环渤海地区海洋经济增长质量空间溢出效应研究   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

李博  田闯  金翠  史钊源 《地理科学》2020,40(8):1266-1275

海洋经济向质量效益型转变是建设海洋强国的新要求。通过构建海洋经济?地理距离空间权重矩阵对2000—2014年环渤海地区17个沿海地级市海洋经济增长质量主体的空间交互作用及空间效应进行研究；借助空间计量模型对海洋经济增长质量空间效应影响因素进行甄别。研究表明：① 环渤海地区海洋经济增长质量主体呈显著空间相关性，存在空间交互作用；② 海洋经济增长质量存在空间溢出的正反馈效应。影响因素中对环渤海地区海洋经济增长质量的直接贡献强度排序为：海洋环境>海洋产业>海洋人才>海洋资本>海洋科技，对其他地区溢出效应影响的排序为：海洋基建>海洋人才>海洋资本。研究为环渤海地区海洋政策制定提供一定参考依据。  相似文献   

呼和浩特市生境质量对城市用地扩展的时空响应          下载免费PDF全文

冯琰玮  甄江红  马晨阳 《干旱区地理》2020,43(4):1014-1022

以呼和浩特市为研究区,采用梯度分析法,结合InVEST模型,在评价研究区近27 a城市用地扩展及生境质量演变的基础上,运用双变量空间自相关剖析生境质量对城市用地扩展的时空响应。结果表明：（1） 研究时段内,城市扩展表现为核心区的低密度扩张及外围区的多点扩散,紧凑度不断下降,城市结构不稳定,扩展模式不尽合理。（2） 生境平均值从0.49下降到0.44,质量等级跌至较差水平。低等级生境主要呈圈层向南部、东南部扩散,与建设用地扩展方向基本一致。（3） 建设用地扩展强度与生境质量变化空间分布呈负相关关系,核心外围区的建设用地扩展始终为变化最强烈的地带,生境质量退化也最为剧烈。（4） 斑块密度不断上升,特别是建设用地斑块的增加使得城市景观格局愈发破碎。  相似文献   

气候变化下基于物种与植物耦联机制的小白额雁(Anser erythropus)潜在生境及适宜性研究--以长江流域中下游为例     

向伶  高翔  彭玉辉  梁婕 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2020,11(2):140-149

气候变化和人类活动通过改变物种生境而影响物种多样性。小白额雁是长江流域中下游的一种具有较高生态价值的食草型濒危候鸟,受气候变化和人类活动威胁。本文以小白额雁为代表性物种,定量分析了气候变化对长江流域中下游候鸟潜在生境及适宜性空间分布格局的影响。采用Maxent模型模拟了当前情景和全球环流模型(GCMs)气候场景下小白额雁潜在生境及其适宜性分布。研究结果表明,小白额雁分布特征与其栖息地周边植物分布呈显著相关关系;运用Maxent模型模拟小白额雁六种主要食源植物的分布特征,并将其结果作为环境变量,将显著改善小白额雁潜在生境及其适宜性模型的模拟性能;在两种典型浓度情景(RCP 2.6和RCP8.5)下,2070年小白额雁潜在生境适宜性面积将下降。为应对气候变化对小白额雁的影响,应采取更加合理的管理措施和保护政策,包括调整保护区的大小、形状和用途。  相似文献   

Bathymetry,substrate and fishing areas of Southeast Atlantic high-seas seamounts   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

OA Bergstad  ÅS Høines  R Sarralde  G Campanis  M Gil  F Ramil 《African Journal of Marine Science》2019,41(1):11-28

