Effects of temporal scales and space mismatches on the TRMM 3B42 v7 precipitation product in a remote mountainous area          下载免费PDF全文

Shiva Ebrahimi  Cheng Chen  Qiuwen Chen  Yinsheng Zhang  Ning Ma  Qammerul Zaman 《水文研究》2017,31(24):4315-4327

The accurate measurement of precipitation is essential to understanding regional hydrological processes and hydrological cycling. Quantification of precipitation over remote regions such as the Tibetan Plateau is highly unreliable because of the scarcity of rain gauges. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of the satellite precipitation product of tropical rainfall measuring mission (TRMM) 3B42 v7 at daily, weekly, monthly, and seasonal scales. Comparison between TRMM grid precipitation and point‐based rain gauge precipitation was conducted using nearest neighbour and bilinear weighted interpolation methods. The results showed that the TRMM product could not capture daily precipitation well due to some rainfall events being missed at short time scales but provided reasonably good precipitation data at weekly, monthly, and seasonal scales. TRMM tended to underestimate the precipitation of small rainfall events (less than 1 mm/day), while it overestimated the precipitation of large rainfall events (greater than 20 mm/day). Consequently, TRMM showed better performance in the summer monsoon season than in the winter season. Through comparison, it was also found that the bilinear weighted interpolation method performs better than the nearest neighbour method in TRMM precipitation extraction.  相似文献   

青藏高原形变对中国西部边界的影响     

张双喜  张晨  李孟奎  高冰玉 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2012,37(10):1145-1149

基于青藏高原GPS形变1991-1999年间的测量成果,通过对中尼(中国与尼泊尔)、中印(中国与印度)边界及中不(中国与不丹)边界附近GPS测站地壳水平运动速率的统计分析,运用平均速度法估算了近10a西部边境地区的形变面积。初步计算结果表明,青藏高原形变对我国西部边界存在影响,在1991-1999年之间西部边界的不均匀形变导致国土面积缩小0.37km2。  相似文献   

Effect of volatiles erupted from Mesozoic and Cenozoic volcanic activities on paleo-environmental changes in China     

Zhengfu Guo  Xiaoyu Chen  Jiaqi Liu 《Frontiers of Earth Science》2008,2(2):236-239

Based on the determination of composition of volcanic volatiles and petrologic estimation of the total mass of volatiles erupted, we showed important advances in the study of the impact of Mesozoic and Cenozoic volcanic activities on paleo-environmental changes in China. The volcanic activities include western Liaoning and Zhangjiakou Mesozoic intermediate-acidic explosive eruptions, southern Tibet and Shanwang Cenozoic volcanism, and Mt. Changbai volcanic eruption around one thousand years ago. The paper predominantly discusses the earth’s surface temperature changes, ozone depletion, acidic rain formation and mass mortalities of vertebrate induced by the Mesozoic and Cenozoic volcanism in China. __________ Translated from Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 2007, 26(4): 319–322 [译自: 矿物岩石地球化学通报]  相似文献   

青藏高原东部边缘"成都黏土"粒度记录的约500 kaBP的干旱化增强事件     

杨胜利  方小敏  史正涛  宋春晖 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2008,28(2):105-114

亚洲内陆干旱化是新生代青藏高原隆升和全球气候恶化的重要标志。对位于青藏高原东部边缘的成都黏土粒度记录的研究,及与黄土高原地区粒度记录的对比,表明该地区的粒度记录都在约500kaBP时发生了一次明显的粒度增大、粗颗粒含量增加的变化,表明东亚地区约500kaBP以来发生了一次明显的干旱化增强事件,推测青藏高原在中更新世强烈隆升进入冰冻圈,导致中下层西风环流显著分叉绕流以及随后的进一步强化,是亚洲内陆干旱化阶段性增强的重要原因。  相似文献   

利用TRMM/TMI资料反演青藏高原中部土壤湿度   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵逸舟  马耀明  黄镇  袁铁  胡晓  李英  马伟强 《高原气象》2007,26(5):952-957

用辐射传输理论提出的地表微波辐射极化指数PI的定义,分别指出了PI对土壤湿度、地面粗糙度、植被层和大气层的影响。用热带降水测量(TRMM—Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission)卫星上携带的微波辐射仪(TMI—TRMM Microwave Imager)的1B11的6年亮温数据,统计得到青藏高原中部地区PI值月平均分布。并用归一化距平,反演得到了该区域年、季以及干湿季土壤湿度变化的空间图像。结果表明,PI距平分布图可以很好地表征土壤湿度的变化,从而为大尺度评估高原土壤湿度变化提供了理论依据。另外,在同一时间段内,在已知区域平均PI值与平均土壤湿度的条件下,用归一化距平的方法可以定量反演该区域的土壤湿度。  相似文献   

藏北羌塘中部日湾茶卡组物源——LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及稀土元素特征   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

彭 虎  李 才  解超明  王 明  江庆源  陈景文 《地质通报》2014,33(11):1715-1727

在龙木错—双湖—澜沧江板块缝合带中段的冈玛错—日湾茶卡地区,近东西向展布着一条富含暖水型生物化石的早石炭世地层日湾茶卡组(C1r)。对日湾茶卡组砂岩中的碎屑锆石进行LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年,分析结果显示存在325~400Ma、400~500Ma、500~600Ma、950~1100Ma、1400~1800Ma和大于1800Ma六个年龄区间;最年轻的碎屑锆石年龄为325 Ma,时代为早石炭世维宪期;碎屑锆石中362 Ma和454Ma的年龄峰值最明显,为龙木错—双湖—澜沧江洋岛弧消减事件和加里东运动的年龄记录,表明碎屑岩的物源区主要来自于扬子大陆周缘。结合古生物化石资料可知,日湾茶卡组属于欧亚大陆扬子型石炭纪沉积地层,为岛弧环境下的一套浅水台型沉积。  相似文献   

