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1.
Although the carbonate compensation depth (CCD) for calcite, generally located in the depth range 4000–5000 m, is often proposed as a physiological barrier to deep-ocean colonization, many organisms with calcareous exoskeletons are found in the deepest oceanic trenches. Serpulid polychaetes inhabiting unprotected calcareous tubes are unlikely deep-sea inhabitants, yet, they are found at all oceanic depths from intertidal to hadal. Here we review and revise the published and unpublished records of Serpulidae from below 5000 m depth. We also describe tube ultrastructure and mineralogical content of available deep-sea serpulid tubes to obtain insights into their biomineralisation. Species belonging to the genera Bathyditrupa, Bathyvermilia, Hyalopomatus, Pileolaria (spirorbin) and Protis were found at depths from 5020 to 9735 m. However, only specimens of Protis sp. were truly hadal (>6000 m) being found at 6200–9700 m. Hadal specimens of Protis have irregularly oriented prismatic tube microstructure similar to that found in more shallow-water representatives of the genus. Initial EDX analysis suggested a mostly calcitic composition (i.e., the most stable CaCO3 polymorph) on the basis of high Mg levels. Surprisingly, however, tubes of Bathyditrupa hovei and a species of Protis analysed using the more reliable method of laser Raman spectroscopy were found to be composed of aragonite. The compensation depth for this less stable CaCO3 polymorph in the oceans is usually 2000–3000 m. We found no obvious structural adaptations to life at extreme depths in the studied serpulid tubes and how serpulids are able to biomineralise and maintain their tubes below the CCD remains to be explained. 相似文献
2.
利用2011～2017年遂宁市主城区气温观测资料、MODIS卫星遥感资料,Landsat TM影像资料,结合遂宁市海绵城市建设,对遂宁市主城区城市热岛效应进行评估,得到以下结论:气象观测资料显示遂宁市主城区存在城市热岛效应,且从2011～2016年,其热岛效应总体呈下降趋势;遂宁主城区夏季热岛强度最强,春季次之。基于MODIS卫星资料分析得到:2011～2014年,遂宁主城区的城市热岛范围逐渐扩大;强热岛和极强热岛主要集中市中心,2016年到2017年,城市热岛出现了一定的缓解,强热岛和极强热岛被消除。2017年极端高温下的遂宁市主城区城市热岛效应比2006年的弱。海绵城市建设增加了遂宁市主城区绿地面积、水域面积、改变了城市路面、合理规划了城市建设,使遂宁市主城区热岛效应得到了一定的缓解。 相似文献
3.
利用ECMWF 600 hPa高度场加密逐月再分析资料,分析了强、弱季风年高原近地层低压系统的移动路径及其特征。研究结果表明：低压系统于4月在青海省西南部形成,5月沿西南方向移入西藏地区,此后低压系统呈南北向波动西移,直至到达“西至点”后转向东退于10月衰减消散;强季风年低压系统中心强度总体上较弱季风年强。强季风年低压系统移动路径偏北,南北向波动振幅较小,弱季风年低压系统移动路径偏南,南北向波动振幅较大,呈“V”形分布;孕育初生阶段低压系统的形成过程在弱季风年出现“反复”现象;发展成熟阶段高原近地层低压系统南侧印度上空低压系统形成,并且强季风年较弱季风年形成时间偏迟,位置偏南;衰减消亡阶段高原近地层低压系统西北侧的高压系统减弱消散,10月东伸高压脊的脊点在弱季风年较强季风年偏东。 相似文献
4.
川中—川南过渡带下三叠统嘉陵江组划分为局限台地相、蒸发台地相、开阔台地相3个相,8个亚相(开阔潮下、台内滩、台内雏滩、局限潟湖、台内洼地、局限潮坪、蒸发潟湖、蒸发潮坪)和18个微相。区域上嘉陵江组二段纵、横向沉积相对比结果表明:嘉陵江组二段沉积相横向上较均一、相变化较小;沉积相垂向上变化在较大范围内具有同步性。嘉二段共分5个作图单元,采取单因素法和优势相法相结合,并融合了层序地层学研究成果,较精确地展示了嘉陵江组二段不同层段的沉积相展布和演化。相对海平面升降变化和碳酸盐台地内隆坳相间古微地貌共同控制着沉积相带展布和演化。嘉陵江组二段以局限台地相和蒸发台地相为主,储集体有利发育相带是台内雏滩亚相和局限潮坪亚相,台内雏滩发育于潮坪与潟湖的过渡区附近相对高能带,局限潮坪则分布广泛。 相似文献
5.
The Daba Mountains define the southern margin of the East Qinling orogenic belt, and form the boundary of the Sichuan basin
in the north and northeast. The Daba Mountains can be divided into two structural belts by the NW-striking Chengkou fault,
namely the northern Dabashan thrust-nappe belt and the southern Dabashan foreland fold-and-thrust belt. The southern Dabashan
fold-and-thrust belt is a southwestward extruding thin-skinned thrust wedge, showing obvious belted change in deformation
style and deformation intensity along the dip direction, and can be divided further into three sub-belts, i.e. the imbricate
thrust sub-belt characterized by imbricate stepped-thrust sheets, the thrust-fold sub-belt characterized by the combination
of the equally-developed thrusts and related folds, and the detachment-fold sub-belt characterized by box folds and closed
overturned-isoclinal folds on the outcrops. Several kinds of structures have been recognized or inferred, including imbricate
thrust system, passive-roof duplex (triangle zone), fault-related folds, back-thrust system and pop-up structure. The NE-SW
compressive stress from the Qinling orogenic belt and detachment layers in the covering strata are the two most important
determinants of deformation style. After the collision between the North China block and Yangtze block at the end of the Middle
Triassic, the northward intracontinental subduction along the southern edge of the Qinling orogenic belt was initiated, which
led to the corresponding southward thrusting in the upper crust. The thrusting propagated towards the foreland through the
Jurassic and extended to the southernmost part of the southern Daba Mountains around the end of the Early Cretaceous, with
thrusting deformation to be preferentially developed along major detachment layers and progressing upwards from the Lower
Sinian through the Lower Cambrian and Silurian to Middle-Lower Triassic.
