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1.
受东北冷涡与副热带高压西北部暖湿气流影响,2015年7月27日北京地区爆发了一次具有明显对流单体合并特征的强飑线灾害性强对流天气过程。利用北京闪电定位网(BLNet)总闪定位、多普勒雷达和探空资料等,详细分析了此次飑线过程整个生命史期间不同对流区的总闪活动特征。结果表明,整个飑线过程以云闪为主,地闪活动以负地闪为主;对流单体合并时云闪数量激增,飑线过程后期正地闪比例跃增。93%的闪电主要分布在距对流线10 km范围内,层云区闪电较少;层云区的闪电电荷来源主要是由对流区的电荷经过过渡区输送而来,正地闪更易发生在过渡区和层云区。对流合并过程中有大量的水汽集中,垂直积分液态含水量(VIL)峰值超前闪电峰值24 min。利用变分多普勒雷达分析系统(VDRAS)对这次过程的三维风场进了反演,据此对单体合并期间闪电增强的动力原因进行了研究。根据VDRAS反演的动力场来看,对流云单体合并主要发生在低层辐合区内,合并后上升运动加强,上升气流范围变大,闪电活动显著增强,并主要发生在具有较强垂直风切变的区域,少部分闪电发生在对流区后部开始出现下沉气流的区域。  相似文献   
2.
Atmospheric electricity research has been conducted actively in China, having profited from the development and application of high temporal and spatial resolution lightning detection and location technologies. This paper reviews the scientific advances made in the field of atmospheric electricity in China from 2011 to 2018, covering the following five aspects:(1)lightning detection and location techniques;(2) discharge processes and parameters associated with rocket-triggered lightning;(3) physical processes in natural lightning and attachment to the ground;(4) lightning activities and charge structure in different thunderstorms; and(5) effects of thunderstorms on the upper atmosphere. In addition, some outstanding questions for future research are outlined.  相似文献   
3.
深水防波堤周围流场存在复杂的紊动变化,防波堤较容易发生失效破坏。本文利用PIV技术,基于模型实验,对规则波作用下防波堤周围的速度流场及其涡流特性进行了实验研究,获得了规则波流场的瞬时速度分布。通过对不同型式防波堤在不同的水力条件下的波浪流场实验数据的分析,定量地研究了防波堤堤身水域的涡旋流场的水力特性。  相似文献   
4.
南秦岭西乡群锆石SHRIMP U—Pb年龄及其构造地质意义   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
2009年陕西省地质志修编项目组,重点对出露于西乡县城东孙家河附近,南秦岭西乡群孙家河组英安质火山熔岩进行了锆石SHRIMP U-Pb同位素年代学和岩石化学、稀土元素、微量元素等方面的研究,获得了新的同位素年龄为814.8±5.2 Ma。认为该岛弧火山系的形成时代为青白口纪晚期,属晋宁期古扬子板块西缘与青康滇古板块汇聚的产物,为研究南秦岭扬子陆块过渡基底的形成时代,提供了有力的佐证。对进一步详细研究扬子陆块Rodinia超大陆汇聚时限及秦岭造山带的构造演化提供了新的时代证据,具有重要的地质构造意义。  相似文献   
5.
Using 12 years of data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM)-based Precipitation Radar(PR),spatial and diurnal variations of deep convective systems(DCSs)over the Asian monsoon region are analyzed.The DCSs are defined by a 20 dBZ echo top extending 14 km.The spatial distribution of DCSs genesis is also discussed,with reference to the National Centers for Environmental Prediction(NCEP)reanalysis data.The results show that DCSs occur mainly over land.They concentrate in south of 20°N during the pre-monsoon season,and then move distinctly to mid-latitude regions,with the most active region on the south slope of the Himalayas during monsoon season.DCSs over the Tibetan Plateau are more frequent than those in central-eastern China,but smaller in horizontal scale and weaker in convective intensity.DCSs in central-eastern China have more robust updrafts and generate more lightning flashes than in other Asian monsoon regions.The horizontal scale of DCSs over the ocean is larger than that over the other regions,and the corresponding minimum infrared(IR)brightness temperature is lower,whereas the convective intensity is weaker.Continental DCSs are more common from noon through midnight,and DCSs over the Tibetan Plateau are more frequently from noon through evening.Oceanic DCSs frequency has a weaker diurnal cycle with dawn maximum,and diurnal variation of DCSs over the tropical maritime continent is consistent with that over the continent.  相似文献   
6.
对南秦岭西乡群孙家河组英安质火山熔岩进行了锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄和岩石化学、稀土元素、微量元素等方面的研究。获得的锆石年龄为814.8±5.2Ma,属于晚青白口世。该年龄为研究南秦岭扬子陆块过渡基底的形成时代提供了有力的佐证,并为研究扬子陆块Rodinia超大陆汇聚时限及秦岭造山带的构造演化提供了新证据。  相似文献   
7.