Simulations of the Impact of Lakes on Local and Regional Climate Over the Tibetan Plateau     

Lingjing Zhu  Xin Liu  Lei Tian  Qunhui Zhang 《大气与海洋》2018,56(4):230-239

ABSTRACT

Because of the high elevation and complex topography of the Tibetan Plateau (TP), the role of lakes in the climate system over the Tibetan Plateau is not well understood. For this study, we investigated the impact of lake processes on local and regional climate using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, which includes a one-dimensional physically based lake model. The first simulation with the WRF model was performed for the TP over the 2000–2010 period, and the second was carried out during the same period but with the lakes filled with nearby land-use types. Results with the lake simulation show that the model captures the spatial and temporal patterns of annual mean precipitation and temperature well over the TP. Through comparison of the two simulations, we found that the TP lakes mainly cool the near-surface air, inducing a decreasing sensible heat flux for the entire year. Meanwhile, stronger evaporation produced by the lakes is found in the fall. During the summer, the cooling effect of the lakes decreases precipitation in the surrounding area and generates anomalous circulation patterns. In conclusion, the TP lakes cool the near-surface atmosphere most of the time, weaken the sensible heat flux, and strengthen the latent heat flux, resulting in changes in mesoscale precipitation and regional-scale circulation.  相似文献   

Early Carboniferous ophiolite in central Qiangtang,northern Tibet: record of an oceanic back-arc system in the Palaeo-Tethys Ocean     

Tian-Yu Zhang  Cai Li  Chao-Ming Xie  Ming Wang  Yan-Wang Wu 《International Geology Review》2018,60(4):449-463

Zircon U–Pb dating of two samples of metagabbro from the Riwanchaka ophiolite yielded early Carboniferous ages of 354.4 ± 2.3 Ma and 356.7 ± 1.9 Ma. Their positive zircon εHf(t) values (+7.9 to +9.9) indicate that these rocks were derived from a relatively depleted mantle. The metagabbros can be considered as two types: R1 and R2. Both types are tholeiitic, with depletion of high-field-strength elements (HFSE) and enrichment of large-ion lithophile elements (LILE) similar to those of typical back-arc basin basalts (BABB), such as Mariana BABB and East Scotia Ridge BABB. Geochemical and isotopic characteristics indicate that the R1 metagabbro originated from a back-arc basin spreading ridge with addition of slab-derived fluids, whereas the R2 metagabbro was derived from a back-arc basin mantle source, with involvement of melts and fluids from subducted ocean crust. The Riwanchaka ophiolite exhibits both mid-ocean ridge basalts- and arc-like geochemical affinities, consistent with coeval ophiolites from central Qiangtang. Observations indicate that the Qiangtang ophiolites developed during the Late Devonian–early Carboniferous (D₃–C₁) in a back-arc spreading ridge above an intra-oceanic subduction zone. Based on our data and previous studies, we propose that an oceanic back-arc basin system existed in the Longmuco–Shuanghu–Lancang Palaeo-Tethys Ocean during the D₃–C₁ period.  相似文献   

LATE PLEISTOCENE—HOLOCENE RAPID UPLIFT AND EROSION IN TIBET: CONSTRAINTS FROM COSMOGENIC EXPOSURE AGE DATA     

Kewal K.Sharma 《地学前缘》2000,(Z1)

LATE PLEISTOCENE—HOLOCENE RAPID UPLIFT AND EROSION IN TIBET: CONSTRAINTS FROM COSMOGENIC EXPOSURE AGE DATA1　CopelandP ,HarrisonTM ,KiddWSF ,etal.RapidearlyMioceneaccelerationofupliftintheGangdeseBelt,Xizang(southernTibet) ,anditsbearingonaccommodationmechanismsoftheIndian Asiacollision[J].EarthPlanetSciLett,1987,86 :2 40～ 2 5 2 . 2　FieldingEJ .Tibetupliftanderosion[J].Tectonophysics,1994,2 6 0 :5 5～ 84. 3　HarrisonTM ,CopelandP ,Ki…  相似文献   

青藏铁路管道通风试验路基地温变化及热状况分析   总被引：9，自引：6，他引：3  

牛富俊  俞祁浩  赖远明 《冰川冻土》2003,25(6):614-620

基于青藏铁路北麓河试验段管道通风路基在2个冻融循环周期内的地温监测资料，分析了路基温度的发展、温度场分布特征及多年冻土的热流量变化．结果表明：通风管埋设于路堤中部的路基温度变化和发展情况与一般路基类似，路基在施工后的2个冻融周期内仍处于整体升温的过程；通风管埋设于路堤下部的路基，虽然前2个冻融循环周期内土体温度与原始状态相比同样有所升高，但开始出现逐渐降低的趋势，同时地温场的分布在横向上的对称性也比较好，在热交换方面，一般填土路基和通风管位于路堤中部的路基在施工后的前2个冻融循环周期内一直处于吸热过程，而通风管位于路堤下部的路基在经历了第1个周期的持续吸热过程后，在第2个冻融循环周期内已经开始放热。  相似文献