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Adsorption of dimethyl trisulfide from aqueous solution on a low-cost adsorbent: thermally activated pinecone 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Thermally activated pinecone(TAP) was used for the adsorption of dimethyl trisulfide(DMTS)from aqueous solutions,which was proved to be the main odorous in algae-caused black bloom.The effects of adsorbent dosage,adsorbate concentration and contact time on DMTS biosorption were studied.The TAP produced at 600℃ exhibited a relatively high surface area(519.69 m~2/g) and excellent adsorption capacity.The results show that the adsorption of DMTS was initially fast and that the equilibrium time was6 h.Higher initial DMTS concentrations led to lower removal percentages but higher adsorption capacity.The removal percentage of DMTS increased and the adsorption capacity of TAP decreased with an increase in adsorbent dosage.The adsorption process conforms well to a pseudo-second-order kinetics model.The adsorption of DMTS is more appropriately described by the Freundlich isotherm(R~2=0.996 1) than by the Langmuir isotherm(R~2=0.916 9).The results demonstrate that TAP could be an attractive low-cost adsorbent for removing DMTS from water. 相似文献
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底泥覆盖对浅水湖泊藻源性湖泛的控制模拟 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
湖泛的发生与湖泊底部氧化还原条件和致黑致臭物充足供给直接相关.利用黄土和细沙对太湖湖泛易发区(月亮湾)底泥进行覆盖,模拟在湖泛可形成条件下,底泥-水体系及其界面主要物化性质与感官变化过程.结果表明:0.5 cm黄土和1.0 cm细沙的覆盖,从水色和嗅味半定量角度达到了对湖泛黑臭的控制,与对照组相比,覆盖组底泥间隙水中主要致黑物Fe2+浓度仅为对照组的1/3,主要致臭物甲硫醇和二甲基三硫醚等浓度则不到50%.进一步分析底部水体和底泥性质发现:经覆盖处理底部水体的溶解氧浓度提高近1倍,氧化还原电位基本处于250 m V以上水平,覆盖层1 cm左右表层氧化还原电位和p H均远高于对照底泥.以黄土为主的底泥覆盖,主要因阻隔了下层底泥中物质迁移供给和对厌氧微生物参与的控制,以及黄土本身性质对湖底物化环境的影响等,在藻体大量聚集和死亡的水柱环境中,较好地阻止了致黑致臭物的形成,从而较有效控制湖泛的发生. 相似文献
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The Nanfei River(Anhui Province,China) is a severely polluted urban river that flows into Chaohu Lake.In the present study,sediments were collected from the river and analyzed for their heavy metal contents.Multivariate statistics and the fuzzy comprehensive assessment method were used to determine the sources of pollution,the current pollution status,and spatial and temporal variations in heavy metal pollution in sediments.The concentrations of arsenic(As),cadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr),copper(Cu),mercury(Hg),nickel(Ni),lead(Pb),and zinc(Zn) in sediments ranged from 5.67–113,0.08–40.2,41.6–524,15.5–460,0.03–4.84,13.5–180,18.8–250,and 47.9–1 996 mg/kg,and the average concentrations of each