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1.
食用海藻对肠道菌群及肠道微环境影响的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
综述了食用海藻对大鼠盲肠肠道菌群及肠道微环境的影响。大鼠喂食添加紫菜等 9种食用海藻的饲料后 ,均能对其盲肠微生物区系及代谢产物和血清脂质水平产生不同的影响 :使肠道中的双歧杆菌数量增加 ,p H值降低 ;抑制血清甘油三酯及血清游离脂肪酸含量。从而改善肠内的生态环境 相似文献
2.
王周琼 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2002,45(Z1)
Only by providing the good conditions for the growth of plants can a favorable ecologicalenvironment on which human beings rely for existence be created. The upside-down-T dou-ble-layer water-conserving afforestation way is developed according to the situation of the short-age of water resources, low soil fertility and vast land in the arid areas. The characteristics of theafforestation way are to change the microenvironment in the root area of the plants, provide thefavorable conditions for the growth of plants, and reduce the necessary conditions for the growth ofplants in large areas in the arid regions. Meanwhile, the size of its water-conserving layer can bechanged according to the size of the planted trees. The different ways of the bottom wa-ter-conserving layer can be used according to the requirements. The afforestation way is suitablefor planting trees on a small scale and also for afforesting on a large scale under the adverse cir-cumstances in the arid areas, and has been effectively used in the afforestation in the hinterland ofTaklamakan Desert and the southern marginal zone of Gurbantonggut Desert. The prospects ofthe afforestation way are broad in afforestation and desertification control in the desert regions. 相似文献
3.
选择海拔为3 762m(低海拔样地)和4 137m(高海拔样地)处囊种草(Thylacospermum caespitosum)群落作为研究样地,分别选取9个直径约50cm的囊种草丛,测定其下土壤的养分、水分和温度等指标,并以邻近无囊种草生长区域的土壤为对照,试图揭示囊种草对土壤微环境的修饰作用对海拔的响应。结果表明:囊种草的生长提高了其下土壤养分含量;改善了土壤水分状况;调节了土壤温度,在其冠层下维持了一个温度较为恒定的环境。随着海拔升高,环境条件的恶劣程度加大,环境压力增大,高海拔样地的土壤养分、水分和温度均低于低海拔样地,而囊种草对这些土壤环境条件的改善作用则随海拔的升高而加强。 相似文献
4.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2022,13(6):101398
Public transport environments are thought to play a key role in the spread of SARS-CoV-2 worldwide. Indeed, high crowding indexes (i.e. high numbers of people relative to the vehicle size), inadequate clean air supply, and frequent extended exposure durations make transport environments potential hotspots for transmission of respiratory infections. During the COVID-19 pandemic, generic mitigation measures (e.g. physical distancing) have been applied without also considering the airborne transmission route. This is due to the lack of quantified data about airborne contagion risk in transport environments.In this study, we apply a novel combination of close proximity and room-scale risk assessment approaches for people sharing public transport environments to predict their contagion risk due to SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infection. In particular, the individual infection risk of susceptible subjects and the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 (expressed through the reproduction number) are evaluated for two types of buses, differing in terms of exposure time and crowding index: urban and long-distance buses. Infection risk and reproduction number are calculated for different scenarios as a function of the ventilation rates (both measured and estimated according to standards), crowding indexes, and travel times. The results show that for urban buses, the close proximity contribution significantly affects the maximum occupancy to maintain a reproductive number of <1. In particular, full occupancy of the bus would be permitted only for an infected subject breathing, whereas for an infected subject speaking, masking would be required. For long-distance buses, full occupancy of the bus can be maintained only if specific mitigation solutions are simultaneously applied. For example, for an infected person speaking for 1 h, appropriate filtration of the recirculated air and simultaneous use of FFP2 masks would permit full occupancy of the bus for a period of almost 8 h. Otherwise, a high percentage of immunized persons (>80%) would be needed. 相似文献
5.
煤岩成分和煤岩类型，尤其是显微煤岩类型和显微煤岩成分的含量与分布最能反映沼泽的环境条件，它们隐含了泥炭沼泽形成时的诸多信息。讨论了以那架勘探区煤中硫与煤岩特征、煤中硫与沼泽微环境的关系，分析了煤中形态硫的分布特征，初步划分了本区成煤沼泽类型。 相似文献
6.
磷酸盐结核主要由磷质凝块、藻类碎屑和纤柱状磷灰石组成。呈特殊的栉壳状结构。结核中的凝块和藻屑与围岩中的氧化硅、粘土是同时在海底沉积的。纤状磷灰石则是在成岩期间从孔隙水中沉淀的。这些磷酸盐结核是由于纤状磷灰石在碱性微环境中不断淀积增长而成。 相似文献
7.
对鲤鱼鳃部微环境进行了定量测量，建立了鲤鱼鳃部微环境的定量模型，对鱼鳃微环境进行了定量描述，通过暴露实验验证了EDTA络合态铜与高岭土颗粒吸附态铜对鱼鳃的生物有效性，并从形态变化的角度分析其存在有效性的原因，即络合态与颗粒吸附态金属随水流经过鱼鳃时，将会部分地发生离解，转变成为可以直接被鱼鳃吸收的形态。 相似文献
8.
