Seismic ground-roll noise attenuation using deep learning     

Harpreet Kaur  Sergey Fomel  Nam Pham 《Geophysical Prospecting》2020,68(7):2064-2077

We propose to adopt a deep learning based framework using generative adversarial networks for ground-roll attenuation in land seismic data. Accounting for the non-stationary properties of seismic data and the associated ground-roll noise, we create training labels using local time–frequency transform and regularized non-stationary regression. The basic idea is to train the network using a few shot gathers such that the network can learn the weights associated with noise attenuation for the training shot gathers. We then apply the learned weights to test ground-roll attenuation on shot gathers, that are not a part of training input to obtain the desired signal. This approach gives results similar to local time–frequency transform and regularized non-stationary regression but at a significantly reduced computational cost. The proposed approach automates the ground-roll attenuation process without requiring any manual input in picking the parameters for each shot gather other than in the training data. Tests on field-data examples verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.  相似文献   

一种移动视频与地理场景的融合方法     

赵维淞  钱建国  汤圣君  王伟玺  李晓明  郭晗 《测绘通报》2020,(12):11-16

快速准确地了解灾害现场状况是救灾过程中的重中之重。通常发生灾害都会使用无人机进行现场勘察，但是无人机视频难以与实际的地理场景关联起来，为此本文提出了一种移动视频与地理场景的融合方法。该方法首先采用具有仿射不变性的ASIFT算法检测特征点，将匹配后的特征点采用RANSAC算法进行迭代剔除噪点，计算视频与地理场景最优的透视变换矩阵模型参数；然后将计算得到的透视变换参数应用到视频数据，恢复视频角点坐标；最后通过内插得出所有视频帧的角点坐标，实现视频与DOM的精确融合。试验结果表明，对视频数据匹配的间隔帧越短，其整体融合精度越高，通过本文方法进行视频与地理场景融合的误差标准差低于10 m。  相似文献   

融合多源数据的三维建模方法及精度分析     

祖立辉 《北京测绘》2020,(3):347-351

以地面相机影像、低空无人机影像和地面三维激光点云数据为融合对象,研究空地影像融合、低空影像融合地面三维激光点云和低空影像融合三维白模进行三维建模的方法,并对其三维建模精度和建模效果进行综合分析。这3种融合方法进行三维建模丰富了三维模型的色彩纹理信息,提高了三维模型的几何结构精度,能满足较大场景的三维实景模型的建模要求,为数字化古建筑(古文物)保护提供具有较高价值的参考数据。  相似文献   

Research on Parallel Algorithms for uv-faceting Imaging     

《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2019,43(3):424-443

The uv-faceting imaging is one of the widely used large field of view imaging technologies, and will be adopted for the data processing of the low-frequency array in the first stage of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA1). Due to the scale of the raw data of SKA1 is unprecedentedly large, the efficiency of data processing directly using the original uv-faceting imaging will be very low. Therefore, a uv-faceting imaging algorithm based on the MPI (Message Passing Interface)+OpenMP (Open Multi-Processing) and a uv-faceting imaging algorithm based on the MPI+CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture) are proposed. The most time-consuming data reading and gridding in the algorithm are optimized in parallel. The verification results show that the results of the proposed two algorithms are basically consistent with that obtained by the current mainstream data processing software CASA (Common Astronomy Software Applications), which indicates that the proposed two algorithms are basically correct. Further analysis of the accuracy and total running time shows that the MPI+CUDA method is better than the MPI+OpenMP method in both the correctness rate and running speed. The performance test results show that the proposed algorithms are effective and have certain extensibility.  相似文献   

Digital mapping of coastal boulders – high-resolution data acquisition to infer past and recent transport dynamics     

Fabian Boesl  Max Engel  Rodrigo C. Eco  JaN B. Galang  Lia A. Gonzalo  Francesca Llanes  Eva Quix  Helmut Brückner 《Sedimentology》2020,67(3):1393-1410

Coastal boulder fields provide clues to long-term frequency-magnitude patterns of coastal flooding events and have the potential to play an important role in coastal hazard assessment. Mapping boulders in the field is time and labour-intensive, and work on intertidal reef platforms, as in the present study, is physically challenging. By addressing coastal scientists who are not specialists in remote sensing, this contribution reports on the possibilities and limitations of digital applications in boulder mapping in Eastern Samar, Philippines, where recent supertyphoons Haiyan and Hagupit induced high waves, coastal flooding and boulder transport. It is demonstrated how satellite imagery of sub-metre resolution (from Pléiades and WorldView-3 imagery) enables efficient analysis of transport vectors and distances of larger boulders, reflecting variation in latitudes of both typhoon tracks and approaching angles of typhoon-generated waves. During the investigated events, boulders with a-axes of up to 8 m were clearly identified to have been shifted for up to 32 m, mostly along the seaward margin of the boulder field. It is, however, hard to keep track of smaller boulders, and the length of a-axes and b-axes including their orientation is often impossible to map with sufficient accuracy. Orthophotographs and digital surface models created through the application of an unmanned aerial vehicle and the ‘Structure from Motion’ technique provide ultra-high-resolution data, and have the potential to not only improve the results of satellite image analysis, but also those from field mapping and may significantly reduce overall time in the field. Orthophotographs permit unequivocal mapping of a-axes and b-axes including their orientation, while precise values for c-axes can be derived from the respective digital surface models. Volume of boulders is best inferred from boulder-specific Structure from Motion-based three-dimensional models. Battery power, flight speed and altitude determine the limits of the area covered, while patches shielded by the boulders are difficult to resolve. For some tasks, field mapping remains mandatory and cannot be replaced by currently available remote sensing tools: for example, sampling for rock type, density and age dating, recording of lithological separation of boulders from the underlying geological unit and of geomorphic features on a millimetre to decimetre-scale, or documentation of fine-grained sediment transport in between the boulders in supratidal settings. In terms of future events, the digital products presented here will provide a valuable reference to track boulder transport on a centimetre to decimetre-scale and to better understand the hydrodynamics of extreme-wave events on a fringing reef coastline.  相似文献   

