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1.
福建近海五种主要捕捞作业适宜捕捞力量的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
卢振彬  颜尤明 《台湾海峡》1998,17(1):104-109
本文根据福建省定置、拖、围、刺、钓五种捕捞作业在本省近海的捕捞力量和渔获量,并以1994年单位功率的渔捞效率为基准进行逐年捕捞力量的标准化,应用Schaefer和Fox两同电脑分别估算它们的fMSY和MSY。结果两处在算的fMSY和MSY的平均值是:定置网为8.90尤明等37.41万t;推网为55.88万KW,35.51万t;为桃围网为7.12万KW,10.06万t;刺网为15.19万KW,9.5  相似文献   
2.
Maximising the long term average catch of single stock fisheries as prescribed by the globally-legislated MSY objective is unlikely to ensure ecosystem, economic, social and governance sustainability unless an effort is made to explicitly include these considerations. We investigated how objectives to be maximised can be combined with sustainability constraints aiming specifically at one or more of these four sustainability pillars. The study was conducted as a three-year interactive process involving 290 participating science, industry, NGO and management representatives from six different European regions. Economic considerations and inclusive governance were generally preferred as the key objectives to be maximised in complex fisheries, recognising that ecosystem, social and governance constraints are also key aspects of sustainability in all regions. Relative preferences differed between regions and cases but were similar across a series of workshops, different levels of information provided and the form of elicitation methods used as long as major shifts in context or stakeholder composition did not occur. Maximising inclusiveness in governance, particularly the inclusiveness of affected stakeholders, was highly preferred by participants across the project. This suggests that advice incorporating flexibility in the interpretation of objectives to leave room for meaningful inclusiveness in decision-making processes is likely to be a prerequisite for stakeholder buy-in to management decisions.  相似文献   
3.
This study is targeted on policy makers and environmental scientists to illustrate the typical historical scale of depletion of our fish stocks, and what current and emerging legislation might mean for fisheries management and the metrics of fish stocks. The population demography of the Bristol Channel sole is described since 1820. Their decline in abundance, and change in length compositions, are modelled. By 2000, the mature stock had been depleted to less than 5% of its original size, and larger sole were rarely caught. The implications of maximum sustainable yield targets, and of good environmental status, are examined.  相似文献   
4.
厦门沿岸海域渔业资源变化和最适捕捞力量的估算   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
卢振彬  颜尤明 《台湾海峡》1998,17(3):309-316
本文以厦门沿岸海域历次渔业资源和生物调查及1984-1995年渔业统计资料为背景,分析了该海域渔业资源的变动,重点对文昌鱼、真鲷、鳓鱼、大黄鱼、蓝点斑马鲛、长毛对、中国鲎等重要经济种类资源变动的原因进行探讨,针对目前资源的变动趋向,指出了近期重点的保护对象和有开发潜力的种类,并以三种标准捕捞力量,应用了Schaefer和Fox两种剩余产量模式估算最大持续产量(MSY)和最知捕捞力量。估算结果MSY  相似文献   
5.
闽南-台湾浅滩海域鱼类资源生产量   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
以海洋生态系统营养动力学为理论依据,根据调查所获得的有关闽南-台湾浅滩海域的初级生产力资料,检测了该海域的浮游植物有机碳含量,测算了生态效率,检测了52种主要经济鱼类营养级及其有机碳含量.采用营养动态模型和Cushing模型估算了该海域生态系统中鱼类资源的生产量(自然生产量),同时采用Cadima模式和MSY简单模式估算鱼类资源最大可持续开发量.估算结果如下鱼类资源生产量为98.63×104t,最大可持续开发量为 48.35×104t.1997年以来实际年渔获量为48.64×104t -53.83×104t,超过了鱼类资源的最大可持续开发量,呈现过度捕捞态势.还讨论了加强该渔场渔业资源管理的7项重要措施,以促进鱼类资源的较快恢复.  相似文献   
6.
