Spatial analysis of water quality and its suitability in farming giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) in Negeri Sembilan region,Peninsular Malaysia     

Benjamin Ezekiel Bwadi  Firuza Begham Mustafa  Mohammad Lokman Ali  Subha Bhassu 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2019,40(1):71-91

Finding potential sites for resilient prawn production in the tropical environment that also prevents wastage of natural resources is not an easy task. The purpose of this study is to evaluate water quality suitability for prawn farming in Negeri Sembilan of Peninsular Malaysia based on Geographic Information System (GIS). To achieve this goal, numerous criteria including sources of water, water temperature, water pH, sources of pollution, salinity, soil texture and availability of phytoplankton criteria were considered for the modelling process. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique was performed to standardize the criteria and the weighting process. The weighted overlay of indicators and results were accomplished by applying the Multi‐Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) method in GIS. It was indicated that the Negeri Sembilan area has potential for prawn farming. The results showed that about 25 per cent (163 056.93 ha) of the area was most suitable for prawn farming, about 58 per cent (384 656.88 ha) was considered moderately suitable, while 18 per cent (117 633.49 ha) was regarded as least suitable. The study concluded that the multi‐criteria decision analysis of water quality for prawn farming is vital for regional economic planning in the Negeri Sembilan area and also significant when establishing a model for aquaculture development.  相似文献   

Bathymetry,substrate and fishing areas of Southeast Atlantic high-seas seamounts   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

OA Bergstad  ÅS Høines  R Sarralde  G Campanis  M Gil  F Ramil 《African Journal of Marine Science》2019,41(1):11-28

Most of the Southeast Atlantic Ocean is abyssal, and global bathymetries suggest that only ～3.2% of the areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ; also known as the high seas, as defined in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea [UNCLOS]) are shallower than 2 500 m. This study mapped bathymetry and characterised substrates in selected seamount summit areas, including several that have been or may become fishing areas. The southernmost location, the Schmitt-Ott Seamount, has exposed volcanic bedrock with surrounding flats covered by thin biogenic sediments and/or coral rubble that appears ancient. At Wüst, Vema, Valdivia and Ewing seamounts the basaltic base appears to be overlain by coral caps and other coral substrates (sheets, rubble). Adjacent summit plains have biogenic sediments of varying thickness. Vema has a flat, roughly circular summit, <100 m deep, with the shallowest point being a 22-m-deep summit knoll; the upper slopes have ancient coral framework, but the summit has a mixture of coralline and volcanic rock and coarse sediments, including extensive areas with coralline algae and kelp forests. Valdivia Bank is a 230-m-deep, flat, rocky area (～11 × 5 km), protruding steeply from the extensive multi-summit Valdivia subarea of the Walvis Ridge. The distribution of past fisheries in the Convention Area of the South East Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (SEAFO) was considered in relation to the new information on bathymetry and substrate.  相似文献   

Population connectivity of an overexploited coastal fish,Argyrosomus coronus (Sciaenidae), in an ocean-warming hotspot     

R Henriques  WM Potts  CV Santos  WHH Sauer  PW Shaw 《African Journal of Marine Science》2018,40(1):13-24

The West Coast dusky kob Argyrosomus coronus is a commercially exploited fish with a distribution confined to the Angola–Benguela Frontal Zone (ABFZ) of the southeastern Atlantic Ocean. A previous study revealed that during a recent period of local warming the species extended its distribution into Namibian waters, where it hybridised with the resident and congeneric Argyrosomus inodorus. Environmental changes are a major threat to marine biodiversity and when combined with overfishing have the potential to accelerate the decline of species. However, little is known regarding the evolutionary history and population structure of A. coronus across the ABFZ. We investigated genetic diversity, population structure and historical demographic changes using mtDNA control region sequences and genotypes at six nuclear microsatellite loci, from 180 individuals. A single, genetically homogeneous population was indicated across the distributional range of A. coronus (φ_ST = 0.041, F_ST = 0.000, D = 0.000; p > 0.05). These findings imply that the oceanographic features within the ABFZ do not appear to significantly influence population connectivity in A. coronus, which simplifies management of the species. However, reconstruction of the demographic history points to a close link between the evolutionary history of A. coronus and the environmental characteristics of the ABFZ. This outcome suggests the species’ vulnerability to the rapid environmental changes being observed across this region, and highlights a pressing need for transboundary management to mitigate the impacts of climate change in this global hotspot of seawater temperature changes.  相似文献   

Evaluating the effects of catch-and-release angling on Cape stumpnose Rhabdosargus holubi in a South African estuary     

