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ＯｂｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｏｎＵＬＦａｎｄＶＬＦｓｅｉｓｍｏ－ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃｒａｄｉａｔｉｏｎＪＩＡ－ＺＨＩＹＵＡＮ（袁家治）；ＫｏｚｏＴａｋａｈａｓｈｉ；ＳＨＵ－ＱＩＮＧＱＩＡＮ（钱书清），ＹｏｋｉｏＦｕｊｉｎａｗ... 相似文献
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Akihiro Takeuchi Hiroyuki Nagahama 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》2002,130(3-4):285-291
Fracturing and frictional sliding of quartz and granite under dry condition generates fractoluminescence, charged particle emission and electromagnetic radiation. Various kinds of experiments indicate that surface charge density on fracture or frictional slip surface of quartz and granite is 10−4 to 10−2 C/m2 which is larger than bound charges induced by the disappearance of piezoelectricity due to the release of stress. Hole and electron trapping centers, which is found in semiconductor devices with the Si–SiO2 system, are causes of surface charging on fracture or frictional slip surface of quartz crystal. The quantity of the surface charge is enough to cause corona discharge that can generate earthquake lights. The mechanism considering the hole and electron trapping centers has a probability to explain why non-piezoelectric minerals or rocks generate electromagnetic phenomena. It can be one of origins of seismo-electromagnetic phenomena (SEP). 相似文献
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法国DEMETER(Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions)卫星是世界上第一颗专门针对地震电离层扰动监测的电磁卫星, 于2004年发射, 2010年底结束运行, 共在轨飞行6.5年, 获得3万多条整轨数据, 为地震监测及电离层物理研究提供了坚实的数据基础。 全球科学家利用这颗卫星的数据开展了大量的地震应用研究, 发表文章上百篇, 将电磁卫星的地震应用研究推向了新的阶段。 中国第一颗电磁监测试验卫星CSES(China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite)于2018年2月2日成功发射, 目前已完成在轨测试并交付使用, 科学数据也已正式对外发布。 如何充分发挥CSES卫星的应用效能, 将空间电磁监测向业务化运行转化, 总结和思考DEMETER卫星的技术进步、 研究成果及曾经出现过的问题, 十分重要。 因此, 本文着重介绍DEMETER卫星在地震监测应用领域的代表性研究进展, 并结合CSES卫星的设计和运转实践, 对未来空间地震电磁探测及科学研究的发展方向进行一些初步讨论。 相似文献
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Understanding the electromagnetic response to geodynamic processes occurring in the earth's upper crust, in particular pre-seismic and seismic processes, is a challenging task in modern geophysics. There is increasing evidence that seismo-electromagnetic (SEM) phenomena are difficult to describe quantitatively by “linear” models using “averaged” parameters of the medium, such as electrical and hydraulic conductivities. Because the upper crust is highly inhomogeneous (at all scales), porous, and can be fully or partially water-saturated, the most natural way to describe its parameters is via fractal-theoretic and percolation-theoretic models.Recent studies indicate that the electrokinetic effect is the most likely driving mechanism for the various types of SEM signals. Here we considered the hydraulic, electric, and electrokinetic conductances of a porous water-saturated medium as a function of porosity () and moisture content (θ), utilizing a percolation/fractal approach. We show that the electric conductivity and electrokinetic current in such a medium are both proportional to (–c)2 and (θ–θc)2, where c and θc are the critical values of porosity and moisture content, respectively. This behavior admits the possibility of a relatively large change in the respective electric and electrokinetic parameters due to a small change in the mechanical strain field. This is significant because it may account for the appearance of some types of SEM signals at large distances from the earthquake origin, which is the main deficiency of most models. Indeed, the anticipated strain changes related to pre-earthquake processes is usually very small except near the focal area. The expected ‘averaged’ electromagnetic response also would be very small, unless a local underground water system exists, not necessarily near the focal area, but which is close to critical point(s).We discuss the conditions under which electrotelluric and geomagnetic variations can accompany mechanical disturbances in the earth's crust. 相似文献
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Frictional discharge at fault asperities: Origin of fractal seismo-electromagnetic radiation 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
To investigate the relation between the rock friction and the fractal electromagnetic radiation before the main-shock of earthquakes, we conducted a friction experiment simulating the motion of an asperity on a fault plane, and observed photon emissions due to electric discharge by dielectric breakdown of ambient gases from friction contacts between rock minerals. This indicates that frictional discharges (plasma generations) could occur locally at microscopic asperities on fault surfaces. From concepts on the fractal size-distribution and temporal evolution of fault asperities, the frictional discharge occurring at asperities on the fault plane can be one of origins of the fractal electromagnetic radiation (Benioff electromagnetic radiation) prior to earthquakes. 相似文献
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