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海洋青鳉鱼专用型基因芯片的设计及其在生态毒理学上的应用研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以生物芯片技术为核心,结合生态毒理学与功能基因组学的方法,制备了海洋青鳉鱼专用型生物芯片,包含180个与细胞分裂、解毒反应、缺氧反应、氧化应激反应、凋亡、生长和发育、性别决定和性腺分化以及生殖激素分泌等功能相关的基因.我们提取了雌性海洋青鳉鱼成体在正常培养和缺氧处理12周后的肝脏和卵巢组织总RNA,利用自制的基因芯片进行了基因表达谱分析,结果显示海洋青鳉鱼在缺氧压力环境下,肝脏和卵巢组织的差异性表达基因分别检测出9个和6个,表明应用此类自制良好的芯片可有效获得海洋青鳉鱼的组织特异性基因表达图谱,也将加强对海洋缺氧状态、氧化应激等反应的分子生物学机制的理解.本研究对于识别异常环境状态下的基因表达模式和组织特异性标志物,进一步开展监测海洋生态毒理因素的研究奠定良好的基础. 相似文献
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1 INTRODUCTION Ammonia and nitrites are common pollutants in waters used for intensive aquiculture, and are harmful to cultured animals and their larvae when present in sufficiently high concentrations (Zhou, 1991). Ammonia in water is usually derived from animal excretion and catabolism of organic materi- als. It occurs in un-ionized and ionized forms. Un-ionized ammonia can pass through cell mem- brane and is harmful to the cells due to its fat-soluble feature (Chen, 2000; Chin, 2001).… 相似文献
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南京玄武湖鱼类暴发性死亡原因分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
南京玄武湖近年来死鱼事件频发，对该湖水生生态系统的长期监测结果表明，湖水富营养化和沉积物污染十分严重；但生态毒理学研究表明，湖水和沉积物等对鱼类尚未见有急性毒性作用．根据玄武湖鱼类死亡症状，从玄武湖鱼体上分离到一种致病力极强的鱼类病原菌──嗜水气单胞菌（Aeromonashydrophila），研究了该病原菌的致病特性，并系统地分析了水质主要污染指标、水体富营养化、藻类种群动态、沉积物污染及其氧化还原层（Eh，＋200mV）等多种因素对玄武湖鱼类暴发性死亡的发生和流行的影响．研究结果表明，近年来玄武湖频频发生的暴发性死鱼多系病原菌感染鱼体引起的鱼类暴发性出血病（鱼类环境病）所致，而该湖水体长期处于严重富营养和有机污染状态以及年久未清的沉积物等是这种“鱼类环境病”的诱发因素． 相似文献
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Gellrt Gligor Tams Szolnoky Milana Dra&#x;kovi&#x; Nenad &#x;uri&#x; Zdravko Hojka Jelena Bo&#x;kovi&#x; Milena
ua 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2019,47(10)
Anaerobically stabilized sludge from wastewater treatment is always a challenge from the environmental aspect of management. The agrarian environmental surroundings present a possibility for swift and efficient utilization of compost from anaerobically stabilized sludge in order to increase the quality of the biological product. With intensification of the composting procedure by means of the microbiological consortium Geocell‐1 (Cellvibrio sp., Pseudomonas fluorescens with the addition of micro‐ and macro‐elements), the results show that the compost obtained from stabilized sludge after inoculation is significantly improved in terms of moisture reduction (39–43%), while in the control compost, this value is significantly higher with 61%. The results of the pathogenic effect show a significant reduction in the number of fecal coliform (<1 × 103) and Enterococcus bacteria (<1 × 104) in the inoculated (treated) compost. With a slight decrease in the concentration of limiting factors such as As, Cd, Cu, a quality biological product can be achieved, which can be safely deposited on soil. The phytotoxicological germination test with white mustard (Sinapis alba) shows a higher number of sprouting plants with a mixture of treated compost and standard soil for flowers 1:1 and 1:4 compared to the control group. 相似文献
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The tolerance to ammonia and nitrites in freshwater ciliate Paramecium bursaria was measured in a conventional open system. The ciliate was exposed to different concentrations of ammonia and nitrites for 2h and 12h in order to determine the lethal concentrations. Linear regression analysis revealed that the 2h-LC50 value for ammonia was 95.94 mg/L and for nitrite 27.35 mg/L using probit scale method (with 95% confidence intervals). There was a linear correlation between the mortality probit scale and logarithmic concentration of ammonia which fit by a regression equation y=7.32x-9.51 (R^2=0.98; y, mortality probit scale; x, logarithmic concentration of ammonia), by which 2 h-LC50 value for ammonia was found to be 95.50 mg/L. A linear correlation between mortality probit scales and logarithmic concentration of nitrite is also followed the regression equation y=2.86x 0.89 (R^2=0.95; y, mortality probit scale; x, logarithmic concentration of nitrite). The regression analysis of toxicity curves showed that the linear correlation between exposed time of ammonia-N LC50 valueand ammonia-N LC50 value followed the regression equation y=2 862.85e-0.08x (R^2=0.95; y, duration of exposure to LC50 value; x, LC50 value), and that between exposed time of nitrite-N LC50 value and nitrite-N LC50 value followed the regression equation y = 127.15e-0.13x (R^2=0.91; y, exposed time of LC50 value; x, LC50 value). The results demonstrate that the tolerance to ammonia in P. bursaria is considerably higher than that of the larvae or juveniles of some metozoa, e.g. cultured prawns and oysters. In addition, ciliates, as bacterial predators, are likely to play a positive role in maintaining and improving water quality in aquatic environments with high-level ammonium, such as sewage treatment systems. 相似文献
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本文回顾了我国水环境生物学近年来的进展。全文分四部分:水污染生物监测;水污染生物治理;水生态毒理学及对今后研究工作的建议。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of copper on the settlement success of planula larvae of the reef-building coral Acropora tenuis during 1994 and 1996 at Magnetic Island, Great Barrier Reef. Copper concentrations of 2, 10, 20 μg l−1 did not inhibit larval settlement after 48-h exposure. However, copper concentrations of 42 μg l−1 and 81 μg l−1 significantly reduced settlement success of A. tenuis larvae after 48-h exposure compared with controls using normal seawater. At 200 μg l−1 copper, all larvae died. EC50 values for the effect of copper on A. tenuis larval settlement were calculated from the 1996 results using measured copper concentrations. The 48-h EC50 was 35 μg l−1 with an upper and lower 95% confidence limit of 37 μg l−1 and 32 μg l−1, respectively. The 48-h NOEC value for both experiments was 20 μg l−1 copper. These experiments provide some of the first data on sub-lethal effects of trace metals on tropical marine organisms, and demonstrate that relatively low copper concentrations impair or inhibit settlement of coral larvae. 相似文献