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腐殖质组成是表征土壤化学性质的主要指标之一，在某种程度对评价风沙土的发育过程具有意义。采集了不同气候区沙地沙漠苔藓生物结皮层样品，采用重铬酸钾容量法和光密度法测定了苔藓结皮层腐殖质组成含量和胡敏酸吸光特性。结果表明：随着干燥指数的增加，苔藓结皮层有机质含量由14.93 g·kg-1降低到9.89 g·kg-1，腐殖酸总量由5.1 g·kg-1降低到2.0 g·kg-1，胡敏酸含量由2.9 g·kg-1降低到 0.7 g·kg-1，富里酸含量由2.2 g·kg-1降低到1.3 g·kg-1，胡敏酸与富里酸比值（HA/FA）由1.32降低到0.54，E4/E6比值则由4.28增加到5.83。苔藓结皮层腐殖质组成含量及胡敏酸吸光特性具有地带性变化趋势，并影响着生物结皮层及流动风沙土的发育演变过程。 相似文献
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土壤有机物质对土壤介电常数的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
土壤介电常数是开展微波土壤水分和冻融状态的监测的基础，也是植被和积雪的下垫面边界条件，然而目前已有的介电常数研究都没有对高有机质含量的土壤开展系统观测。本文将土壤中的自然有机物质分为腐殖质和植物性残留物两类。采用控制变量实验方法，通过测量5种不同有机质含量的东北黑土和加入不同比例毛白杨碎屑的扁都口草甸土，研究了腐殖质和植物性残留物的对土壤介电常数的影响。结果表明，腐殖质会降低干燥土壤的容重，从而发挥间接作用，使介电常数降低；而对于相同容重下观测的潮湿土壤，腐殖质含量较多的土壤介电常数更大。与Dobson模型的比较显示，在29℃室温下，腐殖质对25%重量含水量潮湿土壤实部的影响在±2左右，虚部能达到1。与腐殖质相比，植物性残留物对风干土壤和潮湿土壤的影响都十分明显。植物性残留物能有效地疏松土壤并代入植物组分的介电特征。当重量含水量为30%时，含毛白杨含量为20%的混合土壤比纯扁都口土壤在实部平均减小3—7左右，虚部减小 1—3左右。因此，根据实验观测以及和模型的比较，土壤中的有机物质会改变土壤介电性质，对微波遥感造成影响。 相似文献
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Low-mature gases and their resource potentiality 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In the 80’s of last century, based on the advances in natural gas exploration practice, the concepts of bio-thermocatalytic transitional-zone gas and early thermogenetic gas were proposed, and the lower limit Ro values for the formation and accumulation of thermogenetic natural gases of industrial importance have been extended to 0.3%–0.4%. In accordance with the two-stage model established on the basis of carbon isotope fractionation involved in the formation of coal-type natural gases, the upper limit Ro ... 相似文献
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云南哀牢山徐家坝自然保护区内,森林经不同程度的破坏后形成的各种次生植被下,土壤有机质含量均有所降低,但H/F值则随森林→灌丛→草地有较大幅度的增加。腐殖质聚合物分子结构中的芳构化度、分子量和芳香环的缩合度由木果石栎林、滇山杨林、毛蕨菜灌草丛到沼泽草地逐渐增大,而腐殖酸分子结构上所带的亲水基侧键则按上述顺序由多到少。 相似文献
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CHEN Di YUAN JianPing XU ShiPing ZHOU XiaoGang ZHANG Yan XU XiaoMing ZOU ZhiWen ZHANG GuRen & WANG JiangHai State Key Laboratory of Bio-control College of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China School of Marine Sciences Guangzhou State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou R & D Center Guangzhou Enenta Electrical Equipment Co. Ltd Guangzhou ... 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2009,(5)
Two types of Hepialus larvae with different diets were distinguished in the Sejila Mountain,Tibetan Plateau based on the stable carbon isotope data of the host Hepialus larva of Cordyceps sinensis and its closely adjacent tender plant roots and humus fractions.Type I is the larva chiefly fed by soil humus,and characterized by the δ 13C values of -22.6‰ to-23.4‰,and more than -23.4‰ in its heads.Type II is the larva chiefly fed by tender plant roots,and characterized by the δ 13C values of-24.6‰ to -27.6‰,an... 相似文献
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石灰土发育过程中土壤腐殖质组成及其与土壤钙赋存形态关系 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
选取桂林典型石灰土不同发育阶段土样(黑色石灰土、棕色石灰士、黄色石灰土),对土壤中腐殖质组成、土壤钙的形态及其含量进行测定.结果显示:(1)石灰土发育过程中,黑色石灰土、棕色石灰土、黄色石灰土总碳量分别为230.15mg/g、37.49 mg/g、17.94 mg/g,胡敏酸所占比例分别为31.94％、9.44％、7.25％,富啡酸所占比例为1.04％、36.14％、66.16％,胡敏素为67.02％、54.41％、26.59％;(2)黑色石灰土、棕色石灰土、黄色石灰土中土壤钙全量分别为21 486.66 mg/kg、6 913.33 mg/kg、5 540.17mg/kg,且三种土壤中均是酸溶态所占比例最高,分别为57.58％、74.69％、80.83％,其次为可还原态、残渣态和可氧化态;(3)相关性分析表明,土壤钙及其各形态均与土壤有机碳总量、胡敏酸、胡敏素成正相关关系,与富啡酸成负相关关系,土壤腐殖质组成及其含量在很大程度上影响着土壤钙含量及赋存形态. 相似文献
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Low-mature gases and typical low-mature gas fields in China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
No natural gas pool of industrial importance could be formed at the low-evolution stage of organic matter. In the 1980s, on the basis of the development in exploration practice, the hypotheses of bio-thermo-catalytic transitional zone gases and early thermogenic gases were proposed. The lower-limit Ro values for the formation and accumulation of natural gases of industrial importance have been expanded to 0.3%―0.4%. In the light of the two-stage model established on the basis of carbon isotope fractionation in coal-type natural gases, the upper-limit Ro values have been set at 0.8%―1.0%. In terms of the geological practice in the low-mature gas zones and China's main coal-type gas fields, it is feasible and proper to set the upper-limit Ro value of low-mature gases at 0.8%. Supper-large gas fields such as the Urengoy gas field in western Siberian Basin should belong to low-mature gas fields, of which the natural gas reserves account for more than 20% of the global proven reserves, providing strong evidence for the significance of such a type of resources. The proven natural gas reserves in the Turpan-Hami Basin of China have almost reached 1000 × 108 m3. The main source rocks in this area are the Jurassic Xishanyao Formation, which occurs as a suite of coal series strata. The corresponding thermal evolution indices (Ro ) are mainly within the range of about 0.4%―0.8%, the δ 13C1 values of methane vary between-44‰ and-39‰ (correspondingly Ro =0.6%―0.8%), and those of ethane are within the range of-29‰―-26‰, indicating that natural gases in the Turpan-Hami Basin should be designated to coal-type low-mature gases. The light hydrocarbon evolution indices of natural gases also fall within the area of low evolution while the precursor type of light hydrocarbons also shows the characteristics of the coal-type. The geological background, carbon isotopic composition and light hydrocarbon index all provide strong evidence suggesting that the proven natural gases in the Turpan-Hami Basin are low-mature gases. In China a gas field with the gas reserves reaching 300 ×108 m3 can be defined as a large gas field, and thus the proven low-mature gases in the Turpan-Hami Basin are equivalent to the reserves of three large gas fields. Its existence is of great significance in research on and exploration of low-mature gases in China. 相似文献