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AN Zhisheng WANG Ping SHEN Ji ZHANG Yixiang ZHANG Peizhen WANG Sumin LI Xiaoqiang SUN Qianli SONG Yougui AI Li ZHANG Yechun JIANG Shaoren LIU Xingqi WANG Yong 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2006,49(8):851-861
1 Introduction in China, with an area of 4400 km2 and a drainage area With the advancement of global change study, peo- of nearly 29,660 km2[2]. Occurring at a “climatic triple ple are paying more and more attention to the conti- junction” among the East Asian monsoon, Indian nental environment (in which we reside), its evolution Monsoon and the Westerly Jet Stream, it lies in the and its future tendency. As a component of the global transitional belt of the east monsoonal humid areas sys… 相似文献
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Variation characteristics of heavy metals and nutrients in the core sediments of Taihu Lake and their pollution history 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
The sedimentary environment change, trophic evolution and heavy metals pollution history of the northern Taihu Lake in the last 100 years are studied according to the sedimentary geo-chemical proxies of the core sediments, such as grain size, nutrients, heavy metals, diatom, etc. The nutrients in the sediments depended mainly on the lake internal circulation and the heavy metals were from natural geogenic sources before the 1920s, which were not influenced by human activities generally, and grain size was one of the key factors influencing heavy metals content in the sediments. The alternation of manner and strength of human activities in Taihu Lake catchment before and after the 1920s made the lake sediments coarser, and hence heavy metals and TP content decreased contrasted with that before the 1920s. TP content in sediments and water increased from the 1950s to late 1970s due to anthropogenic pollutants discharge, and the lake belonging to mesotrophic state. TN and TOC content and C/N ratio increased due to the increasing external pollutants into Taihu Lake by human activities, TP content also increased obviously in water and sediments, and the diatom association was dominated by eutrophic species since the late 1970s, indicating the eutrophication state of Taihu Lake in this period. Meanwhile the increasing in heavy metals content, such as Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn, and their proportion of valid fractions in the sediments indicates that they all result from human pollutants since the late 1970s. The heavy metals in the surface sediments have certain potential biological toxicity due to the higher SEM/AVS ratio. 相似文献
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全新世气候具有不稳定性,且存在着区域差异,在季风边缘区尤为显著.因此,本研究选取季风边缘区吉兰泰盐湖沉积物的孢粉记录并结合AMS14C测年结果,对该地区全新世的古植被演化及古气候变化历史进行了重建.结果表明,在全新世阶段,该地区植被类型未发生变化,以干旱的荒漠植被为主.早全新世(10.5 8.5 cal ka BP),以蒿属孢粉为主,伴随出现少量藜科、禾本科及麻黄属孢粉,蒿藜比(A/C比值)相对稳定(4.11左右),指示全新世早期气候逐步转湿的过程,在8.5 cal ka BP,蒿属孢粉数量下降且被藜科孢粉取代,指示一次明显气候干旱事件;中全新世(8.5 3.5 cal ka BP),蒿属孢粉含量增加及藜科孢粉含量降低,A/C比值在7.1 cal ka BP左右达到峰值,指示该地区中全新世气候最为湿润;晚全新世(3.5 cal ka BP至今),藜科孢粉含量增加且超过早全新世,A/C比值低至3.66,区域呈现明显的干旱化趋势.此外,结合吉兰泰盐湖沉积物矿物组成结果,发现中全新世湖泊沉积物中,钙芒硝大量出现,一定程度上指示降水量增多所带来的淡水注入,与孢粉指标指示该阶段湿润的结果一致.通过区域对比,发现吉兰泰地区在全新世时期的气候演化模式与东亚季风区具有较好的一致性,表明该地区受到东亚夏季风的影响较大,尤其是在中全新世,东亚夏季风增强,带来较多的降水,气候湿润. 相似文献
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通过研究青海湖全新世硬水效应变化与大气~(14)C浓度(X_(atm))之间的关系,确定了湖水溶解无机碳(DIC)与大气~(14)C浓度之比值(X_(DIC)/X_(atm))约为0.790.利用已知X_(atm)随时间变化曲线重建了青海湖全新世的硬水效应,并对沉积物年龄作了相应校正.结果表明,青海湖全新世沉积物(有机质)~(14)C年龄偏老主要缘于湖泊硬水效应,从全新世早期的1000a左右升高到核爆近前的2300a左右,核爆效应之后2005AD又降至1500a左右,其变化至少在很大程度上受控于X_(atm)的波动(对应于以上3个时期,根据X_(atm)所恢复的硬水效应分别为1100a、2150a、1313a).在此基础上,利用硬水效应校正表对青海湖全新世沉积物~(14)C年龄进行了分阶段校正,基于此校正年龄的红度曲线较好地响应了9000-8000cal aBP、6000-5000cal aBP、4200-3800cal aBP、3500-2500cal aBP、1200-1000cal aBP和600-150cal aBP等全球性冷事件. 相似文献
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通过对可可西里库赛湖KS-2006孔矿物组合的分析表明:库赛湖沉积的碳酸盐为以文石为主的自生碳酸盐,其含量的高低能够指示温度的变化;盐类矿物只是在2150 cal aBP以来才出现,表明湖水盐度增高,与此同时,石英含量的持续增高可能同冷干气候条件下该区风成活动的加强有关.青藏高原北部晚全新世的气候环境演化过程为:3770 - 2550 cal aBP期间气候条件整体较为温暖;2550 -2150 cal aBP期间,气温缓慢下降有变冷的趋势;约2150 cal aBP至今,气候迅速转冷,湖区湿度降低,湖水盐度增高,风成活动加强,但900 - 700 cal aBP期间,为明显的温暖时期. 相似文献