对1997-2005年长江口亲蟹汛期渔获规格和捕捞量进行了研究,并对资源量和最大持续产量进行了估算.亲蟹平均壳长、壳宽和体重分别为61 mm、66 mm和142 g,雌雄个体比例为1:2.16;同期亲蟹年均捕捞量为2.03 t,最大持续产量参考值为1.06 t.研究期内亲蟹个体规格差异过大,捕捞量变动剧烈且时间分布有前移趋势,捕捞量相关因子的年间变动没有显著规律.此外,插网作业方式应予以禁止或限制,九段沙附近水域的捕捞强度也应得到有效控制.  相似文献   
7.
One of the most important goals in current fisheries management is to maintain or restore stocks above levels that can produce the maximum sustainable yield (MSY). However, it may not be feasible to achieve MSY simultaneously for multiple species because of trade-offs that result from interactions between species, mixed fisheries and the multiple objectives of stakeholders. The premise in this study is that MSY is a concept that needs adaptation, not wholesale replacement. The approach chosen to identify trade-offs and stakeholder preferences involved a process of consulting and discussing options with stakeholders as well as scenario modelling with bio-economic and multi-species models. It is difficult to intuitively anticipate the consequences of complex trade-offs and it is also complicated to address them from a political point of view. However, scenario modelling showed that the current approach of treating each stock separately and ignoring trade-offs may result in unacceptable ecosystem, economic or social effects in North Sea fisheries. Setting FMSY as a management target without any flexibility for compromises may lead to disappointment for some of the stakeholders. To treat FMSY no longer as a point estimate but rather as a “Pretty Good Yield” within sustainable ranges was seen as a promising way forward to avoid unacceptable outcomes when trying to fish all stocks simultaneously at FMSY. This study gives insights on how inclusive governance can help to reach consensus in difficult political processes, and how science can be used to make informed decisions inside a multi-dimensional trade-off space.  相似文献   
8.
Maximum sustainable yield (MSY) has been adopted as the primary management goal by several inter-government fishery organisations, and in the United States it forms the cornerstone of federal fishery management policy. MSY became a strategic goal for the management of Europe's fisheries following the resolution of the World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002 to restore or maintain fish stocks to MSY levels by 2015. Calculation of MSY requires information on the rate at which biomass increases through growth and reproduction and the rate at which it decreases through natural mortality and fishing. Population-selection, which measures the age-specific rates of fishing mortality, is a key component for the calculation of yield as a function of fishing mortality and MSY, yet selection rarely features in either management advice or sensitivity analyses. Effective management of selection can potentially lead to increases in long-term yield, but before taking action managers need to understand what long-term increases are possible. Using a hypothetical stock, equilibrium yield curves were calculated for three scenarios in which the shape of the population-selection curve varied. The results illustrate the potential extent of variation in MSY and the corresponding fishing mortality required to achieve it (FMSY) that may result solely due to changes in population selectivity. They show that relatively subtle changes in selection can produce substantial differences in MSY and FMSY. The results are discussed with specific reference to the development of long-term management targets and the mechanisms by which managers might try to influence population-selection.  相似文献   
9.
台湾海峡及其邻近海域渔业资源的管理   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
应用Schaefer和Fox剩余产量模式及其由此衍生的生物经济模式和Gulland最适产量Y0.1模式,分别估算了台湾海峡及其邻近海域渔业资源的最大持续产量、最大持续捕捞力量,并对各模式计算的诸项经济指标进行比较,讨论了渔业管理方案,确定了近期适合国情,并对各模式计算的诸项经济指标进行比较,讨论了渔管理方案,确定了近期适合国情、省情的管理目标。  相似文献   
10.
The dismal record of fisheries management worldwide is often blamed on managers' and scientists' bigoted pursuit of the flawed Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) objective. This paper aims at clarifying that MSY has never been a key element in the EU Common Fisheries Policy (CFP), and has not been for several decades the basis of scientific advice provided in support of that policy. The recent emergence of MSY in debates about the CFP might be a rhetoric response to international pressure rather than a willing change in policy. The major danger of assigning the notorious failure of the CFP to a wrong culprit, MSY, is to distract research efforts away from investigating the real causes that likely lay in the institutional set-up. Many objections against the reference points associated with MSY, as targets or limits, are well-founded but controversies among experts, when left unbridled, just provide the opportune climate for politicians to delay actions in the direction of reduced fishing impacts on fish stocks and marine ecosystems.  相似文献   
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