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稻壳灰与土体混合应用,一方面废弃资源再利用,环保,又可增强土体强度。通过三轴试验,研究不同比例稻壳灰混合黏土及其加筋土应力?应变性能、强度特性以及不同应变水平下模量、偏应力及加筋强度比等土体变化特征。试验结果表明,随稻壳灰比例增加,混合土最大干密度显著减小,最优含水率显著增加。添加不同比例稻壳灰对加筋土抗剪强度有较大影响,10%~15%稻壳灰比例下,加筋稻壳灰混合土初始切线模量和应力峰值达到最大,抗剪强度较优。与土工织物加筋稻壳灰混合土相比,土工格栅加筋稻壳灰混合土偏应力及抗剪强度更大,土工格栅层数对土体抗剪强度增大效果更明显,对应的应力?应变曲线拐点也更突出。试样弹性模量与稻壳灰比例及筋材种类、层数有关,加入稻壳灰后,土体弹性模量增长显著,土工格栅加筋稻壳灰混合土较优比例下可增加1.5倍多,稻壳灰及筋材均能有效提高土体强度。随加筋层数增加,稻壳灰混合土加筋强度比明显增大,与围压关系较小。 相似文献
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全国自动气象站实时观测资料三级质量控制系统研制 总被引:20,自引:3,他引:17
迄今,中国气象局已在全国建立了55000余个地面自动气象站(含国家级自动站和区域自动站)。为了促进众多台站观测资料质量提高,在实时业务中保障用户用到基本正确有效的数据,2009年底中国气象局启动了“全国自动站实时资料质量控制与综合评估系统建设”工程,旨在研制一套基本适用于全国自动站实时观测数据的质量控制技术方法,建立台站、省级、国家级资料部门的地面自动站实时资料三级质量控制与反馈业务系统。在探究自动站错误数据表现形式的基础上,研制了自动站实时观测数据质量控制技术;从业务分工与应用角度,设计建立了台站负责质量监控、省级负责质量控制和国家级主要负责质量评估的自动站实时资料三级质量控制系统。该系统已在2400多个国家级气象台站、31个省级和国家级资料部门安装部署与业务应用。通过系统建设与应用,实时上传的自动站数据质量得到明显改善。主汛期全国自动站逐小时气温、降水数据可用率分别从2009年的88%、83%提升到2012、2013年的98%左右。 相似文献
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藏南色如朗金红石矿床地质特征及控矿条件 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
藏南色如朗金红石矿床位于米拉山口断裂带东段北缘,矿床的赋矿岩石主要为绿片岩。由北向南圈定了3个矿体,矿体沿北东方向延伸,呈层状、似层状产出。矿石矿物以金红石为主,其他金属矿物有磁铁矿、赤铁矿、黄铁矿、黄铜矿、磁黄铁矿等。金红石主要为红褐色,少数为暗红褐色,呈自形-半自形柱状和他形粒状,粒径多为0.01~0.2mm,大者可达1~2mm。该矿床的形成主要受地层和变质作用控制,后期构造对矿床形态有一定的破坏作用。通过与中国典型金红石矿床地质特征对比,初步认为色如朗金红石矿床的成因类型为中低压变质型。 相似文献
6.
