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在人工遮雨的条件下,采用盆栽的种植方式探究"皖麦68"营养生长期(返青期—开花期)及生殖生长期(开花期—成熟期)轻度干旱胁迫(土壤相对含水量为55%±5%)及复水(土壤相对含水量为70%±5%)对其光合生理特性及产量结构的影响。结果表明:返青期至成熟期充分供水(CK)的小麦旗叶光合参数和产量最高。开花至成熟期复水(DN)的小麦叶片在复水后光合能力迅速恢复,表现出了超补偿效应:光合速率(16.43μmol/(m~2·s))甚至超过了CK(15.01μmol/(m~2·s));采用非直角双曲线模型拟合小麦旗叶的光响应曲线,其中DN的曲角θ最大;DN产量较CK略有降低但千粒重为34.51 g,高于CK(34.44 g)。开花至成熟期轻度干旱(ND)及全生育期轻度干旱(DD)的小麦光合特征参数与产量均显著降低。DD产量最低、品质最差,但其收获指数I_H高于CK、仅次于DN。在小麦返青期—开花期进行水分管理适量减少灌溉,开花期—成熟期复水能够提升籽粒的干物质积累量,获得较高的产量及品质。 相似文献
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干旱和复水对东北红豆杉叶片叶绿素荧光特性和抗氧化酶活性的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以东北红豆杉(Taxus cuspidata)3 a生实生苗和扦插苗为实验材料,研究干旱和复水后实生苗和扦插苗的叶绿素荧光和抗氧化酶活性变化规律,为更好地培育东北红豆杉资源提供理论依据。研究结果表明,实生苗对于干旱适应性强于扦插苗。在干旱处理过程中,随着干旱条件加剧,实生苗和扦插苗初始荧光Fo和非光化学猝灭系数NPQ均表现出升高趋势,扦插苗Fo升幅较快,而实生苗NPQ升幅较大。与实生苗相比,扦插苗的PSⅡ最大量子效率(Fv /Fm),PSⅡ实际光化学量子效率(ФPSⅡ)和光合电子传递速率(ETR)表现出较大幅度的降低,说明扦插苗对干旱胁迫较敏感。但复水后,实生苗和3 a生扦插苗荧光参数均恢复到正常水平。干旱胁迫条件下,实生苗和扦插苗抗氧化酶SOD、CAT和POD均表现出升高。 相似文献
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N. K. Moroz I. S. Afanassyev E. A. Paukshtis G. P. Valueva 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2003,30(4):243-247
A new 1H NMR approach was applied to study the influence of recurring dehydration on the acidity of a natural Ca-rich zeolite clinoptilolite. It has been found that thermal cycling progressively increases the rate of the proton exchange between water molecules in the rehydrated state. The observed effect is interpreted as a result of the irreversible accumulation of specific structural defects represented by Brønsted acid sites: each dehydration at 720 K adds to the acid sites in an amount of the order of 10?3 per unit cell. The number of these defects, detected by NMR in hydrated mineral, is in reasonable agreement with their amount estimated for the dehydrated state with an IR-spectroscopy CO-probe method. A comparison of the results obtained for two distinct zeolite samples shows that the Ca2+ ions are of first importance in the dehydration-induced formation of the active acid sites. The barrier for the proton-transfer reaction between the acid sites and H2O molecules in hydrated clinoptilolite is found to be 46 kJ mol?1, which is not too different from the value of 54 kJ mol?1 reported recently for natural chabazite. 相似文献
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