南大洋酸化过程及其变化趋势研究进展     

陈魁  祁第  陈立奇 《极地研究》2019,31(4)

近30年的集成研究表明,南大洋吸碳能力从20世纪90年代开始出现明显的下降,但是这种减弱趋势在2002年后又开始转变为显著增强的趋势,展现出一种吸收大气中人为CO2更强的能力,这种态势伴随着南大洋的酸化进一步增强。观测表明,开阔大洋(45°S—50°S)在1991—2000年间的pH下降速率为每年0.0007,文石饱和度Ω文石以每年0.015的速率上升,而在2001—2011年间pH下降速率增大为每年0.0024,Ω文石转变为每年0.017的下降速率。在南大洋近岸海域,海洋酸化程度区域性差别很大,影响因素也更加复杂。例如,普里兹湾在1994—2010年pH和Ω文石分别下降了0.11和0.30,威德尔海在1978—2008年间的表层海水pH下降速率为每年0.0011,Ω文石下降速率为每年0.002。基于现场观测数据和遥感反演参数方法,从点线观测数据评估扩展到海区整体范围的南大洋酸化趋势评估取得了重要进展。而近期改进的模型模拟与观测结果比较在量级和更大尺度空间上都取得了较好的结果。本文对地球系统模型(ESM)预测的包括RCP 8.5等不同情境下的南大洋酸化趋势以及海洋酸化对南大洋生态系统的效应进行综合评述,结果表明到本世纪末南大洋大部分海域都将处于文石不饱和状态,预示着南大洋的酸化进展将会严重影响海洋生物地球化学变化和损坏整个南大洋的生态系统。因此,对南大洋开展海洋酸化过程、驱动机制和预测研究以及生态效应评估已严肃地摆在全人类的面前。  相似文献   

刊首语     

《华南地质》编辑部 《华南地质与矿产》2020,36(3)

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关于谨防假冒《吉林地质》网站的声明     

《吉林地质》编辑部 《吉林地质》2020,(1):I0001-I0001

最近发现,有些不法之徒窃取《吉林地质》杂志刊号、封面等杂志信息,以《吉林地质》杂志网站的名义收录论文。为维护我刊的良好声誉和广大读者的利益,《吉林地质》郑重声明如下:我刊在线投稿网站已经暂时关闭,在新网站投入使用前,现在网络上所有网址均是假冒网站。本刊与其他任何网站无合作关系,请广大作者注意甄别,谨防受骗上当。我刊保留对涉嫌侵权的单位或个人追究法律责任的权利。  相似文献   

《关于进一步规范稀土矿钨矿矿业权审批管理的通知》政策解读     

《中国自然资源报》报社 《国土资源》2019,(1)

<正>近日,自然资源部印发《关于进一步规范稀土矿钨矿矿业权审批管理的通知》(以下简称《通知》)。此次印发的《通知》是在对《国土资源部关于规范稀土矿钨矿探矿权采矿权审批管理的通知》修订的基础上出台的。本次修订基于什么样的背景,修订后有哪些新的变化?自然资源部矿业权管理司负责人对此进行了解读。修改完善势在必行2015年出台的《国部关于规范稀土矿钨矿采矿权审批管理的通知范稀土矿钨矿矿业权管发挥了积极作用,此次于什么样的背景和考量?  相似文献   

New observations and transit solutions of the inflated exoplanets HAT-P-40b and HAT-P-51b     

Diana P.Kjurkchieva  Nikola I.Petrov  Velimir A.Popov 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2021,(2)

We present high-precision photometric observations of the transiting exoplanets HAT-P-40 b and HAT-P-51 b by the Rozhen 2-m telescope.The newly-observed transit of HAT-P-40 b is the first one with a complete curve.The orbital periods of the two targets were improved.We modeled the observed transits and found bigger stellar radii than those derived from the stellar models.The planet radii of HATP-40 b and HAT-P-51 b obtained from our transit solutions are bigger than the values calculated by the empirical relations for Jupiter-mass and Saturn-mass planets respectively.Their values reveal the highlyinflated nature of the two targets,especially that of HAT-P-51 b.We established that the best transit solutions correspond to a quadratic limb-darkening law.The fitted limb-darkening coefficients of HAT-P-40 are close to the theoretical ones while those of HAT-P-51 are a little different.The precise astrometric Gaia distances of the two targets are smaller by 6%–7%than the calculated values from the stellar models.We propose the Gaia distances to be used for improvement of the stellar models as well as for more reliable calculation of the parameters of the known exoplanets.  相似文献   

