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1.
近年来随着填海人工岛的增多,其安全性备受关注。人工岛吹填区域软土地基物理力学参数差异大,地面沉陷持续时间长、成因机制复杂和防治难度大,沉陷监测工作具有重要意义。利用精密水准测量技术,通过长期跟踪监测,分析了人工岛吹填区域的变形特征,综合评估了沉降稳定性,为人工岛的环境保护、后续设计施工建设提供科学决策依据。  相似文献   
2.
Based on the open source code OpenFOAM,a three-dimensional model is presented for simulation of the interaction between waves and rubble mound breakwater with armor units.The armor units with their real geometries are depicted through computational grids.The volume-averaged RANS equation and the seepage equation containing nonlinear term are used to describe the percolation in the core and underlayer of the breakwater.Grids independence analysis are carried out,the horizontal and vertical grid size are recommended to take as one-fifteenth of the mean nominal diameter D50 of the armor units and one-fifteenth of the wave height respectively.Random wave overtopping of rubble mound breakwater with armor units is simulated through the proposed model.The results show good agreement between the simulated and measured overtopping discharge rates for different types of armor units.The developed numerical model can be used to evaluate the random wave overtopping in design of rubble mound breakwater with artificial armor blocs.  相似文献   
3.
The grazing exclusion program used by the Tibetan government to protect the ecological environment has changed the vegetation and impacted the surface heat balance in North Tibet. However, little information is available to describe the in?uences of the current grazing exclusion program on local surface heat balance. This study uses the records of fenced grassland patch locations to identify the impact of grazing exclusion on surface heat balance in North Tibet. The records of fenced grassland patch locations, including the longitude, latitude, and elevation of the vertices of each fenced patch (polygon shapes), were provided by the agriculture and animal husbandry bureaus of the counties where the patches were located. ArcGIS 10.2 was used to create polygon shapes based on patch location records. Based on satellite data and the surface heat balance system determined by the model, values for changes in land surface temperature (LST), albedo and evapotranspiration (ET) induced by grazing exclusion were obtained. All of these can influence surface heat balance and alter the fluctuation of LST in the northern Tibetan Plateau. The LST trends for day and night showed an asymmetric diurnal variation, with a larger magnitude of warming in the day than cooling at night. The maximum decrease in absorbed shortwave of LST (-0.5 - -0.4 ℃ per decade) occurred in the central region, while the minimum decrease (-0.2 - -0.1 ℃ per decade) occurred in the eastern region. The decreased latent heat lead to the LST increased maximum (>1 ℃ per decade) occurred in the central region, The eastern region increased at a rate of 0.2-0.5 ℃ per decade, while the minimum increase (0-0.1 ℃ per decade) occurred in the northwestern region.  相似文献   
4.
裂缝广泛分布于地壳岩石中并具有多尺度的特点,研究地震波在裂缝介质中的传播规律具有重要的科学意义和应用价值.含流体的裂缝中传播的Krauklis波(也曾被称为慢流体波、裂缝波、斯通利导波等)近年来逐渐成为地球物理学界的研究热点之一.本研究利用地震物理模型技术研究横波在单裂缝样品中传播时随传播方向变化的响应特征,在实验室用环氧树脂为基质构建模型样品,一个为不含裂缝的参考样品,一个为含直径30 mm、厚度0.2 mm的薄币状单裂缝的模型,利用0.5 MHz换能器测试了横波在模型中传播时透射信号的特征.实验结果显示在单裂缝样品中透射横波发生了波形的畸变和振幅降低,振幅谱显示透射信号的主频明显降低,在初至横波之后为具有一定能量的尾波.对尾波进行时频分析,发现在方位角较小时尾波能量较弱而方位角较大时尾波能量较强,尾波中信号的主频在0.1 MHz左右,与前人理论和实验研究结果一致.  相似文献   
5.
以碳排放为非期望产出,运用非期望产出的SBM模型和Malmquist生产力指数对中国沿海11个省市区(不含港、澳、台)2006-2014年的海洋经济效率和全要素生产率进行测度,分析表明:(1)中国海洋经济平均效率在研究期内一直处于较低水平,整体上处于下降态势,但在研究期末有所回升;空间上,环渤海地区海洋经济效率值与长三角地区、泛珠三角地区效率值相比始终处于最低状态,但三大经济圈差距明显;(2)中国海洋经济全要素生产率在研究期内呈现下降趋势,年均下降0.8%,主要由于海洋经济技术效率的下降;空间上由研究期初的中部高、两端低演变为期末的全国均衡发展,但南方差异较大;(3)通过Tobit模型对影响因素做出回归分析,得出海洋经济发展水平、海洋产业结构水平和海洋科研人力资本水平是海洋经济效率的驱动因素。  相似文献   
6.