NK Arkert  A-R Childs  MC Parkinson  AC Winkler  E Butler  S Mannheim 《African Journal of Marine Science》2018,40(3):235-244

Fisheries managers are increasingly promoting catch-and-release (C&R) to manage recreationally angled fish stocks. Despite this, there is a scarcity of information on the effects of C&R on estuarine-dependent species. Cape stumpnose Rhabdosargus holubi dominates the recreational fisheries catch and provides an important source of food for subsistence fishers in some temperate South African estuaries. The health and survival of R. holubi exposed to a C&R event was investigated by examining their physiological stress response (blood glucose and lactate), reflex impairment (reflex action mortality predictors [RAMP]) and short-term (12-hour) survival. Fish were captured and exposed to one of three air-exposure treatments: 0 s, 30 s or 90 s. Stress and health were measured either immediately (immediate) or one hour after (delayed) the C&R event. There was no significant difference in blood glucose between air-exposure treatments, but there was a significant difference between the mean immediate and delayed glucose levels within each treatment (F_(2,143) = 81.8, p < 0.01). In contrast, blood lactate level was significantly higher in the 90-s treatment (p < 0.05). Immediate blood lactate levels were significantly lower than the delayed samples for each treatment (F = 4.29, p = 0.02; n = 169). Although all fish exhibited at least one reflex impairment, the RAMP score was significantly higher in the 90-s air-exposure treatment (H_(2,86) = 9.73, p = 0.007). Also, RAMP scores were significantly lower in the delayed samples (p < 0.01). Although short-term mortality was relatively low (2.3%) for this species, it was highest in the 90-s treatment (7%). These results suggest that physiological stress is higher when R. holubi are exposed to longer periods of air exposure and that the physiological stress of fish subject to a C&R event is best measured after a delay.  相似文献   

城镇化与生态环境耦合的动态模拟——研究进展与展望     

崔学刚  方创琳  刘海猛  刘晓菲  李咏红 《地理学报(英文版)》2020,30(2):333-352

Urbanization and eco-environment coupling is a research hotspot.Dynamic simulation of urbanization and eco-environment coupling needs to be improved because the processes of coupling are complex and statistical methods are limited.Systems science and cross-scale coupling allow us to define the coupled urbanization and eco-environment system as an open complex giant system with multiple feedback loops.We review the current state of dynamic simulation of urbanization and eco-environment coupling and find that:(1)The use of dynamic simulation is an increasing trend,the relevant theory is being developed,and modeling processes are being improved;(2)Dynamic simulation technology has become diversified,refined,intelligent and integrated;(3)Simulation is mainly performed for three aspects of the coupling,multiple regions and multiple elements,local coupling and telecoupling,and regional synergy.However,we also found some shortcomings:(1)Basic theories are inadequately developed and insufficiently integrated;(2)The methods of unifying systems and sharing data are behind the times;(3)Coupling relations and the dynamic characteristics of the main driving elements are not fully understood or completely identified.Additionally,simulation of telecoupling does not quantify parameters and is not systemically unified,and therefore cannot be used to represent spatial synergy.In the future,we must promote communication between research networks,technology integration and data sharing to identify the processes governing change in coupled relations and in the main driving elements in urban agglomerations.Finally,we must build decision support systems to plan and ensure regional sustainable urbanization.  相似文献   

阿尔金山东端北部区域生态环境修复模式研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

牛最荣  陈学林  黄维东  王亦农  王毓森  武雪 《冰川冻土》2019,41(2):275-281

阿尔金山荒漠化防治生态功能区是甘肃西部、新疆乃至整个西北地区重要生态屏障，对阿尔金山东端北部区域为代表的西土沟流域生态环境现状和存在主要问题进行分析，提出区域生态环境治理构想和因势治洪-以洪治沙-自然净化-综合利用的区域洪水资源开发利用模式和以“水害”治“沙害”、变害为利的区域生态环境、沙漠治理模式。国内外学者对本区域荒漠化防治、草地生态安全评价有部分研究，但对沙漠区洪水资源开发利用问题研究比较罕见，在沙漠地区洪水资源化利用方面具有很强的代表性，为阿尔金山保护区的规范管理和可持续对策制定提供科学依据，对同类地区生态环境修复提供示范。  相似文献   