Differentiated payments for environmental services schemes: Amethodology proposal     

Carlos R.AGUILAR-GóMEZ  Sergio FRANCO-MAASS  Tizbe T.ARTEAGA-REYES 《山地科学学报》2018,15(8):1693-1710

Payment schemes for environmental services face serious budget constraints in Mexico. Payments are equally distributed among forest owners, and the governmental agencies that make payments to beneficiaries do not evaluate the amount of environmental services produced by forested areas. This lack of evaluation could lead to economic and environmental deficiencies that restrict the possible benefits of such programmes. In general, these programmes do not achieve their conservation objectives, and local beneficiaries are not involved in the design or application of these programmes. Similarly, the Payments for Hydrological Environmental Services (PHES) programme of the State of Mexico, Mexico, makes equal payments to beneficiaries of forested areas considering tree density. The objective of the present work was to create a methodology for determining differentiated payments schemes for hydrological environmental services, prioritising areas that contribute the most to groundwater recharge and promote the participation of society. In the Nevado de Toluca Natural Protected Area, the environmental criteria of forest type, tree density and aquifer overexploitation as well as social participation were considered in a multi-criteria analysis implemented in a Geographic Information System. A methodology was developed to determine differentiated payments based on specific forest characteristics that influence the potential capacity of forests to recharge groundwater reserves in addition to the level of social participation. In particular, social participation is key as it could ensure the viability of PHES programmes as conservation alternatives in forested areas with high groundwater recharge potential.  相似文献   

《海洋科学》2018年第5期封面     

《海洋科学》编辑部 《海洋科学》2018,42(5)

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卡里马塔海峡水体交换的季节变化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王研  徐腾飞  李淑江  Susanto R. Dwi  Agustiadi Teguh  Trenggono Mukti  谭伟  魏泽勋 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(4):47-57

Four trawl-resistant bottom mounts, with acoustic Doppler current profilers(ADCPs) embedded, were deployed in the Karimata Strait from November 2008 to June 2015 as part of the South China Sea-Indonesian Seas Transport/Exchange and Impact on Seasonal Fish Migration(SITE) Program, to estimate the volume and property transport between the South China Sea and Indonesian seas via the strait. The observed current data reveal that the volume transport through the Karimata Strait exhibits significant seasonal variation. The winteraveraged(from December to February) transport is –1.99 Sv(1 Sv=1×10~6 m~3/s), while in the boreal summer(from June to August), the average transport is 0.69 Sv. Moreover, the average transport from January 2009 to December2014 is –0.74 Sv(the positive/negative value indicates northward/southward transport). May and September are the transition period. In May, the currents in the Karimata Strait turn northward, consistent with the local monsoon. In September, the southeasterly trade wind is still present over the strait, driving surface water northward, whereas the bottom flow reverses direction, possibly because of the pressure gradient across the strait from north to south.  相似文献   

为生态文明建设筑牢产权基石——自然资源资产产权制度改革专家谈     

《中国自然资源报》报社 《国土资源》2019,(5)

<正>日前,中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发《关于统筹推进自然资源资产产权制度改革的指导意见》(以下简称《意见》),明确了统筹推进自然资源资产产权制度改革的时间表与路线图。中国自然资源经济研究院组织专家学者和福建、江西、贵州、海南4个国家生态文明试验区自然资源厅的有关同志于4月18日举行座谈会,对《意见》要点进行了学习、研讨和解读,并就如何贯彻落  相似文献   

别样乡村别样农民     

《中国自然资源报》报社 《国土资源》2019,(8)

正崇礼与尚义儒家"崇尚礼仪"之意,具化在阴山余脉的大青山脚下。作为2022年冬奥会雪上项目的主要竞赛场地之一,河北省张家口市崇礼区近几年的发展因雪得名,更因雪得势。今年5月,河北省批准崇礼退出贫困县序列。但与崇礼并生并联的张家口市尚义县,却远没有如此幸运。作为河北省的10个深度贫困县之一,全,  相似文献