地磁台站勘选数据处理系统设计     

王莉森  张云昌  殷金平  王江 《地震地磁观测与研究》2020,41(4):217-224

为实现地磁台站场地勘选指标的快速计算和勘选报告的在线保存与查询，提高地磁台站勘选数据处理效率，降低人工处理数据错误率，在现有地磁数据处理软件功能的基础上设计开发地磁台站勘选数据处理系统，以提高勘选的工作效率。  相似文献   

Research note: deblended-data reconstruction using generalized blending and deblending models     

Tomohide Ishiyama  Mohammed Y. Ali  Satoshi Ishikawa  Gerrit Blacquiere  Shotaro Nakayama 《Geophysical Prospecting》2019,67(7):1852-1866

We introduce a concept of generalized blending and deblending, develop its models and accordingly establish a method of deblended-data reconstruction using these models. The generalized models can handle real situations by including random encoding into the generalized operators both in the space and time domain, and both at the source and receiver side. We consider an iterative optimization scheme using a closed-loop approach with the generalized blending and deblending models, in which the former works for the forward modelling and the latter for the inverse modelling in the closed loop. We applied our method to existing real data acquired in Abu Dhabi. The results show that our method succeeded to fully reconstruct deblended data even from the fully generalized, thus quite complicated blended data. We discuss the complexity of blending properties on the deblending performance. In addition, we discuss the applicability to time-lapse seismic monitoring as it ensures high repeatability of the surveys. Conclusively, we should acquire blended data and reconstruct deblended data without serious problems but with the benefit of blended acquisition.  相似文献   

强震动记录H/V谱比法计算处理的若干关键环节     

姚鑫鑫  任叶飞  温瑞智  戴嘉伟 《震灾防御技术》2019,14(4):719-730

强震动记录H/V谱比法自提出以来，已广泛应用于地震工程各研究领域中。但对数据处理的2个关键环节——Taper预处理及傅氏谱平滑未有详细研究。因此，本文针对强震动记录H/V谱比法计算涉及的重要数据处理过程，对四川地区19个强震动台站在汶川地震余震中获取的642组强震动记录开展研究。研究实例表明:S波H/V谱比振幅在周期 < 1s时高于全时程，论证计算H/V谱比时截取S波窗口的必要性；S波窗口的截断会引起傅里叶振幅谱的边瓣效应，若不加以处理，将显著影响低频部分H/V谱比结果，Taper预处理对于消除这种截断误差具有良好效果；在兼顾平滑效果及卓越周期识别准确度的基础上，通过不同带宽的Parzen窗试算，认为0.5Hz带宽宜用于傅里叶H/V谱比曲线平滑。  相似文献   

重磁处理解释系统软件设计与关键实现技术          下载免费PDF全文

郑元满  姚长利  李泽林  刘强 《地球物理学报》2019,62(10):3744-3759

重磁探测是金属矿勘探的主要手段之一，其处理和解释方法技术已得到很大的发展，研发与其相适应的重磁软件是重要的研究课题.在国家863课题的支持下，我们设计并研发了重磁处理解释集成化软件系统.在分析国内外现有软件不足的基础上，我们对重磁软件系统所应具有的操作行为进行了针对性的设计，提出了具有特色的功能设计思路，并进行了针对性的研发实现.为满足深部矿产资源勘探需求和精细化解释需要，提出了更加具有针对性的软件设计解决方案，研发了特色的处理解释模块，核心突出软件的实时可视化和协同交互操作，使软件系统能高效地服务于使用者的目标任务.在优化改进处理、正反演算法的基础上，提出多核并行化方案并实现，提高了软件整体运行速度.最终形成了将数据管理、数据可视化、数据处理及解释有机结合的特色软件系统，为金属矿探测提供了一个高效、有力的工具.  相似文献   

保持局域特征的多源海冰图像融合与分类     

余志强  王廷伟  张晰  张杰  任鹏 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(7):129-136

本文提出一种保持局域特征的多源海冰图像融合方法，并在此基础上进行海冰分类。本文提出的多源海冰图像融合方法包括保持空间局域融合和保持特征局域融合两方面。首先，通过学习得到投影矩阵和相似矩阵。投影矩阵将多源像素进行投影变换，得到保留像素空间局域特性的融合向量。相似矩阵度量像素特征间的相似性，通过拉普拉斯特征分解，得到保留像素特征局域相似性的融合向量。然后，将空间融合向量和特征融合向量进行像素综合，得到融合图像。在此基础上，本文设计一种滑动集成分类方法进行融合图像像素分类。提出的分类方法利用滑动集成的特点，在分类时增强刻画了海冰局域特性。由于本文的保持局域融合框架不仅刻画了海冰在物理空间中的邻接关系，而且考虑不同海冰类型的特征关系，因此其在多源图像（多光谱和合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像）的海冰分类任务中表现优异。实验结果表明本文提出的基于保持局域特征融合的多源海冰图像分类方法有效提升了海冰分类精度。  相似文献