Element Abundance Analysis of HD 140283 and Astrophysics Sources of Weak r-process Elements     

MA Wen-juan  LI Hong-jie  Zhang Lu  ZHANG Bo 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2021,45(1):58-66

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不同气候模态下西北太平洋秋刀鱼资源丰度预测模型建立   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘祝楠  陈新军 《海洋学报》2018,40(6):74-82

秋刀鱼（Cololabis saira）资源对海洋环境因素极为敏感，不同气候模态可能对秋刀鱼资源丰度产生不同的影响。根据1990-2014年西北太平洋日本的秋刀鱼渔业中单位捕捞努力量渔获量（CPUE，以此作为资源丰度），以及相应产卵场、索饵场的海表温（SST）遥感数据，探讨太平洋年际震荡（PDO）指数冷、暖年下，秋刀鱼资源丰度CPUE变化与产卵场、索饵场SST的关系，并分别建立资源丰度的预测模型。研究表明，PDO冷年索饵场4月SST与年CPUE显著相关（P<0.05），PDO暖年索饵场11月的SST与年标准化CPUE显著相关（P<0.05）。PDO冷、暖年的秋刀鱼资源丰度的预测模型中，CPUE均与索饵场11月的SST、索饵场4月SST呈现正相关的关系，统计学上为显著相关（P<0.05）。PDO冷年（2012年）和PDO暖年（2014年）的CPUE预测值与实际值相对误差分别为14.03%、-16.26%，具有较好的拟合效果。研究认为，不同气候模态下，可用于秋刀鱼资源丰度预测的环境因子不同，上述建立资源丰度模型可用于业务化运行。  相似文献   

Rare earth elements and yttrium in ferromanganese deposits from the South China Sea: distribution, composition and resource considerations     

ZHONG Yi  CHEN Zhong  GONZALEZ Francisco Javier  ZHENG Xufeng  LI Gang  LUO Yun  MO Aibin  XU Antao  WANG Shuhong 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(7):41-54

Ferromanganese nodules and crusts contain relatively high concentration of rare earth elements(REE) and yttrium(REY),with a growing interest in exploitation as an alternative to land-based REY resources.On the basis of comprehensive geochemical approach,the abundance and distribution of REY in the ferromanganese nodules from the South China Sea are analyzed.The results indicate that the REY contents in ferromanganese deposits show a clear geographic regularity.Total REY contents range from 69.1×10~(–6) to 2 919.4×10~(–6),with an average value of 1 459.5×10~(–6).Especially,the enrichment rate of Ce content is high,accounting for almost 60% of the total REY.This REE enrichment is controlled mainly by the sorption of ferromanganese oxides and clay minerals in the nodules and crusts.Moreover,the total REY are higher in ferromanganese deposits of hydrogenous origin than of diagenetic origin.Finally,Light REE(LREE) and heavy REE(HREE) oxides of the ferromanganese deposits in the study area can be classified into four grades: non-enriched type,weakly enriched type,enriched type,and extremely enriched type.According to the classification criteria of rare earth resources,the Xisha and Zhongsha platform-central deep basin areas show a great potential for these rare earth metals.  相似文献   

莱州湾和牟平近海夏季小型底栖生物群落组成及环境状况分析     

蒲思潮  史本泽  张光涛  徐奎栋 《海洋科学》2018,42(4):101-111

为探究莱州湾和牟平近海小型底栖生物群落组成及影响因子,作者于2016年7月在这两个海域采集了沉积物样品,并结合沉积环境因子进行了小型底栖生物群落组成分析。结果表明,在莱州湾和牟平近海各仅检获了7个小型底栖生物类群,且莱州湾的小型底栖生物平均丰度和生物量均明显低于牟平近岸海域。莱州湾线虫和桡足类平均丰度分别占小型底栖生物的91.9%和6.3%,牟平近海分别占92.1%和4.2%。对两个海域小型底栖生物群落组成与环境因子进行Pearson相关性分析,结果显示:小型底栖生物丰度与底层水溶解氧含量呈显著正相关;表层小型底栖生物丰度比与沉积物中叶绿素a含量、脱镁叶绿素含量、沉积物有机质含量以及水深呈显著正相关,与中值粒径和底层水温度呈显著负相关。本研究显示,基于不同沉积物类型中的参考比值,线虫和桡足类丰度比值(N/C)可用于莱州湾和牟平近海沉积环境有机污染状况的评估。研究还发现,牟平海域的小型底栖生物丰度和生物量呈现由近岸向外海增加的异常趋势,且小型底栖生物的数量和类群多样性较十年前显著降低,显示沉积环境受到了明显干扰。  相似文献   

