Predicting groundwater level of wells in the Diyala River Basin in eastern Iraq using artificial neural network          下载免费PDF全文

Abdulrahman Th Mohammad  Qassem H Jalut  Nadia L Abbas 《地下水科学与工程》2020,8(1):87-96

Al-Mansourieh zone is a part of Al-Khalis City within the province of Diyala and located in the Diyala River Basin in eastern Iraq with a total area about 830 km2.Groundwater is the main water source for agriculture in this zone.Random well drilling without geological and hydraulic information has led the most of these wells to dry up quickly.Therefore,it is necessary to estimate the levels of groundwater in wells through observed data.In this study,Alyuda NeroIntelligance 2.1 software was applied to predict the groundwater levels in 244 wells using sets of measured data.These data included the coordinates of wells(x,y),elevations,well depth,discharge and groundwater levels.Three ANN structures(5-3-3-1,5-10-10-1 and 5-11-11-1)were used to predict the groundwater levels and to acquire the best matching between the measured and ANN predicted values.The coefficient of correlation,coefficient determination(R2)and sum-square error(SSE)were used to evaluate the performance of the ANN models.According to the ANN results,the model with the three structures has a good predictability and proves more effective for determining groundwater level in wells.The best predictor was achieved in the structure 5-3-3-1,with R2 about 0.92,0.89,0.84 and 0.91 in training,validation,testing and all processes respectively.The minimum average error in the best predictor is achieved in validation and testing processes at about 0.130 and 0.171 respectively.On the other hand,the results indicated that the model has the potential to determine the appropriate places for drilling the wells to obtain the highest level of groundwater.  相似文献   

Rapid shoreline flooding enhances water turbidity by sediment resuspension: An example in a large Tibetan lake     

Huan Mi  Cédric G. Fichot  Karin R. Bryan  Gang Qiao  Sergio Fagherazzi 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2020,45(15):3780-3790

Rapid water level rise due to climate change has the potential to remobilize loose sediments along shorelines and increase the turbidity of nearshore waters, thereby impacting water quality and aquatic ecosystem health. Siling Lake is one of the largest and most rapidly expanding lakes on the Tibetan Plateau. Between 2000 and 2017, this lake experienced an increase in water level of about 8 m and a doubling in water turbidity. Here, using this lake as a study site, we used a wave model and high-resolution remote sensing of turbidity (Landsat-8) to assess the potential connection between water-level rise, enhanced wind-driven sediment resuspension and water turbidity. Our analysis revealed that strong bottom shear stresses triggered by wind-generated waves over newly flooded areas were related to an increase in water turbidity. The spatial variability of Siling Lake turbidity showed a strong dependence on local wind characteristics and fetch. Two factors combined to drive the increase in turbidity: (1) high wave energy leading to high bottom shear stresses, and (2) flooding of unvegetated shallow areas. Using a new relationship between wave energy and turbidity developed here, we expect the increase in turbidity of Siling Lake to taper off in the near future due to the steep landscape surrounding the lake that will prevent further flooding. Our results imply that rising water levels along the coast are not only expected to influence terrestrial ecosystems but could also change water quality. The methodology presented herein could be applied to other shorelines affected by a rapid increase in water level. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

松科二井邻域沙河子组含油气地层结构特征——基于测井和地震数据的分析          下载免费PDF全文

符伟  侯贺晟  张交东  刘财  冯晅  卢占武 《中国地质》2019,46(5):1052-1060

松辽盆地大陆深部科学钻探工程"松科二井"获得了最完整的沙河子组地层岩心,初步识别出深部页岩气气测异常43层,累计厚度102 m,显示出沙河子组地层具有良好的深部能源前景。为进一步分析松辽盆地沙河子组地层油气资源潜力,本文在前人研究的基础上,结合松科二井测井、岩心数据和地震数据,分析松科二井邻域沙河子组地层的层序特征和空间展布,同时以随钻录井记录到的气测异常为出发点,分析沙河子组地层的测井和地震响应。结果显示:松科二井邻域沙河子组地层具有厚度大、横向延续小的地层展布特点,根据测井、岩心及地震数据,将沙河子组地层分为4个三级层序:SQ1、SQ2、SQ3和SQ4,其中顶部SQ4层序具有较好的油气前景,其岩性以泥岩为主,并具有相对较高孔隙度、低波阻抗的测井曲线特征,在地震剖面上表现为连续强振幅,阻抗反演剖面上存在局部低波阻抗特征,揭示了该区沙河子组深层天然气资源的赋存条件。  相似文献   