Most of the Southeast Atlantic Ocean is abyssal, and global bathymetries suggest that only ～3.2% of the areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ; also known as the high seas, as defined in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea [UNCLOS]) are shallower than 2 500 m. This study mapped bathymetry and characterised substrates in selected seamount summit areas, including several that have been or may become fishing areas. The southernmost location, the Schmitt-Ott Seamount, has exposed volcanic bedrock with surrounding flats covered by thin biogenic sediments and/or coral rubble that appears ancient. At Wüst, Vema, Valdivia and Ewing seamounts the basaltic base appears to be overlain by coral caps and other coral substrates (sheets, rubble). Adjacent summit plains have biogenic sediments of varying thickness. Vema has a flat, roughly circular summit, <100 m deep, with the shallowest point being a 22-m-deep summit knoll; the upper slopes have ancient coral framework, but the summit has a mixture of coralline and volcanic rock and coarse sediments, including extensive areas with coralline algae and kelp forests. Valdivia Bank is a 230-m-deep, flat, rocky area (～11 × 5 km), protruding steeply from the extensive multi-summit Valdivia subarea of the Walvis Ridge. The distribution of past fisheries in the Convention Area of the South East Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (SEAFO) was considered in relation to the new information on bathymetry and substrate.  相似文献   

利用GLAS激光测高数据评估DSM产品质量及精度优化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

胡柳茹  唐新明  李国元  付冬暇  窦显辉  赵世湖 《测绘通报》2019,(11):39-43

提出了一种利用卫星激光测高数据直接优化提升数字表面模型（DSM）产品精度的方法。选取境外中亚地区的资源三号DSM开展试验，通过采用多准则约束方法提取激光高程控制点，分别利用偏度、中值、线性、二次多项式等进行DSM误差修正，发现4种模型均能有效消除DSM系统误差，其中基于二次多项式的方法更适用于平地和丘陵地貌，线性模型更适用于高山地貌。试验验证了采用卫星激光测高数据优化境外DSM技术流程的可行性，最终可提高DSM的绝对高程精度。  相似文献   

Exploring the database of a soil environmental survey using a geo-self-organizing map: A pilot study     

Liao  Xiaoyong  Tao  Huan  Gong  Xuegang  Li  You 《地理学报(英文版)》2019,29(10):1610-1624

A model integrating geo-information and self-organizing map (SOM) for exploring the database of soil environmental surveys was established. The dataset of 5 heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb) was built by the regular grid sampling in Hechi, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China. Auxiliary datasets were collected throughout the study area to help interpret the potential causes of pollution. The main findings are as follows: (1) Soil samples of 5 elements exhibited strong variation and high skewness. High pollution risk existed in the case study area, especially Hg and Cd. (2) As and Pb had a similar topo-logical distribution pattern, meaning they behaved similarly in the soil environment. Cr had behaviours in soil different from those of the other 4 elements. (3) From the U-matrix of SOM networks, 3 levels of SEQ were identified, and 11 high risk areas of soil heavy metal-contaminated were found throughout the study area, which were basically near rivers, factories, and ore zones. (4) The variations of contamination index (CI) followed the trend of construction land (1.353) > forestland (1.267) > cropland (1.175) > grassland (1.056), which suggest that decision makers should focus more on the problem of soil pollution surrounding industrial and mining enterprises and farmland.

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A method for checking the quality of geographic metadata based on ISO 19157     

Manuel Antonio Ureña-Cámara  Javier Lacasta  Francisco Javier Ariza-López 《International journal of geographical information science》2019,33(1):1-27

With recent advances in remote sensing, location-based services and other related technologies, the production of geospatial information has exponentially increased in the last decades. Furthermore, to facilitate discovery and efficient access to such information, spatial data infrastructures were promoted and standardized, with a consideration that metadata are essential to describing data and services. Standardization bodies such as the International Organization for Standardization have defined well-known metadata models such as ISO 19115. However, current metadata assets exhibit heterogeneous quality levels because they are created by different producers with different perspectives. To address quality-related concerns, several initiatives attempted to define a common framework and test the suitability of metadata through automatic controls. Nevertheless, these controls are focused on interoperability by testing the format of metadata and a set of controlled elements. In this paper, we propose a methodology of testing the quality of metadata by considering aspects other than interoperability. The proposal adapts ISO 19157 to the metadata case and has been applied to a corpus of the Spanish Spatial Data Infrastructure. The results demonstrate that our quality check helps determine different types of errors for all metadata elements and can be almost completely automated to enhance the significance of metadata.  相似文献   