metal were 1.7,38.7,1.8,5.5,18.8,1.3,2.5,and 11.1 times greater than the background values,respectively.Multivariate statistical analysis demonstrated that Hg,Cu,Cr,Cd,and Ni may have originated from industrial activities,whereas As and Pb came from agricultural activities.The fuzzy comprehensive assessment method,based on the fuzzy mathematics theory,was used to obtain a detailed assessment of the sediment quality in the Nanfei River watershed.The results indicated that the pollution was moderate in the downstream tributaries of the Nianbu and Dianbu Rivers,but was severe in the main channel of the Nanfei River and in the upstream tributaries of the Sili and Banqiao Rivers.Therefore,sediments in the Nanfei River watershed are heavily polluted and urgent measures should be taken to remedy the status. 相似文献
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淀山湖底泥生态疏浚适宜深度判定分析 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
通过室内模拟实验,对淀山湖东部湖区的沉积物进行研究,测定沉积物在不同疏浚深度和疏浚温度下的铵态氮(NH4+-N)、正磷酸盐(NH43--P)和溶解性有机碳(DOC)的释放速率,并对该区域沉积物的理化指标进行检测.结果表明:淀山湖表层沉积物近年来总磷和有机质含量有较大增加.淀山湖东部湖区NH4+-N和DOC存在着释放趋势,NH43--P在夏季会从沉积物中向上覆水中释放,在年内会形成"源"和"汇"的转化.整个淀山湖东部湖区按不同研究区域划分,疏浚深度以10~20 cm最佳,疏浚季节以秋季为佳.通过对淀山湖东部湖区的沉积物在不同疏浚深度和疏浚时间下的污染物释放速率的研究,可以为淀山湖和其它类似湖泊的疏浚工作提供相应的科学依据. 相似文献
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运用无扰动芯样实验室内流动培养、稳定同位素示踪、同位紊气态产物测定及同位素配对技术,对太湖梅梁湾北部到南部的4个梯度样点的水土界面反硝化和厌氧氨氧化速率进行研究.结果表明,梅梁湾内及湾外开敞湖区4个样点的水土界面反硝化脱氮速率为(46.36±13.26)-(16.34±22,74)μmol/(m~2·h),厌氧氨氧化脱氮速率为(7.50±2.21)-(2.05±2.90)～mol/(m~2.b).梅梁湾北部河口区水土界面总脱氮能力明显高于梅梁湾南部及开敞湖区.通过对脱氮过程的进一步研究发现.北部脱氮过程主要以上覆水硝酸盐为底物的非耦合反硝化过程(D_w)为优势过程,而梅梁湾外开敞湖区则以沉积物硝化过程耦合控制的反硝化(D_n)为主.影响D_n、D_w在反硝化中比重的主要因素是沉积物溶氧侵蚀深度和上覆水NO_3~-.浓度的差异;梅梁湾厌氧氨氧化脱氮比例占总脱氮比例为12%-14%,湾外开敞湖区则占11%,影响其比例差异的主要因子是反硝化强度的大小及其反硝化中间产物--亚硝酸盐含量的差异. 相似文献
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以中国长足摇蚊(Tanypus chinensis)幼虫对沉积物的生物扰动过程为研究对象,运用稳定同位素示踪及同位素配对技术,深入探讨长足摇蚊幼虫扰动对太湖梅梁湾沉积物硝酸盐界面迁移、溶解氧侵蚀深度及沉积物反硝化速率及两种不同反硝化过程(非耦合反硝化(DW)和耦合反硝化(DN))的影响.摇蚊幼虫扰动后,添加15N两种处理沉积物氧气消耗速率由355.49±131.49μmol/(m2.h)变化为546.39±261.41μmol/(m2.h),而未添加15N两种处理由313.57±61.63μmol/(m2.h)变化为554.17±184.36μmol/(m2.h),硝酸盐界面迁移结果表明:扰动显著加强了水体硝酸盐向沉积物迁移的速率,加强沉积物作为上覆水中NO3-N汇的作用,摇蚊幼虫扰动组的硝酸盐迁移速率从-33.75±29.25μmol/(m2.h)提高到-210.14±117.25μmol/(m2.h).同位素添加实验发现,摇蚊幼虫底栖扰动能显著提高沉积物总反硝化速率,与对照组相比,总反硝化速率从31.83±8.79μmol/(m2.h)上升到228.98±54.09μmol/(m2.h),增加了约6倍左右.利用同位素配对法计算对两种不同反硝化过程进行区分,发现非耦合反硝化速率从15.78±8.51μmol/(m2.h)上升到182.96±45.22μmol/(m2.h),耦合反硝化速率从16.04±5.63μmol/(m2.h)增加到46.01±8.97μmol/(m2.h),预示着底栖生物扰动能同时增加耦合和非耦合两种反硝化过程,而非耦合反硝化过程的增加强度远大于耦合反硝化. 相似文献
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