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1.
Doklady Earth Sciences - The rocks and minerals of the Kolvitsa massif are studied by complex isotopic–geochronological and geochemical (U–Pb, Sm–Nd, REE contents of zircons)...  相似文献   
2.
Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The archaeal composition of permafrost samples taken during the drilling of frozen marine sediments in the area of the Barentsburg coal mine on the east...  相似文献   
3.
On the basis of U–Pb, Rb–Sr and Sm–Nd isotopic data, it is shown that formation of uranium mineralization in the Paleoproterozoic Salla-Koulajarvinsky belt (Northern Karelia) was a long-lasting mult-stage process that developed over more than 1 Ga: from the Paleoproterozoic to the Paleozoic. The first stage, 1.75 Ga ago, corresponds to the Svekofennian metamorphic event—regional albitization. The process was dated by the Rb–Sr (isochronic age of albitites is 1754 ± 39 Ma) and U–Pb methods (the age of rutile is 1756 ± 8 Ma). At this stage, with a lower temperature limit of 400–450°C, conditions were favorable for the mobilization and migration of uranium, but not for its deposition in minerals. The second stage, 1.62 Ga ago, was a time of alteration of rocks at the regressive stage of the Svekofennian metamorphic event, when carbonate and chlorite rocks formed after albitites. The age of this stage was estimated as 1627 ± 42 Ma according to ThO2, UO2, and PbO contents in uraninite. Probably, the deposition of uraninite took place at this stage at temperature not higher than 300–350°C. The final, third stage, 385 Ma ago, corresponds to the Paleozoic tectonic activation and formation of Caledonian alkaline intrusions. Uranium minerals were probably redeposited at this stage; the U–Pb age of brannerite is 385 ± 2 Ma.  相似文献   
4.
Data on gold ore objects in the Strelna Greenstone Belt in the southeastern Kola Peninsula are presented in the paper. The studied Vorgovy and Sergozero ore occurrences are localized in the zone of tectonic contact of the Neoarchean complexes making up the greenstone belt and the volcanic–sedimentary sequences of the Paleoproterozoic Imandra–Varzuga Zone. The Vorgovy gold occurrence is related to stockwork of carbonate–quartz veins and veinlets hosted in a biotite gneiss transformed into chlorite–sericite–quartz metasomatic rock with pyrrhotite–arsenopyrite dissemination. The Sergozero occurrence is localized in amphibolites corresponding to komatiitic and tholeiitic basalts hosted in biotite gneiss (metapelite). Mineralization is confined to the zone of tectonized contact between komatiitic and tholeiitic basalts, where it is controlled by a strip of metasomatic biotite–calcite rock with gersdorffite–arsenopyrite dissemination. The native gold grains medium to high in fineness are up to 0.1 mm in size and mainly localized at the contact of arsenopyrite and gersdorffite with gangue minerals. Gold mineralization is of superimposed character, and, as indicated by isotopic geochronology, was formed at the retrograde stage of the Svecofennian regional metamorphism. Comparison of ore occurrences localized in the Strelna Greenstone Belt with gold deposits in greenstone belts of the western Fennoscandian Shield and the Superior Province in Canada allows us to suggest a high perspective of the entire Strelna Belt for gold.  相似文献   
5.
加卸载响应比(LURR)理论的实验研究   总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13  
利用大尺度岩石试件破坏声发射实验,对加卸载响应比(Load/Unload Response Ratio)理论进行了实验研究。实验采用的加载条件力求能够模拟地下岩石的复杂受力过程。在加载过程中,岩石试件内部出现的损伤用声发射技术进行了记录。实验数据经过分析之后所得的结论与加卸载响应比理论预测的结果相符合。把加卸载响应比值Y的变化情况与声发射事件定位的过程相对比,也可以进一步看出岩石材料内部的损伤发展过程与加卸载响应比Y值的变化具有一致性。而高Y值的异常情况出现,又是在材料发生最终破坏之前,所以,可以用加卸载响应比理论定量地分析岩石试件损伤演化情况,从而对岩石材料的破坏及地震做出预测。实验结果再一次验证了加卸载响应比理论。  相似文献   
6.
