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1.
Summer Monsoon Impacts on Chlorophyll-a Concentration in the Middle of the South China Sea: Climatological Mean and Annual Variability 
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下载免费PDF全文 Climatological mean and annual variations of Chlorophyll-a(Chl-a) distribution,sea surface wind(SSW),and sea surface temperature(SST) from 1998 to 2008 were analyzed in the middle of the South China Sea(SCS),focusing on the typical region off the east coast of Vietnam(8.5-14°N,109.5-114°E).Based on remote sensing data and SCS summer monsoon index(SCSSMI) data,high Chl-a concentrations in the middle of the SCS in the southwest summer monsoon season(June-September) may be related to strong Ekman pumping and strong wind stress.The maximum of the monthly averaged climatological Chl-a in the summer appeared in August.According to the annual variation,there was a significant negative correlation(r =-0.42) between the SCSSMI and SST,a strongly positive correlation(r=0.61) between the SCSSMI and Chl-a,and a strongly negative correlation(r =-0.74) between the SST and Chl-a in the typical region off the east coast of Vietnam during 1998-2008.Due to the El Ni?o event specifically,the phenomena of a low Chl-a concentration,high SST and weak SCSSMI were extremely predominant in the summer of 1998.These relationships imply that the SCSSMI associated with the SST could be used to predict the annual variability of summer Chl-a in the SCS. 相似文献
2.
Nutrient and Chlorophyll-a （Chl-a） concentrations were investigated monthly along three transects extending from a mariculturc area to open waters around the Zhangzi Island area from July to December 2009. The objective of this study is to illus- trate food availability to the bottom-sowed scallop Patinopecten yessoensis under the influences of the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass （YSCWM）, freshwater input and feedbacks of cultivated scallops. Significant thermal stratification was present in open waters from July to October, and salinity decreased in July and August in surface layers in the mariculture area. Nutrient concentrations increased with depth in both areas in summer, but were similar through water column in November and December. On average, nutrient in- creased from summer to autumn in all components except ammonia. Nutrient concentrations lower than the minimum thresholds for phytoplankton growth were present only in upper layers in summer, but stoichiometric nitrogen limitation existed in the entire inves- tigation period. Column-averaged Chl-a concentration was lower in open waters than in mariculture area in all months. It increased significantly in mariculturc area in August and October, and was less variable in open waters. Our results show that nutrients limita- tion to phytoplankton growth is present mainly in upper layer in association with stratification caused by YSCWM in summer. Freshwater input and upwelling of nutrients accumulated in YSCWM can stimulate phytoplankton production in mariculture area. Farming activities may change stoichiometric nutrient ratios but have less influence on Chl-a concentration. 相似文献
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Hiroshi Ishida Yutaka W. Watanabe Joji Ishizaka Toshiya Nakano Naoki Nagai Yuji Watanabe Akifumi Shimamoto Nobuhiro Maeda Michimasa Magi 《Journal of Oceanography》2009,65(2):179-186
Our analysis of the last three decades of retrospective data of vertical distributions and size composition of chlorophyll-a
(Chl-a) over the western North Pacific has revealed significant changes of three indices related to Chl-a during summer season,
as follows: (1) decreasing linear trend of the proportion of Chl-a in surface layer to that of the whole water column by 0.4
and 2.3% year−1 in the subtropical area along 137°E (STA137) during 1972 to 1997 and in the Kuroshio Extension area along 175°E (KEA175) during 1990 to 2001; (2) increasing linear trend of the depth of subsurface Chl-a maximum (DCM) by 0.4 and 2.6 m year−1 in STA137 and KEA175; and (3) decreasing linear trend of larger-size Chl-a (>3 μm) by 0.1 and 2.5% year−1 in STA137 and KEA175, respectively. Water density (σ
θ
) at 75 m depth had also decreased by 0.006 and 0.05 year−1 in STA137 and KEA175, respectively. The ratio of biogenic opal to biogenic CaCO3 in the sinking flux decreased by 0.015 year−1 in the subtropical region from 1997 to 2005. These findings may indicate that the subsurface chlorophyll maximum is deepening
and larger phytoplankton such as diatoms has been decreasing during the past decade, associated with the decreasing density
of surface water caused by warming in the western North Pacific, especially in the summer. 相似文献
4.