对云南个旧矿田的典型控矿地带——老卡岩体凹陷带内的矿化特征、岩相学及矿相学特征和流体包裹体进行分析,进一步研究花岗岩凹陷带的成矿机理。研究认为变玄武岩中普遍发育的金云母化是导致变玄武岩型矿床中锡矿化与金属硫化物伴生的原因之一,凹陷带内带所见的金云母化和绢云母化都与成矿有着密切的关系。花岗岩凹陷带的成矿作用经历了花岗岩侵位、花岗岩叠加改造玄武岩内的"矿胚"、花岗岩蚀变、矿化沉淀这四个过程。  相似文献   
7.
陕西省"十五"数字测震台网的建成并投入运行,极大地提高了陕西测震台网地震监测能力和地震速报能力,并成功地经受了四川汶川8.0级地震的考验。在2008年5月12日14时28分汶川8.0级地震后至5月31日,陕西测震台网速报地震669个,其中在地震速报规定范围内速报5级以上地震11个。在应对2009年11月5日陕西高陵4.4级地震(Ⅰ类速报地震)和2013年7月22日甘肃岷县6.6级地震(Ⅲ类速报地震)及余震序列时,两个主震各种速报参数偏差全部符合地震速报规定对相应类别地震速报的要求。  相似文献   
8.
针对目前在突发地质灾害应急预案编制中存在缺乏统一规范要求、重点把握不准的普遍问题,使得应急预案在实际应用中往往出现可操作性不强的现状,通过分析有关行业突发事件应急预案,结合近年来编制的各级突发地质灾害应急预案经验,在综合整理分析基础上,提出突发地质灾害应急预案编制的重点及要求。  相似文献   
9.
视电阻率在电磁法勘探中起重要作用,可以作为初步解释结果,多通道瞬变电磁法通过大地脉冲响应的峰值时刻定义视电阻率.鉴于传统方法计算峰值时刻视电阻率需要恢复完整大地脉冲响应,本文通过研究大地脉冲响应及其频谱特征,提出一种新的频率域比值法.利用参考谱及其与一般谱的伸缩因子计算一般谱的峰值时刻,进而得到视电阻率.该方法只需大地脉冲响应单个频点幅度谱,从而不用估计整个大地脉冲响应.实际计算时,可以用大地脉冲响应多个频点幅度谱得到平均视电阻率.模拟数据与实测数据结果表明,在一维介质中,频率域比值法可以得到合理的视电阻率.  相似文献   
10.
As a major aldehyde pollutant widely existing in industry and our daily life, acetaldehyde is more and more harmful to human health. As characteristic habitat niche, bacteria from deep sea environments are abundant and distinctive in heredity, physiology and ecological functions. Thus, the development of acetaldehyde-degrading bacteria from deep sea provides a new method to harness acetaldehyde pollutant. Firstly, in this study,acetaldehyde-degrading bacteria in the deep sea water of the West Pacific Ocean were enriched in situ and in the laboratory respectively, and then the diversity of uncultured bacteria was studied by using 16 S r RNA genes. Then acetaldehyde-degrading strains were isolated from two samples, including enrichment in situ and enrichment in laboratory samples of deep sea water from the West Pacific Ocean using acetaldehyde as the sole carbon source,and then the ability of acetaldehyde degradation was detected. Our results showed that the main uncultured bacteria of two samples with different enrichment approaches were similar, including Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria, but the structure of bacterial community were significant different.Four subgroups, α, γ, δ and ε, were found in Proteobacteria group. The γ-Proteobacteria was dominant(63.5%clones in laboratory enriched sample, 75% clones in situ enriched sample). The species belonged to γ-Proteobacteria and their proportion was nearly identical between the two enrichment samples, and Vibrio was the predominant genus(45% in laboratory enriched sample, 48.5% in situ enriched sample), followed by Halomonas(9% in situ enriched sample) and Streptococcus(6% in laboratory enriched sample). A total of 12 acetaldehyde-degrading strains were isolated from the two samples, which belonged to Vibrio, Halomonas,Pseudoalteromonas, Pseudomonas and Bacillus of γ-Proteobacteria. Strains ACH-L-5, ACH-L-8 and ACH-S-12,belonging to Vibrio and Halomonas, have strong ability of acetaldehyde degradation, which could tolerate 1.5 g/L acetaldehyde and degrade 350 mg/L acetaldehyde within 24 hours. Our results indicated that bacteria of γ-Proteobacteria may play an important role in carbon cycle of deep sea environments, especial the bacteria belonging to Vibrio and Halomonas and these strains was suggested for their potentials in government of aldehyde pollutants.  相似文献   
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