
6.
红层泥岩是一种典型侏罗系沉积岩,其含有微量黏土矿物,易遇水软化、失水崩解,具有一定膨胀性,是引起兰新高速铁路路基持续上拱变形的一个重要因素,故重新判定该种土体膨胀性对高速铁路无砟轨道设计和施工具有重要意义。为此,选取等效蒙脱石含量、阳离子交换量、自由膨胀率和液限为泥岩膨胀性判别指标,通过兰新高速铁路上拱地段大量钻孔实测资料,提出了泥岩膨胀等级分级标准,采用改进层次分析法、基尼系数法和直觉模糊理论确定了判别指标组合权重,基于逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS法)建立了泥岩膨胀性直觉模糊综合评价模型。结果表明:直觉模糊综合评价模型将泥岩膨胀性进行了定量化,克服了同一试样不同指标属于不同等级判别缺陷;室内膨胀量试验验证了膨胀等级分级标准和直觉模糊综合评价模型对兰新高铁地基泥岩适用性和准确性。研究成果对地基红层泥岩高速铁路路基长期持续上拱变形风险评估和工程控制措施提供技术支撑。  相似文献   
7.
传统距离多普勒算法(RD)较低精度的SAR成像质量越来越不能满足当前实际应用的需要。为解决传统距离多普勒算法成像性能低的问题,本文提出基于分数阶Fourier变换的高性能SAR成像算法(FrFT-RD)。本文详细推导SAR距离向信号运用分数阶Fourier变换时最佳阶数的计算表达式,同时给出方位向相应的计算式。理论分析表明距离(方位)向最佳阶数均取决于SAR成像参数并具有唯一性,无须迭代运算,可极大提高FrFT-RD算法的工程实用性。根据计算得到的距离向和方位向上最优阶数,在分数阶Fourier变换域完成FrFT-RD算法的构建。机载SAR模拟数据和星载SAR实测数据测试表明,FrFT-RD算法在分辨率、峰值旁瓣比(PSLR)成像性能方面比传统RD算法均得到显著提高,其中距离向和方位向分辨率提高比值分别为45.92%和48.06%;距离向PSLR和ISLR降低幅度为1.45 dB和2.59 dB,而FrFT-RD算法在方位向PSLR和ISLR成像性能方面与传统RD算法相当。  相似文献   
8.
基于江苏强震台网和江苏测震台网的地震记录,采用时间域内实时仿真WA记录方法,对2007~2018年记录到的M2.3以上地震进行近震震级测定。为了定量分析基于加速度测定近震震级的可靠性,首先采用国标规定的新震级测定方法和量规函数测定了基于加速度记录的震级,并将结果与江苏测震台网基于速度记录测定的结果进行对比分析,得到线性拟合关系式:ML(ACC)=0.987ML+1.371;另外计算了15 324组基于加速度测定的震级与人工编目震级之间的绝对偏差,结果显示,偏差在±0.5级以内的结果占87%;通过4阶多项式拟合后发现,在小于200 km范围内测定的震级略低于人工编目的结果,震中距超过200 km后无系统偏差。总体而言,两者结果的一致性较好,表明利用加速度记录仿真WA位移记录来计算近震震级是可行的,得到的结果也是可靠的。  相似文献   
9.
LF7-2油田位于我国南海珠江口盆地LF区块,是一个小规模油田,根据前期探井揭示,上部地层以厚层泥岩为主,极易水化、分散,使钻井液性能变差;起下钻过程中钻具遇卡、遇阻等复杂情况频繁发生;钻头选型不尽合理,易泥包;下部地层以砂泥岩互层为主,岩石致密、可钻性变差,钻具扭矩、摩阻增加,定向钻进时滑动困难,井眼轨迹控制难度大,给钻井提速增效带来诸多困难。根据探井地质情况和岩石力学剖面,利用钻井软件优选平台位置,对开发井井身结构、井眼轨迹、钻柱力学、钻井液、固井等方面进行钻井仿真模拟,制定出科学的钻井设计方案,在直井段采用“牙轮钻头+直螺杆+MWD”钻具开展防斜打直,造斜段使用“PDC钻头+弯螺杆+MWD/LWD”开展复合钻井,水平段采用“PDC钻头+PowerDriver+MWD/LWD”开展旋转导向钻井,实现精准化钻井,顺利完成6口开发井施工。现场应用单井平均机械钻速29.43 m/h,钻井工期191.59 d,工期比设计提前28.41 d,钻井提速增效显著,降低开发成本。通过PowerDriver的近钻头井斜、自然伽马实时测量和传输,减少地质误判,实现对储层顶界面的实时探测,使储层钻遇率达100%,收到较好的经济效益和投资回报,实现小油田的效益开发。  相似文献   
10.
This article contributes to a small but growing body of multi-sited and multi-scalar research on the Belt and Road Initiative.We focus on relations at the national,regional and international scales,and present original research from China and Turkey,to show how the Istanbul-Ankara high-speed railway has served as a testing ground for China's Belt and Road Initiative(BRI).Its construction was initially funded by the European Investment Bank,but it is now part of the backbone of the Turkish Government's Middle Corridor plan which enhances west-east connectivity and integration with the Caucasus and Central Asia.We show that in contrast to multinational corporations from the OECD that seek to remain footloose,Chinese state-owned enterprises(SOEs)seek to adapt to,apprehend and ultimately shape local in-stitutions.In the case of Turkey this proved difficult given its institutional alignment with the European Union.Thus,while the railway project was completed successfully by a consortium led by a Chinese SOE,Turkey's dynamic and complex regulatory environment discourages Chinese SOEs in the infrastructure sector.We conclude that the Turkish and Chinese gov-ernments are currently pursuing complementary territorial visions yet their cooperation is project-based and pragmatic.  相似文献   
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