苏北浅滩养殖筏架附生绿藻入海过程在黄海绿潮形成中的作用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张清春  孔凡洲  颜天  于仁成  胡晓坤  苗辉  周名江 《海洋与湖沼》2018,49(5):1014-1020

本研究采用现场定量观测为主的研究方法,在2017年5月期间对苏北浅滩竹根沙收紫菜养殖筏架作业过程进行跟踪调查;对养殖筏架绠绳附生绿藻自然脱落和收筏架作业过程人为刮落附生绿藻,以及收筏架作业前后入海的漂浮绿藻生物量进行定量观测。结果表明:筏架绳附生绿藻自然脱落率低,为3.58%±0.78%;收筏架作业过程中绠绳上刮落绿藻生物量为(12±3)kg湿重/根,由此估算2017年整个苏北浅滩刮落的生物量估算可达到万吨湿重;收筏架作业后海域漂浮绿藻生物量是作业前的7.6倍。研究结果进一步明确了收筏架作业过程中人为刮落绿藻是目前筏架附生绿藻最主要的入海方式。刮落绿藻是海水中漂浮绿藻的主要来源,其生物量对南黄海绿潮的规模大小有重要的影响。研究结果为绿潮防控措施的制定和实施提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Biosorption of Uranium Ions by Marine Macroalga Padina pavonia          下载免费PDF全文

Sule Aytas  Elif Gunduz  Cem Gok 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(4):498-506

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Terrestrial discharge influences microbioerosion and microbioeroder community structure in coral reefs     

SA Mwachireya  M Carreiro-Silva  BE Hartwick  TR McClanahan 《African Journal of Marine Science》2018,40(1):25-42

Microbioerosion rates and microbioeroder community structure were studied in four Kenyan protected coral-reef lagoons using shell fragments of Tridacna giant clams to determine their response to the influence of terrestrial run-off. Fourteen different microbioeroder traces from seven cyanobacteria, three green algae and four fungi species were identified. The river discharge-impacted reef and ‘pristine’ reef showed similar composition but higher microbioeroder abundance and total cyanobacteria- and chlorophyte-bioeroded areas when compared with the other study reefs. Cyanobacteria dominated during the north-east monsoon (NEM) relative to the south-east monsoon (SEM) season, with algae and cyanobacteria being major microbioeroders in the river-impacted and pristine reefs. The rate of microbioerosion varied between 4.3 g CaCO3 m^?2 y^?1 (SEM) and 134.7 g CaCO₃ m^?2 y^?1 (NEM), and was highest in the river-impacted reef (127.6 g CaCO₃ m^?2 y^?1), which was almost double that in the pristine reef (69.5 g CaCO₃ m^?2 y^?1) and the mangrove-fringed reef (56.2 g CaCO₃ m^?2 y^?1). The microbioerosion rates measured in this study may not be high enough to cause concern with regard to the health and net carbonate production of Kenya’s coral reefs. Nevertheless, predicted increases in the frequency and severity of stresses related to global climate change (e.g. increased sea surface temperature, acidification), as well as interactions with local disturbances and their influence on bioerosion, may be increasingly important in the future.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组长7段富有机质页岩中藻类化石的发现及地质意义     

袁伟  柳广弟  袁红旗 《地质论评》2023,69(1):365-374

鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组长7段富有机质页岩是该盆地中生界含油系统的主力烃源岩,其有机质丰度高,类型好,具有巨大的生烃潜力。该套烃源岩中有机质的富集很大程度上取决于长7期的高古生产力及其提供的充足的有机质。长7期藻类勃发的存在已被多数学者所接受,但是目前还缺乏直观、有力的证据。笔者等通过薄片和扫描电镜观察、能谱分析,在长7段的脉状黄铁矿附近和碳酸盐结核中发现了属种单一、分布丰度高的藻类化石,它们呈现出近似球状的轮廓,在中部分布着一条裂缝。这些藻类化石的发现具有重要的地质意义,它为长7期的藻类勃发提供了很好的证据,也为该时期热液活动的重要作用提供了有力的支撑。  相似文献   

