白云鄂博矿区土壤和植物中稀土元素的分布特征   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

张立锋  刘杰民  张翼明 《岩矿测试》2019,38(5):556-564

白云鄂博矿区是稀土的主要产出地,在矿山开采和选炼等过程中,稀土元素通过迁移、富集等作用进入植物体,研究稀土元素的分布特征和迁移规律,可为白云鄂博矿体闭坑后的生物修复提供数据支持。本文设置了7个土壤采样点,采集铁花、沙蒿、沙打旺、沙朋、青蒿、小叶杨、猪毛菜七种植物,用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定土壤和植物的根、茎、叶及整株的稀土含量,研究稀土元素在土壤和植物中的分布特征和迁移规律。统计分析结果表明:随着采样区与主矿区的距离增加,土壤样品中的稀土含量逐渐减少;在七种植物中,铁花的稀土含量最高,青蒿最低;对不同植物的整株稀土含量和各部位(根、茎、叶)稀土含量进行多元线性回归分析,叶(或花)的稀土含量在整珠植物中的占比最大。此外在不同季节,植物中的稀土含量基本保持不变,含量较高的稀土元素为Ce(0.0035%～0.020%)、La(0.0012%～0.011%)、Nd(0.0010%～0.0094%)和Pr(0.00036%～0.0046%),其中Ce最高。本研究提出:根据土壤样品中的稀土含量逐渐减少的特征,矿区周围土壤的稀土来源可能是矿石在采、选过程中的扩散造成的;根据植物富集稀土的能力,在矿山闭坑后,可种植富集稀土能力强的植物——铁花,进行矿山生物修复。  相似文献   

日照市露天开采矿山地质环境问题及恢复治理措施          下载免费PDF全文

汪继学  尹俊凯  陈鹏  张承斌 《山东国土资源》2018,34(12)

通过1∶5万矿山地质环境调查和遥感解译手段,对日照市矿山进行了全面的调查,查明各类矿山546处,主要集中在莒县和五莲县境内。除莒县刘官庄煤矿外,其余全部为露天开采矿山,主要选用直接开挖的方式,不仅破坏了地表环境,而且矿山生产活动产生的固体废弃物占用了大面积的土地。该文根据矿山地理位置及开采方式的不同,将相同类型的多个矿山划分为同一治理区,针对不同治理区的特点,采取科学有效的治理方法,建立健全矿山地质环境监督管理机制,切实解决矿山地质环境问题,改善生态环境。  相似文献   

土耳其卡赞天然碱溶采对接井堵井原因分析及修复          下载免费PDF全文

涂运中  张正元  刘海翔  刘汪威  胡汉月 《探矿工程》2020,47(8):64-71

土耳其卡赞天然碱矿由于地质条件复杂，首采层不溶物含量高，矿层倾角大，在商业开采过程中易发生堵井事故。本文以P078水平对接井组为例，介绍了其施工工艺和注采井史，分析了引起井组堵塞的原因。遵循“先易后难、降低风险、控制成本”的原则，先后进行了直井单井循环、固井泵车压井和循环泥浆清理井底等各种尝试，最后提出了分支侧钻重新连通的技术方案，并成功修复了溶采通道，恢复了井组的正常生产。并在钻井施工组织、修井设计与施工和溶采作业等方面提出了建议。该技术对类似故障井组的修复具有一定的指导作用和借鉴意义。  相似文献   

Research Progress of Geophysical Exploration in Karatungk Mine in Northern Xinjiang, China     

DU Peixiao  LI Yang  WEI Mengyi  HAN Chunming  ZHAO Liang  WU Jing 《中国地震研究》2020,34(3):311-327

Karatungk Mine in northern Xinjiang, China, which is a large-scale magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide mine in the Central Asian orogenic belt, has a long history of mining. The mine is located at the merging belt between Altay orogenic belt and Junggar Basin, and has strong tectonic activities. In recent years, mining source detection has become an important target for mineral exploration due to the difficulties in ore body exploitation. In this paper,we systematically summarize the achievements of the geophysical explorations in Karatungk Mine from various aspects, including tectonic backgrounds of the mine, dynamic mechanisms, geophysical characteristics and scientific challenges in the future. Because of the restrictions of observation density and analysis methods, the fine geometrical structure of the mine cannot be completely characterized yet. Therefore,in order to obtain the high-resolution structure and detailed spatial distribution of orebodies, researchers should focus on combining multiple geophysical methods, developing high-resolution imaging methods, and improving petro physical experiments in the future.  相似文献   

黔西南水银洞金矿涌水坑道钻探难点与对策          下载免费PDF全文

班金彭  代云鹏  谭代卫  郝海洋  付芝康  刘万龙  黄明勇  畅利民 《探矿工程》2019,46(11):14-20

针对黔西南水银洞金矿坑道钻探施工中的特大涌水钻孔，总结了该矿区坑道钻探施工难点，研究了涌水对钻进效率和岩心采取率的影响，探讨了普通取心工艺钻进时采用岩心上升系数的实践意义，提出绳索取心工艺钻进时的“泄”、“堵”、“疏”的解决思路，形成了解决该矿区Ⅰa含矿层的坑道钻探施工难点的对策，以期为类似地层条件的坑道钻探提供技术指导。  相似文献   

