Catalytic ozonation of dimethyl phthalate by Ce-substituted goethite     

Z. Y. Bai  J. L. Wang  Q. Yang 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2017,14(11):2379-2388

Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) is ubiquitous in aquatic environments due to extensively used as plasticizer, which has received increasing attention in recent years. In this study, the catalytic ozonation of dimethyl phthalate was performed using Ce-substituted goethite as a novel catalyst, which was prepared by isomorphous substitution method. The specific surface area, pHpzc and surface hydroxyl density of the catalyst were determined. The catalyst was characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The removal efficiency of DMP was almost 100% after 30 min, and about 40% DMP was mineralized after 60 min, which was nearly four times higher than single ozonation. During catalytic ozonation process, anions (PO₄ ^3?, SO₄ ^2?, Cl^?) affected DMP degradation, indicating that surface hydroxyl groups on the surface of catalyst were main active sites. The electron transfer process by redox reaction between Ce³⁺/Ce⁴⁺, Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺ was proposed, and their interaction could also promote the formation of hydroxyl radicals. Ce-substituted goethite was an efficient catalyst for degradation of DMP by catalytic ozonation.  相似文献   

The paleoclimatic records and the relevance with the formation of hydrocarbon source rocks:A case study of Huanghekou depression,Bohaiwan basin     

Zhanhong LIU  Sitian LI  Renchen XIN  Changgui XU  Jianchun CHENG 《Frontiers of Earth Science》2008,2(1):73-82

Bohaiwan basin, covering an area of 200 000 km², is one of the most important oil-bearing basins in Eastern China. Rifting processes formed the basin, and two evolution phases can be recognized. The rifting phase developed in Paleogene, and post-rifting phase occurred in Neogene. More than 200 oil fields have been found in the onshore and offshore area in Bohaiwan basin in recent years. The distribution of the oil fields is closely related to the rich hydrocarbon depressions, and the Huanghekou depression is one of these rich hydrocarbon depressions. A number of large and medium-sized oil and gas fields have been found in this area, such as BZ25-1, BZ34 etc., and the hydrocarbon was mainly from the Huanghekou depression. The formation of rich hydrocarbon source rocks depended on the tectonic setting of rapid subsidence, favorable paleoclimatic conditions and paleolimnology environments. The effects of paleoclimatic condition on hydrocarbon source rocks are the focus of this paper. __________ Translated from Geological Bulletin of China, 2007, 26(7): 830–840 [译自: 地质通报]  相似文献   

Variations in the Ice Phenology and Water Level of Ayakekumu Lake,Tibetan Plateau,Derived from MODIS and Satellite Altimetry Data   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jun Chen  YongFeng Wang  LiGuo Cao  Jiajia Zheng 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2018,46(10):1689-1699

The alpine lakes on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are highly sensitive to variations in climate changes, and the lake ice phenology and water level are considered to be direct indicators of regional climate variability. In this study, we first used 14 years of moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer snow cover products to analyse the freeze dates, ablation dates, and ice coverage durations. The lake level changes during 2002–2015 were estimated, derived from satellite altimetry and Hydroweb data. Unexpectedly, the freeze dates of lake ice greatly advanced, and the ablation dates were markedly delayed. The complete freezing duration lengthened by approximately 77 days. As a result of the warm-wet climate in the northern TP, the lake area expanded from 770 to 995 km² during 2002–2015, and the water levels rose by 4.2 m in total, at a rate of 0.3 m/year. The progressive expansion of Ayakekumu Lake profoundly affected the ice phenology. Larger water volume with larger thermal capacity likely led to the delaying of ablation dates, with the freezing point depression caused by decreasing salinity. Some new narrow and shallow bays located in southern and eastern Ayakekumu Lake were conducive to early freezing of ice. Additionally, the changes in air temperature, precipitation, potential evaporation, and sunshine duration may be related to the prolonged ice cover duration since 2002. In sum, accurate measurements of lake ice and water levels are critical for understanding the water resource balance and hydrologic cycle in arid or semi-arid regions of China.  相似文献   

Mineralogy and major-element geochemistry of the lower Permian Greta Seam,Sydney Basin,Australia     