城市湖泊春季绿藻水华特征及其影响因素——以宁波月湖为例     

周卢茜  裘钱玲琳  唐剑锋  徐耀阳  潘军标  王小德 《湖泊科学》2019,31(4):1023-1034

城市湖泊富营养化问题日趋严峻，以往对水华的研究多集中于大型自然淡水湖库，而对小型城市浅水湖泊的水华动态相对较少.以宁波月湖为研究对象，探讨水华暴发期间浮游植物变化特征及与影响因子之间的关系，以期判别影响城市湖泊水华的主控因子.月湖水华期间营养盐水平处于中富营养至极端富营养之间，此次共检出浮游植物8门61属，藻种组成以绿藻门（51.79%）和硅藻门（21.43%）为主，各点位浮游植物生长主要受水温、光照驱动，经历了隐藻门→硅藻门→绿藻门→蓝藻门的演替.水华种为雷氏衣藻（Chlamydomonas reinhardtii），总藻密度最高达到1.55×10⁸ cells/L，水华暴发后各点位衣藻属比例升高（最高达到81.10%），群落结构呈现单一化特征.通过Pearson相关性分析和RDA分析发现衣藻属生长与水温、pH、总磷浓度均呈显著正相关，春季气温回升、天气持续晴好，城市浅水湖泊高营养盐负荷、水体流动性差等特点为带鞭毛的衣藻属提供了适宜的生存条件，在环境条件均适宜的情况下拥有最大生长潜力的衣藻属在营养盐、光照等竞争中生长速率明显优于其他藻种，从而发生绿藻水华.  相似文献   

经济海藻病害及防控技术的研究进展     

杨慧超  李杰  阎永伟  唐磊  茅云翔  莫照兰 《海洋科学》2019,43(1):101-111

经济海藻的病害一直是海藻人工栽培的一大障碍,往往造成严重的经济损失。目前对藻类病害的研究大多集中于病原鉴定,而病原的多样性和复杂的海区微环境增加了病原分离和鉴定的难度。本文综述了经济海藻病害发生的原因、病原的多样性和致病机制、病原的鉴定、检测和防治方法,并对未来我国海藻病害研究方向进行了展望,以期对藻类病害的防控提供参考。  相似文献   

The seagrass skeletal assemblage from modern to fossil and from tropical to temperate: Insight from Maldivian and Mediterranean examples     

Marco Brandano  Laura Tomassetti  Guillem Mateu‐Vicens  Giovanni Gaglianone 《Sedimentology》2019,66(6):2268-2296

Seagrasses are marine angiosperms that form extensive submarine meadows in the photic zone where carbonate producing biota dwell as epiphytes on the leaves or as infaunal forms, and act as prolific carbonate sediment factories. Because seagrasses have a low preservation potential and records of exceptionally well‐preserved and plant material from marine settings are rare, these palaeoenvironments are difficult to identify in the rock record. Consequently, sedimentological and palaeontological proxies are the main indicators of the presence of seagrass‐dominated ecosystems. This work investigates the skeletal assemblage of Modern (Maldivian and western Mediterranean) and fossil (Eocene; Apula and Oman carbonate platforms and Oligocene; Malta platform) seagrass examples to characterize the skeletal assemblage of modern and fossil seagrasses. Two main types of grains, calcareous algae and foraminifera, constitute around 50% of the bioclastic sediment in both tropical Maldivian and temperate Mediterranean scenarios. However, in the tropical setting they are represented by green algae (Halimeda), while in the Mediterranean they are represented by corallinacean red algae. In contrast, in the Eocene examples, the foraminifera are the most conspicuous group and the green algae are also abundant. The opposite occurs in the Maltese Chattian, which is dominated by coralline algae (mean 42%), although the foraminifera are still abundant. It is suggested to use the term foralgal to identify the seagrass skeletal assemblage. To discriminate between red algae and green algae dominance, the introduction of the prefixes ‘GA’ (green algae) and ‘RA’ (red algae) is proposed. The investigated examples provide evidence that the green algae–foralgal assemblage is typical of tropical, not excessively dense seagrass meadows, characterized by a well‐illuminated substrate to support the development and calcification of the Halimeda thallus. Contrarily, the red algae‐foralgal assemblage is typical of high density tropical to subtropical seagrass meadows which create very dense oligophotic conditions on the sea floor or in temperate settings where Halimeda cannot calcify.  相似文献   

若干水华相关藻类对太湖水体异味物质贡献的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李维唯  郭康宁  刘莉文  杨荧  李继影  徐恒省  李建宏 《湖泊科学》2018,30(4):916-924