莱州湾大型底栖动物群落结构及其动态变化特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

袁伟  王俊  左涛  牛明香  栾青杉  时永强  孙坚强 《海洋学报》2020,42(6):52-61

本文以莱州湾2009年夏季(8月)、秋季(10月)及2010年春季(5月)、夏季(8月)4个季节大型底栖动物资料为基础，对莱州湾大型底栖动物的种类组成、丰度、生物量、优势种进行了研究，同时与历史资料进行对比，探讨了莱州湾大型底栖动物的群落结构特征及动态变化。4个航次中共鉴定出大型底栖动物272种，其中包括环节动物多毛类122种，软体动物46种，甲壳动物64种，棘皮动物18种，鱼类9种，其他类13种。调查海域平均丰度为(1102.56 ± 216.32) ind./m2, 多毛类在丰度上占绝对优势；平均生物量为(28.16 ± 8.45) g/m2，软体动物占据优势。丰度和生物量空间分布规律具有很强的相似性，低值区位于莱州湾西部黄河口邻近海域，高值区位于渤海中部海域。丰度和生物量季节变化明显，夏季最高，秋季其次，春季最低。多毛类不倒翁虫(Sternaspis sculata)、寡鳃齿吻沙蚕(Nephthys oligobranchia)、紫壳阿文蛤(Alvenius ojianus)等是莱州湾调查海域的优势种。通过与历史资料的对比发现，莱州湾大型底栖动物种类组成及优势种类出现小型化的趋势。  相似文献   

高光谱遥感影像混合像元分解研究进展   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

蓝金辉  邹金霖  郝彦爽  曾溢良  张玉珍  董铭巍 《遥感学报》2018,22(1):13-27

受高光谱成像仪低空间分辨率及复杂地物的影响,高光谱遥感图像存在大量混合像元。为提高地表分类精度以及满足亚像元级目标探测的需求,混合像元分解技术一直是高光谱遥感研究热点之一。本文主要对高光谱混合像元分解技术中的核心问题:端元数目估计、端元提取算法、丰度估计算法进行综述,系统地分析了各种典型算法的原理及优缺点,进一步阐述研究过程中建立高精度遥感混合反演模型与遥感产品业务化中的混合像元分解技术难题,同时针对今后混合像元分解技术发展方向,指出在继续引入新型算法理论方法基础上,结合用户应用需求,推进高光谱混合像元分解算法业务化应用,为高光谱遥感工程化应用提供支持。  相似文献   

华南上泥盆统法门阶哲杜斯贝动物群的埋藏学和居群动力学特征^*          下载免费PDF全文

李彤  董琳  袁志伟  凌坤  甯濛  秦树健  杨润宇  刘威  聂婷  李辰卿  孙元林 《古地理学报》2021,23(6):1210-1224

哲杜斯贝是一种以高丰度和低物种分异度为显著特征、在全球广泛独立分布的小嘴贝类。笔者对华南台地相和台间盆地相5个含哲杜斯贝类上泥盆统剖面进行沉积环境和埋藏特征研究,确定华南哲杜斯贝类的原生沉积环境为台地的正常浅水,这与美国和摩洛哥生长在冷泉环境中的哲杜斯贝不同,表明其既可在浅海环境中生长,也可以在冷泉环境中生长,具有较强的生态可塑性。台地相(原地埋藏)的3个哲杜斯贝种群具有以下特征:(1)均呈现出壳体呈层状紧密堆积、集群生长特点,丰度极高,并且有相当数量的个体呈现出由于拥挤生长而导致的壳体生长畸形现象;(2)缺乏其他底栖后生生物,显示了极低的生物多样性;(3)壳体大小—频率分布和生存曲线揭示了3个哲杜斯贝种群都具有非常低的幼年期死亡率特点,同时同一介壳层内哲杜斯贝个体大小均一,表明绝大多数的个体能够达到或接近自然寿命后死亡。上述证据表明,哲杜斯贝具有密集群居生活的习性,其生活在一个独特的、不适合其他后生底栖生物生存的环境。  相似文献   