L. Zhao  C. R. Ward  D. French  I. T. Graham 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2014,61(3):375-394

The mineralogy of the high-volatile bituminous coals and associated strata from the Greta seam, Sydney Basin, Australia, has been evaluated in this study. Although the seam is not immediately overlain by marine strata, percolation of marine water into the original peat bed is indicated by the petrological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics, which resemble those of coals with marine roof strata. The upper and lower sections of the seam have contrasting mineralogy. Pyrite typically comprises 40 to 56 wt% of the mineral assemblage in the marine-influenced upper part of the seam section. The lower part contains much less pyrite (typically <5 wt%, organic-free basis), and also relatively abundant dawsonite (up to 14 wt%, organic-free basis). The minerals within most coal plies are largely of authigenic origin. These include pyrite, siderite, clay minerals (mainly kaolinite and Na-rich mixed-layer illite/smectite), and quartz, most of which have a relatively early, syngenetic origin. Minor Ti-bearing minerals, anatase or rutile, and phosphate minerals, fluorapatite and goyazite, were probably also formed during early diagenesis. Other minerals have features that indicate late-stage precipitation. These include abundant cleat- and fracture-filling dawsonite, which may be the result of reactions between earlier-precipitated kaolinite and Na₂CO₃- or NaHCO₃-bearing fluids. Minor albite may also be epigenetic, possibly precipitated from the same Ca–Al bearing fluids that formed the dawsonite. The most abundant detrital minerals in the Greta coals are quartz, poorly ordered kaolinite, illite and mixed-layer illite/smectite (I/S). These occur mainly in the floor, roof and other epiclastic horizons of the seam, reflecting periods of greater clastic influx into those parts of the original peat-forming environment. Detrital minerals are rare in the coals away from the epiclastic horizons, probably owing to almost complete sediment bypassing in the depositional system. Alternatively, any detrital minerals that were originally present may have been leached from the peat bed by diagenetic or post-diagenetic processes.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界山西组页岩气成藏条件及勘探潜力   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

付金华  郭少斌  刘新社  王义刚 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2013,(2):382-389

为了研究鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界页岩气的勘探潜力,对鄂尔多斯盆地二叠系山西组富有机质泥页岩样品有机地球化学、物性特征及等温吸附等方面测试获得的参数进行了数理统计和测井响应特征分析。研究发现:有效泥页岩单层厚度变化较大,最厚可达15m以上,盆地主体部位w(TOC)一般大于1.0%,有机质类型主要为Ⅱ2型及Ⅲ型,镜质体反射率平均为1.66%,属于成熟—高成熟阶段,有利于有机质热解生气,具备页岩气成藏的基本地质条件。黏土矿物主要以伊利石(44.9%)和高岭石(33.6%)为主,泥页岩孔隙度平均为3.98%,渗透率平均为0.133×10-3μm2。泥页岩吸附含气量平均为1.94m3/t。综合考虑泥页岩有效厚度、有机质丰度、有机质类型、热演化程度以及含气量等因素,预测鄂尔多斯盆地山西组页岩气有利区主要位于天环坳陷西北角、陕北斜坡带东北角及盆地中南部等区域。  相似文献   

黑龙江省达连河油页岩地球化学特征及成因探讨     

王世辉  陈春瑞  郑玉龙  刘胜英 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2006,36(6):933-937

论述了达连河含煤段油页岩及油页岩段油页岩的地球化学特征,探讨了两套油页岩成因。这两套油页岩地球化学性质有很多相似之处,主要表现为油页岩都属于中熔或难熔的硅质灰分,SiO2、Al2O3及Fe2O3含量很高;无机元素Mn/Ti小于0.1,Sr/Ba为0.1~0.5,V/Ni为2.6~7.0;有机质类型以腐泥腐殖型为主,正构烷烃OEP值为1.55~3.67,具奇碳数优势,主峰碳为nC23和C29,Pr/Ph比值平均高达2.30,具强烈的姥鲛烷优势,Pr/nC17比值为1.18~3.20,说明这两套油页岩都形成于淡水、近岸及弱氧化-弱还原的湖沼相沉积环境。但含煤段油页岩沉积时期高温、湿润的古气候条件下的喜湿植物面貌,使油页岩母质类型具有较多的富氢组分,这是造成两套油页岩品质差异的主要原因。  相似文献   