基于栅格的关中平原城市群人居环境质量综合评价          下载免费PDF全文

魏献花  白永平  车磊  王栋  效瑞  张文娴 《干旱区地理》2019,42(5):1176-1184

基于自然与人文多重栅格数据，构建人居环境质量综合指数评价模型，分析2015年关中平原城市群人居环境的空间分异格局，并对人口分布与人居环境质量的协同性进行探讨。结果表明：(1)人居自然环境呈现出自东向西，由山地、高原向平原、谷地依次递减的空间分布格局，受地形影响最为明显，地形起伏度与人居自然环境呈负相关关系。(2)人居人文环境表现出平原低、山区高，城镇高于乡村的空间分布格局，受城市行政层级影响显著。(3)关中平原城市群人居环境综合质量指数介于0.216～0.716之间，呈现出以关中平原、汾河谷地向外梯级递减的带状空间分布格局。(4)关中平原城市群人口密度与人居环境质量空间分布显著一致，总体呈现出平原高于山地，城市高于乡村的空间分布规律，人居环境质量越高，人口密度越大，土地利用也越充分。  相似文献   

基于长时间序列遥感数据的阿伯德尔国家公园 生态环境质量评价     

王法溧  何晓宇  方泽兴  魏显虎  叶虎平  施令飞 《地球信息科学学报》2019,21(9):1479-1479

阿伯德尔国家公园位于号称肯尼亚“水塔”的阿伯德尔山脉上,是肯尼亚重要的旅游景区和珍稀动植物保护区,开展该地生态环境质量评价对肯尼亚水资源保护与可持续发展具有重要的意义。本研究基于1987-2018年的Landsat系列遥感数据,通过计算综合遥感生态指数RSEI,结合趋势线分析法对阿伯德尔国家公园近32年间生态环境质量变化进行客观定量分析。研究结果显示：① 1987-2018年研究区RSEI均值从0.62下降到0.51,生态环境质量退化的区域面积为551.52 km ²,占总面积的71.85%,表明在气候变化和人类活动影响下,1987-2018年研究区的环境状况呈恶化趋势;②环境质量显著恶化的区域主要分布于亚高山植被区和东部低海拔森林覆盖区,亚高山地区植被生态系统结构单一,稳定性差,对气候变化和人类活动更为敏感;而东部区域存在过度开发,非法砍伐森林等现象,且旅游开发强度大,环境恶化与人类活动密切相关。  相似文献   

Method‐dependent influence of environmental variables on reef fish assemblages when comparing trap and video surveys     

Nathan R. Geraldi  Nathan M. Bacheler  G. Todd Kellison 《Marine Ecology》2019,40(1)

Despite substantial survey effort and a large body of literature on abiotic and biotic factors in temperate reef ecosystems, knowledge of the complex and interactive effects of environmental variables on those communities is limited. Various survey methods have been developed to study environmental predictors of biodiversity, but there remains a gap in our understanding of how survey results are influenced by environmental factors. Here, we surveyed the fish assemblage associated with southeastern U.S. temperate marine reefs with simultaneous, paired trap, and camera gears throughout a ~50,000 km² area during 2011–2013 and assessed the influence of environmental variables on the trap‐ and video‐surveyed assemblages. Predictor variables in the multivariate general linear models included depth, temperature, month, year, location, substrate relief, percent sessile biota, biota type, and turbidity. Depth and latitude had the greatest influence on the fish assemblage for both gears. The influence of habitat variables differed between methods and percent biota explained more variation in the fish assemblage when assessed by traps, while substrate relief and biota type explained more variation in the fish assemblage when assessed by video. In general, habitat complexity was positively related to the abundance of fishes in the video survey, but there was a negative relationship in the trap survey. Differences between gears were species‐specific and the influences of environmental variables were similar for some species such as Haemulon plumierii and Hyporthodus niveatus. The methods presented here can be used to assess method‐dependent differences in fish assemblages, which is a necessary precursor to assess the effect of environmental variables on the accuracy of surveys.  相似文献