浮力下管技术在天津东丽CGSD01地热调查井中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

许本冲  和国磊  宋志彬  马汉臣  秦如雷 《探矿工程》2019,46(4):14-17

CGSD01井是中国地质调查局部署在天津市东丽区的一口4000 m深的地热调查井，对天津东丽湖地区深层地热资源评价具有重要意义，对成井质量要求较高。中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所结合“4000 m地质岩心钻探成套技术装备”项目成果XD40型钻机试验，在钻机钩载能力较小的情况下，创新性地采用浮力下管技术完成了该井一开直径3397 mm深度达1467 m的套管下入作业，为后续施工打下了良好的基础。本文介绍了浮力下管技术的理论分析和实际应用。  相似文献   

Analytical model of well leakage pressure perturbations in a closed aquifer system     

《Advances in water resources》2014

Deep saline aquifers are commonly used for disposal and storage of various surface fluids. The target injection zone must be hydraulically isolated from overlying zones in order to ensure containment of the injected fluids. Improperly plugged nonoperational abandoned wells that penetrate the injection zone are the main potential leakage pathways. Leakage through such wells may cause an observable pressure signal in a zone overlying the injection zone; such a signal can be used to detect the leakage. In this paper we develop an analytical model to evaluate the pressure change induced by leakage through a well in a multilayer system. Unlike previous analytical models on the topic, our model uses a closed system, which may significantly affect the strength and behavior of the pressure signal induced by leakage. The analytical model is first presented for a two-layer system centered at the leaky well location. We evaluate the leakage-induced pressure change using the Laplace transform of Duhamel’s superposition integral, yielding the solution in the Laplace domain. We then derive a late-time asymptotic solution using the final value theorem, which suggests that the leakage rate becomes constant after sufficient time. We then obtain the multilayer solution by extending the two-layer solution and presenting it in matrix form in the Laplace domain. We apply the solution to three examples. In the first example, we apply the analytical model to a two-layer system, investigating its behavior and comparing the results with a numerical solution. In order to demonstrate behavior and potential applications of the multilayer analytical model, we present two multilayer examples: one with identical layers and another, replicating a CO₂ storage site, with dissimilar layers. The leakage-induced pressure change does not necessarily decrease as the distance increases from the injection zone toward the surface.  相似文献   

黔北地区奥陶纪—志留纪之交黑色页岩地球化学特征及意义——以贵州道真道页1井为例     

安亚运  杨忠琴  向坤鹏  黄艺  陈厚国  贺永忠  刘伟  余谦 《地质论评》2021,67(4):67041105-67041118

奥陶纪—志留纪之交是华南被动大陆边缘盆地向前陆盆地演化的重要转折时期,形成广泛分布的五峰组—龙马溪组黑色页岩。为进一步探讨该套黑色页岩的形成背景,以黔北地区道页1井为例,开展沉积序列和地球化学研究。研究结果表明:五峰组及龙马溪组底部主要为硅质碳质页岩,夹多层斑脱岩,U/Th为0.2～2.90,V/Cr为1.18～14.34,Ni/Co为2.31～11.59,TOC为0.68%～5.91%,平均3.76%,稀土配分曲线为平坦型,δEu以弱正异常为主、个别为弱负异常;龙马溪上部及新滩组主要由泥岩及钙质泥岩组成,U/Th为0.16～0.23,V/Cr为0.88～1.79,Ni/Co为1.77～3.91,TOC为0.1%～0.84%,δEu以明显负异常为主,表现出低斜率右倾型稀土配分曲线。以上特征表明五峰组及龙马溪组底部形成于间歇性缺氧的还原环境,龙马溪组上部及新滩组为富氧环境。结合斑脱岩的分布特征综合分析认为,五峰组及龙马溪组底部页岩是汇聚背景下前陆盆地早期沉积的产物,强烈火山作用给大陆边缘海带来营养元素,刺激初级生产力的增加,造成水体迅速缺氧,可能是造成同期海底缺氧的主要诱因。  相似文献   

二叠系火山碎屑岩气藏天然气地球化学特征及气源分析——以四川盆地成都—简阳地区永探1井为例     

田兴旺  罗冰  孙奕婷  刘冉  李亚  陈延贵  周春林  汪华  李亚丁  王尉  王云龙  杨岱林 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2021,51(2):325-335