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湖泊水体的氢氧同位素(δD、δ~(18)O)是研究区域大气降水和水文循环的重要手段之一,目前对其的研究主要以单一湖泊为主.以2016年夏季在中国西部地区采集的33个湖泊水体为研究对象,分析其氢氧同位素的变化特征,并结合当地夏季大气降水、湖水盐度、海拔与纬度等资料,探讨中国西部33个湖泊水体δD、δ~(18)O的空间分布特征及其影响因素.结果表明:33个湖泊水体的δD与δ18O组成主要受控于大气降水,但受蒸发分馏的影响,湖水线的斜率与截距低于大气水线.湖泊水体与夏季大气降水氢氧同位素存在明显的空间分异,这种分异与湖水盐度无关,主要受到区域降水水汽来源不同的影响.青藏高原南北两侧由于水汽来源及蒸发条件的不同,使得青藏高原湖泊水体的氢氧同位素呈现出"北高南低"的特点,新疆西北部受西风影响,湖泊水体的氢氧同位素明显偏负,内蒙古及邻近地区受东南季风的影响,湖水受到蒸发分馏作用使其δD与δ~(18)O偏正.不同区域湖泊水体的氘盈余(d_excess)反映了不同的水汽源地的湿度状况而不能指示湖水的蒸发状况.受降水影响,青藏高原地区湖水氢氧同位素组成与海拔高度呈负相关,与纬度呈正相关. 相似文献
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通过系统分析吉兰泰盐湖JLT-2010孔蒸发盐类矿物、碳酸盐矿物、碎屑岩矿物等,结合AMS14C测年获得的年代序列,研究该湖13.8 ka以来的演化过程.结果表明:吉兰泰盐湖13.8-11.7 cal ka BP期间水体较淡;11.7-10.2 cal ka BP期间湖泊开始萎缩、咸化,进入咸水湖阶段;10.2-5.5 cal ka BP期间湖泊进入硫酸盐沉积阶段,其中9.0-8.2 cal ka BP经历了一个明显的淡化过程;5.5 cal ka BP以来,湖泊成盐作用进一步加强,由前期的硫酸盐沉积转变为氯化物沉积,其中3.7-2.0 cal ka BP达到全面氯化物沉积阶段,2.0-1.7 cal ka BP又经历了一个短暂而明显的淡化过程;目前,该盐湖已进入干盐湖发展阶段.总体而言,吉兰泰盐湖蒸发盐类矿物主要是在全新世增温的背景条件下逐步萎缩形成的,由于区域性干旱气候的持续影响,吉兰泰盐湖逐步萎缩、咸化,进而析盐. 相似文献
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Late Holocene Moisture Changes in the Core Area of Arid Central Asia Reflected by Rock Magnetic Records of Glacier Lake Kalakuli Sediments in the Westernmost Tibetan Plateau and their Influences on the Evolution of Ancient Silk Road 
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下载免费PDF全文 The evolution of Ancient Silk Road(ASR) was deeply influenced by late Holocene moisture changes in Arid Central Asia(ACA). Nevertheless, controversies in Holocene moisture change pattern of ACA and poorly–constrained age models of related studies have made the discussion about late Holocene moisture changes in ACA and their influences on the evolution of ASR difficult. Recently, a high–resolution age model during the late Holocene was established for Kalakuli Lake, a small glacier lake located in the core area of ACA. A thorough rock magnetic investigation was carried out on Kalakuli Lake sediments based on this age model. The magnetic mineral assemblage of Kalakuli Lake sediments is still dominated by primary magnetite despite minor diagenetic effects. Comparisons of rock magnetic records to parameters previously used as indicator of glacier fluctuations suggest that clastic input to Kalakuli Lake was high(low) and magnetic grain size is relatively larger(smaller), when glaciers on Muztagh Ata advanced(retreated). The ARM/SIRM ratio, a magnetic grain size proxy, is directly related to lake hydrodynamics, which are ultimately controlled by glacier fluctuations on Muztagh Ata as the result of regional moisture changes. Late Holocene moisture changes indicated by the ARM/SIRM ratio are consistent with cool/wet and warm/dry oscillations indicated by the unweighted average of biomarker hydrogen isotopic data of the C_(26) and C_(28) n–alkanoic acids in a previous study about Kalakuli Lake, most moisture change records of the core area of ACA and winter insolation of the Northern Hemisphere, but opposite to Asian monsoon evolution. Given Asian monsoon and the westerlies are mutually inhibited, we propose that late Holocene moisture changes in the core area of ACA were controlled by the intensity of Asian monsoon versus the westerlies under the governance of solar insolation. Generally increased moisture since the late Holocene indicated by the ARM/SIRM ratio favored cultural exchange and integration between the western and the eastern Eurasia, which paved the way for the formation of ASR. Coincidence between significant increase in moisture at ～200 BC suggested by the ARM/SIRM ratio and the formation of ASR indicates moisture as an important factor that facilitated the formation of ASR. The onsets of three prosperity periods of ASR in the history generally correspond to periods when moisture was relatively high, nevertheless, stagnant periods of ASR do not coincide with periods when moisture was relatively low in the core area of ACA. Disorganized correlations between stagnant periods of ASR and moisture changes in the core area of ACA suggest that moisture is not the decisive factor influencing the evolution of ASR. 相似文献