300 BC-1900 AD无定河流域城镇时空格局演变   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

佟彪  党安荣  许剑 《地理学报》2019,74(8):1508-1524

通过分析和整理从战国中晚期（约300 BC）至清末（约1900 AD）无定河流域历代县级及以上城址的位置、兴废年代数据,结合行政区划沿革、经济社会发展、政权更迭等资料,分析流域城镇格局的时空演变过程。研究表明：① 受气候周期性波动影响,无定河流域城镇的兴起与衰废具有明显的周期性特征,城镇几何中心的移动轨迹具有明显的“西北—东南”向潮汐性运动特征;② 城址存续年限普遍较短,具有明显的阶段性特征,流域内曾存在过4个阶段性中心城镇,中心城镇移动的方向和过程与城镇几何中心的潮汐性移动过程趋势一致;③ 流域城镇空间格局可分为3种类型,即秦汉与隋唐时期的沿河流谷地分布,宋、明两代的沿边境线与长城分布,以及元、清两代集中于流域下游分布。流域城镇未来的发展布局应重视气候变化对城镇分布的长期影响,关注区域环境的脆弱性,合理安排城镇体系发展规模与布局。  相似文献   

Environmental determinants of species turnover of aquatic Heteroptera in freshwater ecosystems of the Western Ghats,India     

《Limnologica》2020

Partitioning beta diversity into its two components of spatial turnover and nestedness is a more robust method for checking spatial variability in biological communities than calculating the total beta diversity alone. The relative contribution of spatial turnover and nestedness has been used to test the effects of climatic, environmental, spatial and temporal variables on community composition. In this study, we tested the effects of environmental factors and microhabitat features on total beta diversity and its spatial turnover and nestedness components using a comprehensive dataset of aquatic Heteroptera collected from four types of permanent freshwater habitats (i.e. streams, ponds, rock tanks and reservoirs) in the Western Ghats of India. We observed that communities in all four types of habitats were predominantly shaped by dissimilarity caused due to spatial turnover (>85 %). Each type of habitat showed the presence of one or more species uniquely associated with it, which might contribute to the turnover between communities. The abiotic environment (climatic factors, topological factors, soil characteristics and microhabitat features) as well as assemblage structure differed significantly between habitat types. Communities in each type of habitat were affected by different environmental factors, such as precipitation and temperature patterns for streams, altitude and rocky substrate for rock tanks, and soil characteristics and the presence of aquatic macrophytes for ponds and reservoirs. Assemblages observed in the four types of permanent habitats are thus compositionally distinct due to species replacements between local communities, which in turn are strongly influenced by environmental variables. Similar to previous studies, our results show that spatial turnover largely measures the same phenomenon as total beta diversity on a regional scale.  相似文献   

中国海洋生态环境特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

林天维  孙子钧  柴清志  严志宇  孙冰 《海洋开发与管理》2020,37(5):36-40

随着社会不断地发展，资源需求不断增加，海洋生态环境污染日益严重的问题开始逐渐显现出来。文章对近18年的相关数据进行计算研究，从水体质量、富营养化、赤潮情况等方面对我国海洋水体环境进行了分析，指出虽然我国四大海区水质问题逐年改善，但南海的近岸污染问题、东海和渤海的赤潮问题等仍需加以重视。文章的大量数据分析为我国建立更符合国情的海洋生态环境治理决策提供了参考。  相似文献   

基于线粒体控制区序列的花斑蛇鲻遗传多态性分析     

李敏  孔啸兰  许友伟  陈作志 《热带海洋学报》2020,39(4):42-49

花斑蛇鲻(Saurida undosquamis)是一种重要的底层经济鱼类, 本研究利用线粒体控制区(D-loop区)序列分析了中国近海分布的花斑蛇鲻的遗传结构和遗传多样性, 一共测定了6个地理群体129尾样本的D-loop区全序列。结果显示, 全长为921bp的序列包含71个多态性位点, 共检测到101个单倍型。花斑蛇鲻总体呈现很高的单倍型多样性(0.9873 ± 0.0048)和较低的核苷酸多样性(0.0132 ± 0.0067)的特征。基于邻接法构建的单倍型系统发育树的拓扑结构很浅, 没有形成分化明显的支系。单倍型在各个地理群体中的分布呈分散交叉状态, 表明地理群体间没有显著的遗传分化。6个群体的分子方差分析显示, 花斑蛇鲻绝大部分的遗传变异(99.87%)来源于群体内的个体之间, 而群体间的变异仅占0.13%。大部分地理群体之间的遗传分化指数(F_ST)均很小, 揭示了群体间的基因交流很频繁, 存在高度的遗传同质性。这些研究结果表明中国近海的花斑蛇鲻遗传多样性丰富, 没有明显的遗传分化, 是一个随机交配群, 可以作为同一个渔业单元来管理。  相似文献