周家湾地区前侏罗纪古地貌恢复及油气富集规律   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

郭少斌  孙绍寒 《地球科学》2006,31(3):372-377

前侏罗纪古地貌控制着中下侏罗统沉积发育及油气的富集规律,精确恢复刻画古地貌形态对于侏罗系油气勘探至关重要.以鄂尔多斯盆地周家湾地区为例,在沉积相、砂体展布、古流向物源、古厚度恢复、古水深校正等分析的基础上,结合地质、钻井、测井等解释资料,应用三维储层建模技术,定性定量地对前侏罗纪古地貌进行了恢复.同时建立了三维砂体、孔隙度、渗透率模型,从生、储、盖、圈、运、保等油气成藏条件,直观地解释了古地貌油气富集规律.依据以上模型,预测出油气有利储集区分布在三大斜坡储集带的河流边滩砂体和河谷内的心滩处,为勘探开发提供了可靠依据.  相似文献   

原油粘度变化对水驱油开发动态影响的数学模拟方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

鞠斌山  樊太亮  王晓冬  张金川 《地球科学》2006,31(3):378-383

为了研究注水开发油田原油粘度升高对开发效果的影响,通过对实际油藏原油粘度统计,回归出了原油粘度增长模型.在三维三相黑油渗流模型的基础上,建立了一个原油粘度随含水和压力变化的油藏渗流数学模型,并采用有限差分方法建立了相应的数值模型,采用超松弛法对该模型进行了求解,用Fortran90语言开发了一个新的数值模拟器.应用该模拟器模拟了不同的原油粘度变化规律对水驱效果的影响,并与常规模拟器的结果进行了对比.结果表明:初始水油粘度比为1∶10、含水达到98%时,粘度增长指数由0增加到0.02,对应的原油采出程度由44.80%降低到34.29%.目前商业软件中忽略了原油粘度随含水升高而增加的因素,使得预测的采收率明显偏高.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地西部康克林组沉积期生物礁滩体——以柯坪地区苏巴什露头剖面为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王黎栋  于炳松  张永旺  苗继军 《现代地质》2006,20(2):291-298

塔里木盆地西部石炭纪—二叠纪发育具有良好油气勘探前景的生物礁滩体。以柯坪小区苏巴什剖面中发育的康克林组为例,并结合麦盖提小区莎车县和什拉莆剖面、阿合奇小区阿克苏四石厂剖面,对生物礁滩体类型及特征做了深入的研究,在横向上对康克林组或相当于康克林组发育的礁滩体进行了详细的岩性、岩相对比研究,在此基础上建立了研究区礁滩发育的碳酸盐岩沉积模式。研究结果认为:(1)柯坪苏巴什剖面康克林组中发育的生物礁灰岩属于原生礁岩,为台地边缘和台内浅滩生物礁滩相带沉积,分布范围广阔;(2)塔西地区康克林组沉积早期与晚期具相异的沉积环境,区域相带的迁移特征反映了海平面升降变化和古地形对沉积格局的控制;(3)康克林组沉积期生物礁滩体在塔西地区广泛发育,横向上具良好的可对比性,是塔里木盆地西部重要的勘探目的层系之一。  相似文献   

济阳坳陷古近系同沉积背斜构造及其与油气的关系   总被引：10，自引：8，他引：2  

钟延秋  李勇  郭洪金  钟建华 《大地构造与成矿学》2006,30(1):28-40

济阳坳陷由于受到多期构造运动的影响,在前第三系古地形高点背景上广泛发育同沉积背斜构造,然而由于坳陷在断陷期基底滚动式沉降,造成挠曲顶部的塌陷,形成复杂的块断结构,使本区同沉积构造发生强烈改造,往往与各次级断层或沉积地层相复合,表现出独特的构造景观。济阳坳陷发育的同沉积背斜构造可分为同沉积背斜和同沉积鼻状构造,它们在形成和发展中,重力起主导作用,滑塌是主要形式。在与油气成藏关系上,济阳坳陷同沉积背斜构造的形成与发展,对于油气的生成、运移、聚集、储集、保存等都有着至关重要的作用。  相似文献