Translated from Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 2006, 30(3): 294–304 [译自: 大地构造与成矿学] 相似文献
6.
在钻井岩心观察和岩石学分析的基础上,对川中东北部龙岗地区中-下侏罗统自流井组和凉高山组典型钻井取心段碳酸盐岩样品进行了碳氧同位素分析。40余件样品的测试结果表明,δ13CPDB值在-1.24‰～4.59‰之间,除了1个负值外,都为正值。δ18OPDB值在-15.7‰～-9.83‰之间,都为负值。与海相和陆相碳酸盐岩同位素值对比显示,自流井期和凉高山期古湖泊均表现出内陆开放性淡水湖泊的特点,没有经过明显的海水入侵。在中-下侏罗统广泛存在的碳同位素正偏移是由湖泊初级生产力提高所导致的。岩相和同位素变化显示了古湖平面经历了2次主旋回和6次次级旋回变化,湖平面变化总体表现为东岳庙段沉积期＞大一三亚段沉积期＞大一亚段沉积期＞凉高山期＞马鞍山段沉积期。古湖泊初级生产力的变化表现为大一三亚段沉积期＞东岳庙段沉积期＞大一亚段沉积期＞凉高山期＞马鞍山段沉积期。 相似文献
7.
四川绵竹山洪灾害风险区划 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文基于GIS技术,运用指数模型,采用层次分析法对四川省典型山洪灾害发生区绵竹市进行山洪灾害风险区划,并运用近20年灾情资料进行验证。结果表明:绵竹市山洪灾害较高风险区、高风险区主要分布于中部的山区、沿山区,与实际情况较为一致,可为当地山洪防灾减灾工作的规划布局提供科学依据。 相似文献
8.
拟建中国遂宁地质公园位于四川盆地中部腹地,处于川中平缓褶皱带,侏罗纪地层层序发育相对完整,广泛出露侏罗系中统沙溪庙组、侏罗系上统遂宁组和蓬莱镇组地层。公园地形东部较高,逐渐向西北倾伏,总体构造方向近东西向,在大地构造上属于蓬莱镇背斜中段北翼,以发育构造变形幅度较小的平缓褶皱构造为主,断裂构造较少发育,天然气、岩盐、卤水等沉积矿产丰富。古生物化石、地层剖面和重要采矿遗址成为了公园三大主导地质遗迹。本文通过对公园内古生物化石、地层剖面和盐卤资源的成因进行分析研究,从区域地层年代划分、地层对比,古环境、古地理、古气候重建,探究四川盆地侏罗纪古地理格局与古生态环境变迁、古生物演化等方面,为提升地质公园的科学内涵与科研价值、发挥其科学普及功能提供重要的参考资料。 相似文献
9.
川中-川南过渡带雷口坡组沉积相特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据四川盆地中三叠统雷口坡组的区域背景资料,对川中—川南过渡带雷口坡组的沉积特征进行研究,认为雷口坡组属于陆表海型局限～蒸发海台地相沉积,可进一步划分为粒屑滩、半局限泻湖、局限泻湖、蒸发泻湖等4种亚相及10余种微相,其中,雷一^1亚段的颗粒滩亚相是本区雷口坡组主要的有利储集相带。通过对重点层段雷口坡组雷一^1亚段的沉积微相平面展布特征分析,建立了该亚段颗粒云岩沉积期的陆表海碳酸盐岩台地相的沉积演化模式,并认识到本区雷口坡组沉积相受古气候、相对海平面变化、构造活动以及继承性古隆起的影响,在纵向上具有继承性,平面上分布稳定。 相似文献
10.
针对四川盆地下三叠统飞仙关组层序地层存在多种不同划分方案,以高精度层序地层学理论与方法为指导,以蜀南地区飞仙关组台地相碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩为研究对象,以野外露头剖面、岩芯、钻井、测井、地震等资料为基础,综合应用岩性突变面、沉积相转换面、沉积物空间堆积样式的变化、早期成岩变化、电测井曲线特征以及地震反射特征等标志,识别出不同级次的11个层序界面,据此将本区飞仙关组划分为2个三级层序(TSQ1和TSQ2)和10个四级层序,其中TSQ1可细分出6个四级层序,TSQ2可再分出4个四级层序,并将其与传统地层单位进行对比:三级层序TSQ1和TSQ2分别对应于飞一段+飞二段地层和飞三段+飞四段地层。通过层序地层对比和层序地层格架的建立,指出这些层序在全区均具有良好的可对比性和等时性,每个层序均具有快速海侵到缓慢海退的特点,均由海侵体系域和高位体系域构成,未发现低位体系域和凝缩段。层序与储层关系的研究表明,四级层序Ⅲ和Ⅷ是台内鲕滩这种有利储集相带的主要发育层位,所形成的滩相鲕粒灰岩储层与高位体系域的向上变浅序列和早期暴露及其所导致的大气淡水淋溶改造有关,平面上集中分布于中东部地区。 相似文献