Evaluation of a three-band model for estimating chlorophyll-a concentration in tidal reaches of the Pearl River Estuary, China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Shuisen Chen Ligang Fang Hongli Li Weiqi Chen Wenrui Huang 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2011,66(3):356-364
Accurate assessment of phytoplankton chlorophyll-a (Chla) concentration in turbid waters by means of remote sensing was challenging due to the optical complexity of turbid waters. Recently, a conceptual model containing reflectance in three spectral bands in the red and near-infrared range of the spectrum was suggested for retrieving Chla concentrations in turbid productive waters. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the performance of this three-band model to estimate Chla concentration in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), China. Reflectance spectra of surface water and water samples were collected concurrently. The samples contained variable Chla (4.80-92.60 mg/m3) and total suspended solids (0.4-55.2 mg/L dry wt). Colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorption at 400 nm was 0.40-1.41 m−1; turbidity ranged from 4 to 25 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units). The three-band model was spectrally calibrated by iterative and least-square linear regression methods to select the optimal spectral bands for the most accurate Chla estimation. Strong linear relationships (R2=0.81, RMSE=1.4 mg/m3, N=32) were established between measured Chla and the levels obtained from the calibrated three-band model [R−1(684)-R−1(690)]×R(718), where R(λ) was the reflectance at wavelength λ. The calibrated three-band model was independently validated (R2=0.9521, RMSE=6.44 mg/m3, N=16) and applied to retrieve Chla concentrations from the calibrated EO-1 Hyperion reflectance data in the PRE on December 21, 2006. The EO-1 Hyperion-derived Chla concentrations were further validated using synchronous in situ data collected on the same day (R2=0.64, RMSE=2 mg/m3, N=9). The spatial tendency of Chla distribution mapping by Hyperion showed gradually increased concentrations of Chla farther from the river mouths (although decreasing from east to west), which were disturbed by the combination of river outlets and tidal current in Lingding Bay of the PRE. This observation conformed to previous observations and studies, and could reasonably be explained by geographical changes. Also, results indicated that the slope of the three-band regression line decreased as the Chla concentration increased, resulting in the first sensitive band of the three-band model to move towards short wavelengths. These findings validated the rationale behind the conceptual model and demonstrated the robustness of this algorithm for Chla retrieval from in situ data and the Hyperion satellite sensor in turbid estuarine waters of the PRE, China. 相似文献
5.
Knut L. Seip 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1994,56(1):16-28
Regression results based on data from 46 northern temperate lakes show that total phosphorus (TP) is the best predictor for phytoplankton (as chl-a) at lower trophic levels, TP < 200 mg · m–3. A regression including both TP and TN as regressors is the best predictor for lakes with TP > 200 mg · m–3. However, the good correlation is probably due to a high correlation between lake average chl-a (all years observed) and lake average TP and TN. Within single hypereutrophic lakes, TN alone is the best predictor. It was not possible to identify a medium trophic domain where TN and TP in combination was the best predictor for chl-a. The ratio TN:TP in the water decreases from about 40 to about 5 with increasing trophic level. Optimum TN:TP ratio for algal species with high abundance during late summer and autumn reflects this decreasing ratio, but within a lesser range, i.e., 20 to 5. In contrast, TN:TP ratios for species abundant during the early vernal period showed no, or an inverse, relation to the TN:TP ratio of the water. 相似文献
6.
海水中的颗粒有机碳(POC)与生物的生命过程、初级生产力关系密切,是海洋食物链中重要的物质基础和能量来源,因此POC的分布特征可以有效反映其生物地球化学环境。利用中国第33次南极考察期间(2016年12月至2017年1月)在南极半岛邻近海域采集的海水颗粒物样品,研究POC的空间分布特征及其影响因素。结果表明,斯科舍海0—200 m的POC浓度范围为7.44—193.52μg·L~(-1),平均浓度为(48.84±35.09)μg·L~(-1);南斯科舍海岭0—200 m的POC浓度范围为9.13—62.17μg·L~(-1),平均浓度为(29.76±14.12)μg·L~(-1);鲍威尔海盆0—200 m的POC浓度范围为5.87—270.72μg·L~(-1),平均浓度为(48.57±38.92)μg·L~(-1)。表层POC高值出现在斯科舍海区和鲍威尔海盆区,而低值出现在海岭区,与叶绿素a(Chla)的变化趋势一致,与营养盐的变化趋势相反。垂向分布上,各个区域POC平均浓度随深度的增加而减少,鲍威尔海盆和斯科舍海POC最高值都出现在25 m层。分析结果表明光合浮游植物是研究海域POC的主要来源, POC的主要影响因素为温度、水团混合以及海冰环境。斯科舍海与鲍威尔海盆整体非生命POC占比高,可能是由于高磷虾生物量、海冰碎屑以及陆源输入的干扰;南斯科舍海岭整体非生命POC占比低。 相似文献
7.