用通用大气辐射传输软件CART模拟了POM02太阳辐射计的1020nm、1627nm和2200nm等3个近红外通道的大气透过率特性。结果表明,前两通道处于大气非吸收波段,其透过率很好的遵从Beer-Lambert定律,而2200nm通道则有较强的吸收,吸收光学厚度随大气质量的变化服从指数分布,与Beer-Lambert定律有一定的偏差,其定标需采用改进的Langley法。通过选取好天的5个定标实例证明,采用改进的Langley法定标2200nm通道,可提高其透过率测量精度约3.8%。  相似文献   
8.
红色精灵是发生在雷暴云上空的一种大尺度瞬态放电发光现象,它们通常出现在地面上空40~90 km之间,是由地闪回击和随后可能存在的连续电流产生的。目前,由于综合同步观测资料较少,与夏季红色精灵相比,全世界对冬季红色精灵的研究屈指可数。2008年12月27~28日,受高空槽及低层暖湿气流的影响,北美阿肯色州地区爆发了一次冬季雷暴天气过程,搭载于FORMOSAT-2卫星上的ISUAL(Imager of Sprites and Upper Atmospheric Lightning)探测器有幸在这次雷暴上空记录到了两例红色精灵事件。本文利用ISUAL获取的红色精灵观测资料、多普勒天气雷达资料、美国国家闪电定位资料、超低频磁场数据、美国国家环境中心/气候预测中心提供的云顶亮温和探空数据等综合观测数据,对产生红色精灵的这次冬季雷暴特征和相关闪电活动规律进行了详细研究。结果表明,在两例红色精灵中,ISUAL均未观测到伴随的“光晕(halo)”现象,第一例为“圆柱状”红色精灵,第二例红色精灵由于发光较暗,无法判断其具体形态。产生红色精灵的母体雷暴是一次中尺度对流系统,该系统于27日15:00(协调世界时,下同)左右出现在阿肯色州北部附近,并自西向东移动。23:59系统发展到最强,最大雷达反射率因子(55~60 dBZ)的面积达到339 km2,之后开始减弱。03:03雷暴强度有所增加,随后云体便逐渐扩散,雷暴开始减弱,并在11:00完全消散。两例红色精灵发生分别在04:46:05和04:47:14,此时雷暴处于消散阶段,正负地闪频数均处于一个较低水平且正地闪比例显著增加,并且多位于云顶亮温?40°C~?50°C的层状云区上空。红色精灵的出现伴随着30~35 dBZ回波面积的增加。在红色精灵发生期间,雷达反射率大于40 dBZ的面积减少,10~40 dBZ的面积增加,表明红色精灵的产生与雷暴对流的减弱和层状云区的发展有关,这与已有的夏季红色精灵的研究结果类似。红色精灵的母体闪电为正地闪单回击,位于中尺度对流系统雷达反射率为25~35 dBZ的层状云降水区,对应的雷达回波顶高分别为2.5 km和5 km,峰值电流分别为+183 kA和+45 kA。根据超低频磁场数据估算两个母体闪电的脉冲电荷矩变化(iCMC)分别为+394 C km和+117 C km。超低频磁天线记录到了第一例红色精灵内部的电流信号,表明这例红色精灵放电很强。  相似文献   
9.
The authors took the ETM + multi-spectra data as the data information and correlation coefficient for each band and carried out their information volume statistics. According to certain criteria, the authors also determined the optimum band-combined image. The image clarity is improved by various enhancements and fusions method. Based on remote sensing geological interpretation in detail, the relationship between remote sens- ing geological characters and gold mine were analyzed systemically. Using all kinds of remote sensing structure information, combining other research data, the authors determined mainly ore-controlling ore structure. Several prospective areas of gold ores were determined and furthermore significant finding mine target areas was confirmed.  相似文献   
10.
There were three hailstorms in Shandong Province,caused by a same northeast cold eddy situation on 1 June 2002.Cloud-to-ground (CG) flashes occurring in the weather event were observed by Shandong Lightning Detection Network (SLDN),which consists of 10 sensors covering all over Shandong Province.The temporal and spatial distributions of CG lightning are investigated for the three hailstorms by using the data from SLDN,Doppler radar and satellite.The results show that different thunderstorms present different lightning features even if under the same synoptic situation.The percentage of positive CG lightning is very high during the period of hail falling.CG flashes mainly occurred in the region with a cloud top brightness temperature lower than -50°C.Negative CG flashes usually clustered in the lower temperature region and tended to occur in the region with maximum temperature gradient,while the positive ones usually spread discretely.Negative CG flashes usually occurred in intense echo regions with reflectivity greater than 50 dBz,while the positive CG flashes often occurred in weak and stable echo regions (10-30 dBz) or cloud anvils,although they can be observed in strong convective regions sometimes.Almost all hail falling took place in the stage with active positive flashes,and the peak positive flash rate is a little prior to the hail events.The thunderstorm could lead to disastrous weather when positive CG lightning activities occur in cluster.Severe thunderstorms sometimes present a low flash rate at its vigorous stage,which is probably caused by the"mechanism of chargeregion lift"through investigating the reflectivity evolution.Combined with the total lightning (intracloud and CG) data obtained by LIS onboard TRMM,the phenomenon of high ratio of intracloud flash to CG flash in severe hailstorm has been discussed.The competition of the same charge sources between different lightning types can also be helpful for explaining the cause of low CG lightning activities in severe storms.  相似文献   
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