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在室内航,卫片解释及野外１：５万大比例尺活断层地质填图等专项研究的基础上,论证了１９２７年古浪８级大震主发震断裂皇城－双塔断裂带的几何分段及运动学特征。依据断层的几何特征,活动时期,活动强度可将该断裂带分为３段,分别为皇城盆地段（西段）、上寺段（中段）和冬青顶段（东段）。其中东段是古浪地震的发震段,与西段和中段相比,它具有活动时代新、活动强度大等特点,属全新世活动段。１９２７年古浪地震的发生与其特 相似文献
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Spatial data for landslide susceptibility, hazard, and vulnerability assessment: An overview 总被引：30，自引：0，他引：30
The aim of this paper is to discuss a number of issues related to the use of spatial information for landslide susceptibility, hazard, and vulnerability assessment. The paper centers around the types of spatial data needed for each of these components, and the methods for obtaining them. A number of concepts are illustrated using an extensive spatial data set for the city of Tegucigalpa in Honduras. The paper intends to supplement the information given in the “Guidelines for Landslide Susceptibility, Hazard and Risk Zoning for Land Use Planning” by the Joint ISSMGE, ISRM and IAEG Technical Committee on Landslides and Engineered Slopes (JTC-1). The last few decades have shown a very fast development in the application of digital tools such as Geographic Information Systems, Digital Image Processing, Digital Photogrammetry and Global Positioning Systems. Landslide inventory databases are becoming available to more countries and several are now also available through the internet. A comprehensive landslide inventory is a must in order to be able to quantify both landslide hazard and risk. With respect to the environmental factors used in landslide hazard assessment, there is a tendency to utilize those data layers that are easily obtainable from Digital Elevation Models and satellite imagery, whereas less emphasis is on those data layers that require detailed field investigations. A review is given of the trends in collecting spatial information on environmental factors with a focus on Digital Elevation Models, geology and soils, geomorphology, land use and elements at risk. 相似文献
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Rain-induced debris and mudflow triggering factors assessment in the Santiago cordilleran foothills,Central Chile 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Debris and mudflows are some of the main geological hazards in the mountain foothills of the Chilean capital city of Santiago.
There, the risk of flows triggered in the basins of ravines that drain the range into the city increases with time due to
the city growth. A multivariate statistical study based on the logistic regression method is presented. The model provides
equations that allow the computation of combined meteorological triggering factors associated with a probability of rain-induced
flow occurrence. Daily rainfall, accumulated rainfall and the snowfall level, traditionally considered as the relevant factors,
are analysed for a 25-year period. The results show a strong relevance of the rainfall on the day of the flow event over the
other factors. However, the relatively low probabilities returned for some real flow events suggest that the model does not
capture all the significant variables and the problem is more complex than as it has been traditionally assumed, and further
investigations are needed to develop predictive models of flow triggering. 相似文献
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遥感技术在三峡库区千将坪滑坡研究中的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
2003年7月13日，三峡库区湖北省秭归县沙镇溪镇千将坪村发生特大型滑坡灾害后，利用先进的数字遥感技术，结合滑坡前
后的高分辨率的遥感数据、地形图资料和野外所测的GPS控制点，制作出研究区滑坡前后的数字高程模型(DEM)，同时采用合理的图
像处理技术，获得了滑坡前后正射影像图。利用三维可视化技术，采用人机交互解译滑坡，详细的对比解译滑坡前后的影像，分别
对滑体的滑动方向、距离和堆积体面积进行了定量计算，结合勘查资料估算出其体积约为1 500万方，综合地质学、灾害学原理和
地理空间信息技术等科学分析了千将坪滑坡的形成条件，认为千将坪在“7.13”滑坡之前为一特大型顺层古滑坡，而“7.13”滑坡
是古滑坡的大规模复活，三峡库区蓄水和降雨综合作用是促使滑坡复活的主要诱发因素。 相似文献
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1966～1976年华北地震的时间特性及相关触发因素 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
阐述了１９６６～１９７６年华北地震的时间特性及其相关触发因素－－地球自转和引潮力。这是３００年来华北地区发生的最强烈的一组地震,强震发生的时间有一个共同的特性;在年尺度上大多数地震发生在季节性地球自转速度极在值或极小值时间点附近,即极点附近（或称极点时段）,在月惊工上多数地震发生在朔望附近（或称朔望时段）,在日尺度上半数地震发生在极大水平引潮力时刻附近。表明这些地震与地球自转和日月引潮力关系密切。 相似文献
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Irene Sarkar 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2004,22(5):529
The moderate magnitude Chamoli earthquake that occurred in the Garhwal Higher Himalaya, in the early hours of March 29, 1999, caused intense damage to the ground and mountain slopes of the Alaknanda–Mandakini river valley and adjoining region. A systematic survey of this induced damage was conducted immediately after the earthquake occurred. Prominent shallow cracks of significant length, negligible width and indeterminate vertical extent, conspicuously tensile in nature, with little or no slip across the crack planes, were observed in the ground at several places along the surveyed route. These cracks had formed in the dynamic phase of the Chamoli earthquake process that is in the period of time during which the earthquake-generated seismic waves were passing through the geographic region of interest. However, we use the theory of earthquake-induced static (or long time) stress changes to visualize such cracks at some selected sites where ground damage was relatively more intense and varied to suggest lower bound estimates of the dynamic stress contributions of the main shock for their formation.Based on the results of our analysis we conclude that, just prior to the earthquake occurrence, under the influence of the local ambient stress field, the ground at these sites was already near failure in tension. To this, in its dynamic phase, the Chamoli earthquake induced stress perturbations, having, across the planes of the cracks, (i) shear components which were nearly equal and opposite to similar components of the ambient stress field and (ii) normal (tensile) components, necessary for triggering tensile failure of the ground. The σ3 (or minimum principal stress) component of the resultant perturbed failure stress field thus became sufficiently tensile while the transverse stresses became sufficiently insignificant. This facilitated formation of major tensile cracks in the ground there. Our static estimates of the tensile stress changes at the different sites are, in essence, estimates of the minimal triggering stress perturbations that was provided by the Chamoli earthquake in the dynamic state for the formation of the tensile cracks there. 相似文献
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本文收集了苍山地震周围断层的几何参数和运动学参数, 选择不同的接受断层, 研究了苍山地震库仑应力变化对余震及周边断层活动的影响。 结果表明, 苍山地震正的库仑应力变化对余震活动有促进作用, 大部分苍山余震分布于库仑应力变化增加区域, 应力增加量值为0.003~0.005 MPa。 通过对比该地区苍山地震前后16年的地震资料, 发现苍山地震正的库仑应力变化对苍山断裂附近地震活动增强亦有一定的促进作用, 而对于周边其他断层, 由于距离较远, 库仑应力变化量较小, 苍山地震库仑应力变化的影响可以忽略。 相似文献