为研究附生细菌对蓝藻水华细胞微环境的影响,从微囊藻水华中分离出34株藻附生细菌,研究其产酶能力.对氮代谢相关的酶活性测定结果显示:其中13株菌具有蛋白酶活性,5株菌具有较强的氨氮脱除能力,1株菌具有强烈的硝酸还原酶活性;4株菌具有较高的碱性磷酸酶活性;11株菌具有产脂酶的活性.通过菌和藻共同培养的方法,观察菌对微囊藻生长的影响,结果显示,有11株菌表现出较明显的促藻生长作用,占总筛选菌株总数的32%;有3株菌表现出较显著的抑制藻生长的作用,占总筛选菌株总数的9.9%.附生菌产酶能力与生长相关性的分析显示,促进微囊藻生长的附生菌都具有蛋白酶或脂酶活性. 相似文献
9.
深海沉积重晶石在古海洋研究中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
深海沉积成因重晶石作为重要的古海洋环境指示物,被广泛应用于新生代海洋化学和古生产力的重建,成为全球变化研究的重要分析对象之一。近年来,在重构古海洋生产力和古海水锶含量、锶同位素组成等方面的研究中取得了显著的进展。从目前该领域的研究实践来看,利用深海沉积重晶石进行古海洋研究还需要针对性地解决两方面问题:①形成重晶石沉淀的海洋微环境的时空分布及其物理化学条件;②深海沉积重晶石的采样、筛选和分析方法。上述问题是当前研究的难点,也是制约重晶石广泛用于古海洋研究的基本问题。 相似文献
10.
《The Professional geographer》1985,37(2):226-262
Book Reviewed in this article: The City in Cultural Context . John Agnew, John Mercer, David Sopher, eds. Soils and Geomorphology Peter W. Birkeland. Urbanization and Settlement Systems, International Perspectives . L. S. Bourne, R. Sinclair, and K. Dziewoński. eds. An Introduction to Urban Historical Geography . Harold Carter. Overshoot, The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change . William J. Catton, Jr. Rivers of the World . Eberhard Czaya. Jewish Communities in Frontier Societies: Argentina, Australia and South Africa . Daniel J. Elazar with Peter Medding. Color in Public Spaces: Toward a Communication-Based Theory of the Urban Built Environment. Kenneth E. Foote. Spatial Statistics and Models. Gary L. Gaile and Cort J. Willmott, eds. Mega-Geomorphology. Rita Gardner and Helen Scoging, eds. Technological Change and Regional Development. Gillespie, ed. The Arid Lands: Their Use and Abuse. R. L. Heathcote. The Location of Industry in Britain. A. G. Hoare. Groundwater as a Geomorphic Agent . R. G. LaFleur, ed. Rural Public Services: International Comparisons. Richard E. Lonsdale and Gyorgy Enyedi, eds. Saving Water in a Desert City. William E. Martin, Helen M. Ingram, Nancy K. Laney, and Adrian H. Griffin. Water Resources: Distribution, Use and Management. John R. Mather. Transnationals and the Third World: The Struggle for Culture. Armand Mattelart. South Hadley, MA: USGS Digital Cartographic Data Standards. R. B. McEwen, R. E. Witmer, and B. S. Ramey, eds. The Ecosystem Concept in Anthropology. Emilio F. Moran, ed. Boulder, CO: Women, Men, and the International Division of Labor. June Nash and Maria Patricia Fernandez-Kelly, eds. Nuclear Power: Assessing and Managing Hazardous Technology. Martin J. Pasqualetti and K. David Pijawka, eds. Mary Somerville and the Cultivation of Science 1815-1840. Elizabeth Chalmers Patterson. An Introduction to Coastal Geomorphology. John Pethick. Late Quaternary Environments of the United States , Vol. 1, The Late Pleistocene. Stephen C. Porter, ed. Planning and Ecology. R. D. Roberts and T. M. Roberts, eds. Regionalism and the Pacific Northwest. William G. Robbins, Robert J. Frank, and Richard E. Ross, eds. Environment and Health. Anthony J. Rowland and Paul Cooper. Sunbelt/Snowbelt: Urban Development and Regional Restructuring. Larry Sawers and William K. Tabb, eds. The Bad Earth. Environmental Degradation in China. Vaclav Smil. Armonk, NY: Voyage into Substance: Art, Science, Nature, and the Illustrated Travel Account, 1760–1840. Barbara Maria Stafford. The Institute of British Geographers: The First Fifty Years. Robert W. Steel. Visions of the Past. Christopher Taylor and Richard Muir. Glacial Lake Agassiz. J. T. Teller and Lee Clayton, eds. The Tule Breakers: The Story of the California Dredge. John Thompson and Edward A. Dutra. The Balkan City 1400–1900. Nikolai Todorov. Explanation, Prediction and Planning: the Lowry model. Michael J. Webber. Mercedes Reales: Hispanic Land Grants of the Upper Rio Grande Region. Victor Westphall. The World Atlas of Revolutions. Andrew J. M. Wheatcroft. The West European City, A Social Geography. Paul White. Urban Elites and Mass Transportation. J. Allen Whitt. Princeton, NJ: Urban Life In Contemporary China. Martin King Whyte and William L. Parish. The Demand for Energy in the Soviet Union. David Wilson. London and Canberra: Rethinking Geographical Inquiry. J. David Wood, ed. 相似文献