青藏高原羌塘中部中—上奥陶统达瓦山组的建立及意义 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
首次在藏北羌塘中部达瓦山地区识别出一套复理石沉积,厚度大于3000m,未见顶底,岩石组合以变质砂岩、杂砂岩和千枚岩为主,夹双峰式火山岩,火山岩岩性为流纹岩和玄武岩。用LA-ICP-MS同位素测定技术对流纹岩夹层中的锆石进行了U-Pb同位素测定,获得锆石的年龄为454.0±2.0Ma和458.3±1.8Ma,时代为中晚奥陶世达瑞威尔—桑比期,代表了达瓦山组的主体形成时代。在剖面测制和区域对比的基础上建立了中—上奥陶统达瓦山组,代表冈瓦纳大陆北缘中—晚奥陶世裂谷型深水-半深水复理石沉积。中—上奥陶统达瓦山组的发现和建立完善了该区中晚奥陶世的地层系统,进一步确定该区中—晚奥陶世洋盆的存在,对冈瓦纳大陆北缘中—晚奥陶世岩相古地理研究具有重要意义。 相似文献
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A nested regional climate model has been experimentally used in the seasonal prediction at the China National Climate Center (NCC) since 2001. The NCC/IAP (Institute of Atmospheric Physics) T63 coupled GCM (CGCM) provides the boundary and initial conditions for driving the regional climate model (RegCM NCC). The latter has a 60-km horizontal resolution and improved physical parameterization schemes including the mass flux cumulus parameterization scheme, the turbulent kinetic energy closure scheme (TKE) and an improved land process model (LPM). The large-scale terrain features such as the Tibetan Plateau are included in the larger domain to produce the topographic forcing on the rain-producing systems. A sensitivity study of the East Asian climate with regard to the above physical processes has been presented in the first part of the present paper. This is the second part, as a continuation of Part I. In order to verify the performance of the nested regional climate model, a ten-year simulation driven by NCEP reanalysis datasets has been made to explore the performance of the East Asian climate simulation and to identify the model’s systematic errors. At the same time, comparative simulation experiments for 5 years between the RegCM2 and RegCM NCC have been done to further understand their differences in simulation performance. Also, a ten-year hindcast (1991–2000) for summer (June–August), the rainy season in China, has been undertaken. The preliminary results have shown that the RegCM NCC is capable of predicting the major seasonal rain belts. The best predicted regions with high anomaly correlation coefficient (ACC) are located in the eastern part of West China, in Northeast China and in North China, where the CGCM has maximum prediction skill as well. This fact may reflect the importance of the largescale forcing. One significant improvement of the prediction derived from RegCM NCC is the increase of ACC in the Yangtze River valley where the CGCM has a very low, even a negative, ACC. The reason behind this improvement is likely to be related to the more realistic representation of the large-scale terrain features of the Tibetan Plateau. Presumably, many rain-producing systems may be generated over or near the Tibetan Plateau and may then move eastward along the Yangtze River basin steered by upper-level westerly airflow, thus leading to enhancement of rainfalls in the mid and lower basins of the Yangtze River. The real-time experimental predictions for summer in 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004 by using this nested RegCM NCC were made. The results are basically reasonable compared with the observations. 相似文献
9.
Implementation of a Surface Runoff Model with Horton and Dunne Mechanisms into the Regional Climate Model RegCM_NCC 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A surface runoff parameterization scheme that dynamically represents both Horton and Dunne runoff generation mechanisms within a model grid cell together with a consideration of the subgrid-scaie soil heterogeneity, is implemented into the National Climate Center regional climate model (RegCM_NCC). The effects of the modified surface runoff scheme on RegCMANCC performance are tested with an abnormal heavy rainfall process which occurred in summer 1998. Simulated results show that the model with the original surface runoff scheme (noted as CTL) basically captures the spatial pattern of precipitation, circulation and land surface variables, but generally overestimates rainfall compared to observations. The model with the new surface runoff scheme (noted as NRM) reasonably reproduces the distribution pattern of various variables and effectively diminishes the excessive precipitation in the CTL. The processes involved in the improvement of NRM-simulated rainfall may be as follows: with the new surface runoff scheme, simulated surface runoff is larger, soil moisture and evaporation (latent heat flux) are decreased, the available water into the atmosphere is decreased; correspondingly, the atmosphere is drier and rainfall is decreased through various processes. Therefore, the implementation of the new runoff scheme into the RegCMANCC has a significant effect on results at not only the land surface, but also the overlying atmosphere. 相似文献
10.
我国短期气候动力预测模式系统的研究及试验 总被引:38,自引:5,他引:33
气候和气候异常对我国的国民经济发展具有重大影响,为提高短期气候预测的准确率,研究动力气候模式短期气候预测新技术至关重要.通过近5年的努力,建立了一套出月动力延伸预报模式,海气耦合的全球气候模式(AGCM+OGCM+海冰+高分辨率印度洋-太平洋海盆模式),区域气候模式季和年际尺度的业务动力模式组成的系统.初步把我国的短期气候预测水平由经验统计方法提高到定量和客观分析的水平上.在此基础上,已建成了一个具有物理基础的统计方法与气候动力模式相结合的综合气候预报系统. 相似文献