Methane content in coal seam is an essential parameter for the assessment of coalbed gas reserves and is a threat to underground coal mining activities. Compared with the adsorption-isotherm-based indirect method, the direct method by sampling methane-bearing coal seams is apparently more accurate for predicting coalbed methane content. However, the traditional sampling method by using an opened sample tube or collecting drill cuttings with air drilling operation would lead to serious loss of coalbed methane in the sampling process. The pressurized sampling method by employing mechanical-valve-based pressure corer is expected to reduce the loss of coalbed methane, whereas it usually results in failure due to the wear of the mechanical valve. Sampling of methane-bearing coal seams by freezing was proposed in this study, and the coalbed gas desorption characteristics under freezing temperature were studied to verify the feasibility of this method. Results show that low temperature does not only improve the adsorption velocity of the coalbed gas, but also extend the adsorption process and increase the total adsorbed gas. The total adsorbed methane gas increased linearly with decreasing temperature, which was considered to be attributed to the decreased Gibbs free energy and molecular average free path of the coalbed gas molecular caused by low temperature. In contrast, the desorption velocity and total desorbed gas are significantly deceased under lower temperatures. The process of desorption can be divided into three phases. Desorption velocity decreases linearly at the first phase, and then, it shows a slow decreases at the second phase. Finally, the velocity of desorption levels off to a constant value at the third phase. The desorbed coalbed gas shows a parabolic relation to temperature at each phase, and it increases with increasing temperature at the first phase, and then, it poses a declining trend with increasing temperature at the rest phases. The experimental results show that decreasing the system temperature can restrain desorption of coalbed methane effectively, and it is proven to be a feasible way of sampling methane-bearing coal seams.
超过三分之二的地壳岩石是由来自深部的岩浆作用形成,岩浆岩记录的信息是深时数字地球(Deep-time Digital Earth,DDE)特别是深部过程研究的重要载体。岩浆岩分布范围广,样品众多,分析、定年相对方便和精确,易于数据累积。在过去的十多年,全球科学家建立了EarthChem、GEOROC、DataView等多个优秀的岩浆岩数据库。随着大数据时代的到来,地球科学也在经历向地球系统科学的重大转变。如何进一步整合分散在研究机构和个人手中的越来越多的数据,建立能服务大数据和人工智能方法的数据平台,推动地球科学研究由理论驱动的传统因果推理方法向数据驱动的大数据方法转变,是新的很有希望的突破点。文章系统介绍了目前国内外已有的岩浆岩相关数据库及其运行情况,为未来DDE计划整合全球海量岩浆岩数据,建设开放、共享、统一的大数据平台提供经验和基础。同时,也列举了以岩浆岩大数据驱动的科学研究的典型实例,并结合DDE相关任务,对利用岩浆岩大数据和人工智能进一步解决四维地球深部圈层物质构成、交换与动力学这一关键科学问题提出新的展望。 相似文献