Microplastic pollution in surface water and sediments of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: Current status and causes     

《China Geology》2021,4(1):178-184

To study the current status and causes of the microplastic pollution in surface water of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, this paper compared the average microplastic abundance in sediments and surface water of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the results are as follows. First, the average microplastic abundance in surface water of the independent rivers and the whole area is 247–2686 items/m³ and 856 items/m³, respectively. The average microplastic abundance in sediments of independent rivers or lakes and the whole area is 0–933 items/m² and 362 items/m², respectively. Meanwhile, the degree of microplastic pollution in river sediments is higher than that in lake sediments, and the rivers suffering from microplastic pollution mainly include the Brahmaputra River, Tongtian River, and Nujiang River. Second, compared with the microplastic pollution in other areas of the world, the levelof microplastic pollution in the lakes and rivers of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau is not lower than that of well-developed areas with more intensive human activities. Finally, this study suggests that relevant government departments of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau should strengthen waste management strategies while developing tourism and that much attention should be paid to the impacts of microplastics in the water environment.©2021 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

Species Abundance Distribution Patterns of a Toona ciliata Community in Xingdoushan Nature Reserve     

WANG Yang  ZHU Shengjie  LI Jie  HE Xiuling  JIANG Xiongbo  ZHANG Min 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2019,10(5):494-503

With the goal of model fitting species abundance distribution patterns of the tree, shrub and herb layers of the natural Toona ciliata community in Xingdoushan Nature Reserve, Enshi Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei Province, we used the data collected from the field survey and employed different ecological niche models. The models tested were the broken stick model (BSM), the overlapping niche model (ONM) and the niche preemption model (NPM), as well as three statistic models, the log-series distribution model (LSD), the log-normal distribution model (LND) and the Weibull distribution model (WDM). To determine the fitted model most suitable to each layer, the fitting effects were judged by criteria of the lowest value of Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Chi-square and the K-S values with no significant difference (P>0.05) between the theoretical predictions and observed species abundance distribution values. The result showed: (1) The fitting suitability and goodness of fit of the tree, shrub and herb layers by using the three ecological niche models were ranked as: NPM>BSM>ONM. Of the three statistical models, by accepting the fitting results of the three layers, WDM was the best fitting model, followed by LND. By rejecting the fitting tests of the herb layer, LSD had the worst fitting effect. The goodness of the statistical models was ranked as: WDM>LND>LSD. In general, the statistical models had better fitting results than the ecological models. (2) T. ciliata was the dominant species of the tree layer. The species richness and diversity of the herb layer were much higher than those of either the tree layer or the shrub layer. The species richness and diversity of the shrub layer were slightly higher than those of the tree layer. The community evenness accorded to the following order: herb>shrub>tree. Considering the fitting results of the different layers, different ecological niche models or statistical models with optimal goodness of fit and ecological significance can be given priority to in studying the species abundance distribution patterns of T. ciliata communities.  相似文献   

银河系铝元素丰度研究     

马文娟  李宏杰  张波 《天文学报》2019,60(5):15-21

恒星的Al元素丰度可以为探索星团和星系的化学演化提供重要线索.通过系统分析银河系薄盘、厚盘、核球、银晕以及M4、M5等球状星团中恒星的[Al/Fe]随恒星金属丰度[Fe/H]的变化趋势,得出银河系薄盘、厚盘和核球恒星的[Al/Fe]随着[Fe/H]的增加而缓慢下降,而球状星团M4和M5恒星的[Al/Fe]随[Fe/H]增加没有下降趋势,这暗示Ia超新星对M4和M5恒星元素丰度的贡献比较小.详细研究了银河系恒星[Al/Fe]与[Mg/Fe]、[Na/Fe]的相关性,结果表明银河系场星的[Al/Fe]与[Mg/Fe]正相关,但在球状星团M4和M5恒星中未见此相关性;银河系盘星及M4和M5等球状星团恒星的[Al/Fe]与[Na/Fe]都存在正相关.  相似文献