太湖水体中嗅味物质2-甲基异莰醇(MIB)和土臭素(Geo)的出现与水华发生在时间上高度重叠,为探寻水华中常见藻类与嗅味的关系,本研究通过对实验室培养藻株和野外水样比较分析,探寻了部分藻株与太湖水体嗅味物质的关系.分析实验室培养的15株蓝藻(其中11株微囊藻)、4株绿藻和4株硅藻,仅硅藻培养物测定出了Geo,所有藻株均未检测出MIB;对太湖典型水样分析结果显示,水体中MIB与Geo的浓度与微囊藻细胞浓度无相关性;实验室模拟微囊藻水华腐败结果显示,无论是好氧还是厌氧条件下均未产生MIB和Geo;这些数据结果说明湖水中MIB和Geo与水华主要种群微囊藻无直接关系.在鱼腥藻水华中测出了高浓度的MIB,周年水样分析结果显示鱼腥藻细胞数与MIB浓度变化规律一致,因此鱼腥藻可能是MIB的重要来源.但实验室培养的Anabaena sp.PCC7120无论是在缺氮还是有氮培养条件下均不产MIB和Geo,说明嗅味物质的产生具有藻株特异性.  相似文献   

Climate driven changes in the submerged macrophyte and phytoplankton community in a hard water lake     

《Limnologica》2015

We studied the changes in the submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) and phytoplankton community in a hard water lake during different meteorological conditions. We hypothesized that variations in climatic conditions (precipitation and temperature) can influence the physicochemical parameters of water and, in turn, affect SAV and phytoplankton development. The investigations were performed in Lake Rogóźno (the West Polesie region, Eastern Poland) over 10 years from 2003 to 2013. The physicochemical parameters, the structure of macrophytes and the phytoplankton community in the dry (2003–2006, DP) and wet periods (2007–2013, WP) were analyzed. Between the dry and wet periods, the water color and the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) increased considerably, whereas water conductivity decreased. Other parameters (concentration of nutrients, water reaction and transparency) were comparable during both periods. When the precipitation and water level were low (DP), charophytes dominated the SAV and cyanobacteria dominated the phytoplankton community. After the precipitation and water level increased (WP), the charophyte population declined and the vascular plants and bryophytes dominated. Furthermore, flagellated algae belonging to the dinophytes and cryptophytes were the most numerous in the phytoplankton community. These changes in the SAV and phytoplankton were linked with the variations of physicochemical parameters determined by the total precipitation and mean air temperature in March.  相似文献   

天山天池水体季节性分层特征   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

王斌  马健  王银亚  尹湘江 《湖泊科学》2015,27(6):1197-1204

于2014年6-10月,对高山深水湖泊天山天池水温、电导率、溶解氧、p H值、叶绿素a浓度和蓝绿藻细胞密度进行垂直剖面的连续监测,通过对其季节动态和垂直分层结构的分析,探讨天池水体季节性分层特征.天池出现明显水温分层的时间短(6-9月),夏季温跃层变化范围为2~18 m,而秋季温跃层不断下移,10月在18 m水深以下;受水温分层影响,天池水体溶解氧浓度、电导率、p H值、叶绿素a浓度和蓝绿藻细胞密度在垂直剖面表现出明显的季节性分层,尤其是夏季水温分层影响溶解氧浓度、叶绿素a浓度和蓝绿藻细胞密度在水体中的分布,对天池水质变化产生重要影响.天池浅水层(水深小于10 m)溶解氧浓度较高(大于8 mg/L),而深水层(水深超过18 m)溶解氧浓度9月接近4 mg/L,季节性缺氧导致底泥营养盐向上扩散,对水体水质产生不利影响.所以,应在夏、秋季节加强水质监测,以防止天池水华发生;天池叶绿素a浓度与蓝绿藻细胞密度的垂直剖面变化趋势相似,均随水深增加呈先增加后减小的趋势,但叶绿素a浓度在2~12 m水深处较高,蓝绿藻细胞密度在5~15 m水深处较高,表明5~15 m深度适合藻类生长,同时,电导率、p H值的垂直变化也说明藻类的生长情况,这为监测天池水体富营养化取样和分析提供依据.  相似文献