2018年12月底,在四川盆地二叠系火山岩发育地区部署的风险探井永探1井测试获得22.5万m³/d的高产工业气流,实现了二叠系火山碎屑岩的重大勘探突破,展现了火山碎屑岩气藏的巨大勘探潜力。本文根据该钻井成果资料,应用分析化验数据,采用不同地区气-气对比方法,开展了成都—简阳地区天然气地球化学特征分析、源-储接触关系解剖及气源综合对比。在此基础上,对二叠系火山碎屑岩气藏天然气成因进行了鉴别,对天然气来源进行了判识。结果表明：永探1井火山岩气藏天然气均为典型的干气,干燥系数达0.997,CH₄质量分数高,平均为99.03%,C₂H₆质量分数低,平均为0.35%,C₃H₈几乎没有,不含H₂S;天然气甲烷、乙烷碳同位素值均较轻,甲烷碳同位素平均值为-32.17‰,乙烷碳同位素平均值为-34.27‰,且岩心及镜下可见大量残余沥青,天然气成因鉴别分析表明永探1井火山岩气藏天然气为原油二次裂解气;通过源-储接触关系解剖以及天然气甲烷、乙烷碳同位素对比分析,表明永探1井火山碎屑岩气藏天然气主要来源于德阳—安岳台内裂陷内发育的巨厚下寒武统筇竹寺组优质烃源岩,部分来源于中二叠统。  相似文献   

四川盆地开江地区WT1井震旦系陡山沱组物源分析及构造背景判断^*     

和源  文龙  罗冰  周刚  王启宇  李堃宇  贾敏  陈友莲  白晓亮 《古地理学报》2021,23(4):683-702

为厘清四川盆地开江地区WT1井震旦系陡山沱组地层发育的构造背景,重塑其原型沉积盆地,为重建古地理及油气进一步勘探部署工作提供科学依据,利用岩石学、岩石地球化学及碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学手段对该井陡山沱组物源进行了分析。岩石地化结果表明WT1井陡山沱组沉积物源岩为中基性火山岩类且经历了中等程度化学风化作用;碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄主要记录了915~850Ma、794~714.5Ma以及622~700Ma 3个阶段的构造岩浆活动,与扬子克拉通北缘及邻区Rodinia超大陆的裂解演化过程有关,该构造活动背景下的中基性火山岩是WT1井陡山沱组沉积的主要物质来源。结果表明四川盆地开江地区的陡山沱组发育于拉张伸展构造背景,属克拉通内裂陷盆地沉积,有利于烃源岩层的发育;同时为Rodinia超大陆的裂解演化过程提供了重要的年代学演化证据。该成果对深入认识四川盆地的地质结构、沉积-构造演化以及油气勘探的战略部署等具有极为重要的科学意义。  相似文献   

Environmental governance through “Speaking Like an Indigenous State” and respatializing resources: Ethical livelihood concepts in Bolivia as versatility or verisimilitude?     

《Geoforum》2015

This research addresses recent environmental governance in Bolivia through its relations to indigeneity and respatializations. It introduces and develops the concept of “speaking like an indigenous state” to examine the Bolivian state’s recent use of a pair of indigenous linguistic concepts, Living Well and Earth Mother, representing the identities of citizens and their rights to resources and livelihoods. State relations to indigenous social movements highlight the use of Living Well and Earth Mother concepts through accommodation, resistance, and protaganism. Six active issues of environmental governance are examined: (1) climate change and justice movement; (2) agrarian reform, agrobiodiversity, and food justice; (3) water resources; (4) indigenous territories; (5) Protected Areas; and (6) extractive industries (mining, hydrocarbons). The usages of Living Well and Earth Mother show versatility as they have been mobilized in the respatializing of the politics and social-power dynamics of environmental issues at scales of the state, global and international institutions, and community and local levels. Analysis also reveals deployment of Living Well and Earth Mother that is discursively influential and yet conceptually reduced and unevenly applied, thus suggesting a characteristic of verisimilitude. My analysis determines that respatialization at various levels, including territorial transitions of sub-national regional spaces, are associated with the heightened articulation of environmental governance through indigeneity and “speaking like an indigenous state” amid resource nationalism. Linkages and logics operating within this conjuncture differ from the prevailing interpretation of the Bolivian state’s use of Living Well and Earth Mother as solely an unwitting contradiction or instrumentalist camouflage.  相似文献   

“井水不犯河水”水文地质学含义初步探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘元章  武强  刘久荣  林沛  邢立亭  刘守强 《地下水》2011,(6):122-127

利用水化学及同位素水文地质学的方法,对密云水库、潮白河及位于潮白河边的2个地下水分层专门监测井进行取样测试,并结合收集相关资料,从水位、水质及氚、氘、氧-18等同位素方面进行分析研究,对中国古语“井水不犯河水”的水文地质学方面的含义进行了一定的微观层次的分析探讨.得出研究点处潮白河水对50 m外的25 m深的浅井井水有...  相似文献