海陆颜色仪(OLCI)是搭载在Sentinel-3上的新型水色遥感传感器,其对于内陆清洁水体水质遥感监测的适用性有待验证.本研究以评价水体富营养化程度的重要参数叶绿素a(Chl.a)浓度为指标,以高原湖泊洱海为研究区,基于2017年4月19日共20个星地同步实验数据,建立了3种可应用于OLCI数据的Chl.a浓度遥感估算模型(波段比值模型、三波段模型以及FLH模型),并估算了当日洱海Chl.a浓度的空间分布.结果表明:(1)选用波段Oa8(665 nm)、Oa11(708.75 nm)和Oa12(753.75 nm)构建的三波段模型最适用于洱海水域的Chl.a浓度估算,其平均绝对误差百分比为12.37%,低于波段比值模型的16.04%和FLH模型的13.50%;(2)对OLCI使用的大气校正方法中,基于去瑞利散射的暗像元法对估算模型的适用性要优于6S、FLAASH以及QUAC方法;(3)洱海OLCI影像中近岸水体受邻近效应影响严重,近红外波段Oa12(753.75 nm)受陆地邻近效应影响的距离为1~2个像元,而Oa8(665 nm)、Oa10(681.25 nm)和Oa11(708.75 nm)波段为1个像元;(4)2017年4月19日全湖Chl.a浓度均值为12.15±5.72μg/L,洱海中部水域Chl.a浓度最低(9.00~12.00μg/L),北部水域浓度最高(12.00~22.76μg/L),南部水域浓度稍高(12.00~14.00μg/L),阳南溪与波罗江入湖口受降雨径流的影响出现"羽流现象",导致Chl.a浓度偏低,约为8.33μg/L. 相似文献
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9.
根据2007年6月期间对大连湾的调查数据,分析了脱镁叶绿素对浮游植物吸收特性的影响。由实测数据及相关文献推断出脱镁叶绿素蓝光和红光吸收峰分别位于412和670nm波段,并采用多元线性回归对脱镁叶绿素和叶绿素a的比吸收系数进行研究。结果表明,412nm波段脱镁叶绿素的比吸收系数远大于叶绿素a;440nm波段,叶绿素a的比吸收系数略大于脱镁叶绿素;670、675nm波段,叶绿素a的比吸收系数约为脱镁叶绿素的3倍。随脱镁叶绿素占色素总浓度比例的增大,浮游植物吸收曲线上蓝光吸收峰偏离440nm波段,逐渐向412nm波段靠近,并得到蓝光波段吸收峰的高度由脱镁叶绿素浓度决定,而红光波段吸收峰的高度由叶绿素a浓度决定。色素浓度与吸收系数进行乘幂函数拟合分析表明,412、440nm波段吸收系数与脱镁叶绿素浓度拟合相关性高于叶绿素a,而675nm波段相反。 相似文献
10.
应用分光光度法对 1 991— 2 0 0 2年 1 1月胶州湾浮游植物现存量 (叶绿素a含量 )进行了测定。研究结果表明 ,胶州湾叶绿素a年平均含量为 2 0 9— 5 70mg/m3,多年平均为 ( 3 47± 1 92 )mg/m3,年际间存在一定的波动范围 ;在平面分布上 ,胶州湾西北和东北近岸海域含量较高 ,湾中部和南部海域较低 ;胶州湾叶绿素a含量存在着明显的季节变化 ,冬季 ( 2月 )平均含量为 ( 4 72± 3 1 5 )mg/m3,是一年中的高峰 ,夏季次之 ,平均含量为 ( 4 33± 2 5 7)mg/m3,春季平均含量为 ( 2 78± 2 43)mg/m3,秋季平均含量最低 ,仅为 ( 1 95± 0 80 )mg/m3。胶州湾浮游植物粒级构成为 :小型浮游植物 ( >2 0 μm)平均占 35 8% ,微型浮游植物 ( 2—2 0 μm)平均为 5 1 3% ,超微型浮游植物 ( <2 μm)平均为 1 2 9% ;不同季节和海域粒级构成有一定差异。 相似文献