The dike-vein complex of the Moncha Tundra Massif comprises dolerites, gabbro-pegmatites, and aplites. The dolerite dikes are classified into three groups: high-Ti ferrodolerites, ferrodolerites, low-Ti and low-Fe gabbro-dolerites. The U-Pb age of the ferrodolerites is 2505 ± 8 Ma, and the amphibole-plagioclase metagabbroids hosting a ferrodolerite dike are dated at 2516 ± 12 Ma. Data on the U-Pb isotopic system of zircon from the gabbro-pegmatites and titanite from the aplites indicate that the late magmatic evolution of the Moncha Tundra Massif proceeded at 2445 ± 1.7 Ma, and the youngest magmatic events in the massif related to the Svecofennian orogeny occurred at 1900 ± 9 Ma. The data obtained on the Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr isotopic systems and the distribution of trace elements and REE in rocks of the dike-vein complex of the massifs provide insight into the composition of the sources from which the parental magmas were derived. The high-Ti ferrodolerites were melted out of a deep-sitting plume source that contained an asthenospheric component. The ferrodolerites were derived from a mantle MORB-type source that contained a crustal component. The parental melts of the gabbro-dolerites were melted out of the lithospheric mantle depleted in incompatible elements after Archean crust-forming processes above an ascending mantle plume, with the participation of a crustal component. The gabbro-dolerites and the rocks of the layered complex of the Moncha Tundra Massif exhibit similar geochemical characteristics, which suggest that their parental melts could be derived from similar sources but with more clearly pronounced crustal contamination of the parental melts of the rocks of the massif itself. The geochemical traits of the gabbro-pegmatites are thought to be explained not only by the enrichment of the residual magmas in trace elements and a contribution of a crustal component but also by the uneven effect of sublithospheric mantle sources. The aplites were derived from a sialic crustal source.  相似文献   
7.
Implementing acoustic emission experiments with large rock samples, LURR (Load/Unload Response Ratio) theory was studied. The loading conditions in the experiments were designed to simulate the complicated loading process of underground rocks. The damages emerging inside the rock samples were recorded by the acoustic emission technique during the loading process. The experimental results were consistent with prediction by LURR theory. Integrating the changing processes of LURR value Y and the location process of acoustic emission events showed agreement between the variation of LURR value Y and the damage evolution inside the rocks. Furthermore, the high value of Y emerged before the complete breakdown of materials. Therefore, the damage evolution of rock specimen can be quantitatively analyzed with LURR theory, thus the failure of the rock materials and the earthquake occurrence may be predicted. The experimental results gave a further verification of LURR theory.  相似文献   
8.
A series of acoustic emission (AE) experiments of rock failure have been conducted under cyclic load in tri-axial stress tests. To simulate the hypocenter condition the specimens are loaded by the combined action of a constant stress, intended to simulate the tectonic loading, and a small sinusoidal disturbance stress, analogous to the Earth tide induced by the Sun and the Moon. Each acoustic emission signal can indicate the occurrence time, location and relative magnitude of the damage (micro-crack) in the specimen. The experimental results verified some precursors such as LURR (Load/Unload Response Ratio) and AER (Accelerating Energy Release) before macro-fracture of the samples. A new parameter, the correlation between the AE and the load, has been proposed to describe the loading history. On the eve of some strong earthquakes the correlation between the Benioff strain and the Coulomb failure stress (CFS) decreases, similar to the variation of LURR prior to strong earthquakes.  相似文献   
9.
俄罗斯科学院约费技术物理研究所提出了固体断裂的两阶段模型,该模型不随断裂尺度变化。第一阶段为裂隙的积累,其大小受限于构造单元的特征尺度,当达到其阈值密度时,就形成局部的断裂源,此时过程进展加速,并完成宏观断裂。当过程进展缓慢时,研究轻微的作用下断裂源的状态就具有意义。  相似文献   
10.
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