基于IUCN《矿山生物多样性管理系列指南》的大宝山矿生态修复实践研究     

罗明  张世文  魏洪斌  周鹏飞  周妍  陈妍  李灼超  张金桃 《地学前缘》2021,28(4):90-99

为研究矿山开采及修复过程中如何开展生物多样性管理,本文借鉴IUCN(世界自然保护联盟)发布的《矿山生物多样性管理系列指南》成果,将相关理论和方法应用到广东大宝山矿生态修复实践中。文章在介绍IUCN的“综合生物多样性管理体系”方法主要内容的基础上,将其作为大宝山矿实施生态修复依据,阐述了该管理体系在矿山生态修复工程中的应用,并结合广东大宝山矿的实际情况,提出了大宝山矿生物多样性管理的保护与修复框架,包括全周期的生物多样性管理手段,重点阐述大宝山矿生物多样性调查与监测、评价、保护与受损控制及恢复的技术方案,最后分析了对中国矿山生物多样性保护和修复的启示,IUCN矿山生物多样性管理系列指南对于指导我国矿山生态修复具有重要作用。  相似文献   

矿山地质环境评价软件的开发     

刘金涛  冯文凯 《地质灾害与环境保护》2011,22(3):100-104

为实现矿山地质环境评价的科学、快捷和实用,编制了“矿山地质环境评价系统”软件.该文介绍其理论基础、开发思路及主要功能,并通过实例介绍其应用效果.  相似文献   

Numerical modeling of water yield of mine in Yangzhuang Iron Mine,Anhui Province of China          下载免费PDF全文

YANG Yun  WU Jian-feng  LIU De-peng 《地下水科学与工程》2015,3(4):352-362

This study develops a three-dimensional heterogeneous numerical model to simulate the water inrush process and predict the water yield for mineral exploration in Yangzhuang Iron Mine in Anhui Province. To identify the hydrogeological parameters of the aquifer in the study area, the model was calibrated and validated using the observed heads through the integrated trial-and-error and automated techniques. Also, the sensitivity analysis of the model was performed to evaluate the uncertainty associated with the calibrated model. According to the mine construction plan at different mining levels of -500 m, -600 m, and -700 m, the calibrated model was then applied to predict the water yields dependent on the different mining levels. As indicated by the prediction results, the numerical simulation model can systematically describe the groundwater system in the mining area and determine the source of water inrush in this iron mine. In conclusion, numerical analyses carried out in this study can provide guidance to decision-makers in balancing the iron ore mining and mine dewatering in the future.  相似文献   

Application of portable X-ray fluorescence analyses to metabasalt stratigraphy,Plutonic Gold Mine,Western Australia     

Michael F. Gazley  Julie K. Vry  Ettienne du Plessis  Monica R. Handler 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2011

Stratigraphy, structure and host-rock chemistry are dominant controls on the location of Au in Archaean greenstone-hosted Au deposits, but the stratigraphy in such deposits is seldom obvious due to the monotonous nature of the host rocks or pervasive alteration associated with Au mineralisation. Portable, hand-held, X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometry provides a method to rapidly collect large amounts of whole-rock geochemical data that can yield new insights into both stratigraphy and Au localisation. Here we present results of pXRF analyses of samples from a representative section through Au-mineralised amphibolite-facies metabasaltic rocks at Plutonic Gold Mine, Western Australia. These data illustrate a geochemical stratigraphy in which individual lava flows can be identified on the basis of element concentrations. The most evolved basalts are at the structural base of the succession, and the least evolved at the top of the sequence, confirming previous geochemical interpretations and textural evidence that the sequence is overturned, and demonstrating for the first time that the presented section does not involve significant structural repetition. In conjunction with Au assay data, the pXRF data reveal that Au commonly occurs along basalt flow boundaries. The elemental concentration data clearly demonstrates for the first time the stratigraphic control on Au mineralisation that is not readily apparent at the macroscopic level. The methods described in this paper are readily applied, and have the potential to enhance the understanding of otherwise unclear stratigraphy and its control on mineralisation in many different types of deposits worldwide.  相似文献   

广西南丹大厂矿区地震活动特征分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姚宏  郭培兰  龙政强  牟剑英  张华 《地震》2011,31(3):112-120

本文收集了2009年12月至2010年4月广西南丹大厂矿区地震监测台网记录到的421次ML≥0.5可定位地震事件(含爆破)时空分布情况,从实际调查和波形特征分析排除爆破记录后,研究震级较大的几次矿震震源机制解,按小时段统计爆破频次与能量释放关系.结果表明,矿震断裂走向与区域构造较为一致.矿山地下开采量增加以及之前出现的...  相似文献