青藏高原凯蒙蛇绿混杂岩中碱性火山岩的发现及意义     

潘政  史仁灯  黄启帅  陈生生  龚小晗  吴钪  杨可 《岩石矿物学杂志》2020,39(1):18-34

班公湖-怒江洋的关闭时间直接制约青藏高原早期构造演化的认识。最近,在班公湖-怒江缝合带南侧凯蒙蛇绿混杂岩中发现一碱性火山岩,岩性主要是橄榄粗安岩,具粗面结构,斑晶主要是更长石和少量普通辉石,基质主要由更长石、普通辉石和少量填隙的碱性长石组成,有的具辉绿结构。岩石化学成分较一致,Si O2含量介于51.34%~53.91%之间,Ti O2含量为1.02%~1.55%,具有高Al2O3(17.06%~18.46%)和Na2O(4.90%~6.36%)、低K2O(0.05%~0.88%)含量特点,大多数Mg#大于60,最高68.62,里特曼指数(σ)介于3.65~4.47之间,为碱性系列火山岩;富集Sr、Rb、Ba等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Y、Yb等高场强元素,相对富集Zr、Ti,Nb/U、Zr/Nb、La/Yb等比值稳定,分别为7.45~8.51、15.92~17.26和7.26~8.06;(87Sr/86Sr)i值变化范围较小,介于0.706~0.707之间,(143Nd/144Nd)t值在0.512 368~0.512 548之间,说明源区较为一致,结合Ce/Pb-Si O2图解判断结果,认为凯蒙碱性火山岩具有原始地幔、陆壳和深海沉积物源区混合特征。锆石U-Pb同位素定年结果表明该火山岩年龄为101.8±1.1 Ma,可能形成于洋壳俯冲阶段末期,由大陆边缘陆壳与俯冲洋壳板片断离导致软流圈地幔上涌诱发部分熔融所致,推测班公湖-怒江洋大约在早白垩世晚期关闭。  相似文献   

Environmental changes in the north‐east Sunda region over the last 40 000 years     

Chuanxiu Luo  Simon Haberle  Zhuo Zheng  Rong Xiang  Chixin Chen  Gang Lin  Kumar Sazal 《第四纪科学杂志》2019,34(3):245-257

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Phase equilibrium modelling of the amphibolite to granulite facies transition in metabasic rocks (Ivrea Zone,NW Italy)     

Barbara E. Kunz  Richard W. White 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2019,37(7):935-950

The development of thermodynamic models for tonalitic melt and the updated clinopyroxene and amphibole models now allow the use of phase equilibrium modelling to estimate P–T conditions and melt production for anatectic mafic and intermediate rock types at high‐T conditions. The Permian mid‐lower crustal section of the Ivrea Zone preserves a metamorphic field gradient from mid amphibolite facies to granulite facies, and thus records the onset of partial melting in metabasic rocks. Interlayered metabasic and metapelitic rocks allows the direct comparison of P–T estimates and partial melting between both rock types with the same metamorphic evolution. Pseudosections for metabasic compositions calculated in the Na₂O–CaO–K₂O–FeO–MgO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂–H₂O–TiO₂–O (NCKFMASHTO) system are presented and compared with those of metapelitic rocks calculated with consistent end‐member data and a–x models. The results presented in this study show that P–T conditions obtained by phase equilibria modelling of both metabasic and metapelitic rocks give consistent results within uncertainties, allowing integration of results obtained for both rock types. In combination, the calculations for both metabasic and metapelitic rocks allows an updated and more precisely constrained metamorphic field gradient for Val Strona di Omegna to be defined. The new field gradient has a slightly lower dP/dT which is in better agreement with the onset of crustal thinning of the Adriatic margin during the Permian inferred in recent studies.  相似文献   

云南哀牢山-红河剪切带新生代富碱侵入岩中榍石年代学和地球化学特征     

马倩  杨岳衡  赵志丹  佟鑫  武精凯  苗壮  李晨  雷杭山 《岩石学报》2020,36(9):2751-2764

榍石作为副矿物在哀牢山-红河剪切带新生代富碱侵入岩中广泛存在。原位获取榍石矿物内部微量元素、U-Pb年龄和Sm-Nd同位素的空间变化对获取矿物和岩石的成因演化信息具有重要意义。本文使用四级杆/多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱(Quadrupole/Multi-Collector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry,Q/MC-ICP-MS)与激光剥蚀系统(Laser Ablation,LA)联用,对哀牢山-红河剪切带5个富碱侵入岩体(桃花岩体、宁蒗-永胜岩体、哈播岩体、铜厂岩体和十里村岩体)中榍石开展了微区原位微量元素、U-Pb年代学和Sm-Nd同位素研究。微量元素分析结果表明,三江富碱侵入岩中榍石为岩浆成因,亏损Rb、Ba、Pb、Sr等大离子亲石元素,富集Th、U、Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等高场强元素。榍石的稀土配分图均表现为明显右倾,不具有或具有弱的Eu负异常。与云南北衙、马厂箐矽卡岩矿床中的热液榍石相比,本文榍石在稀土元素组成上,具有较高的稀土元素总量、较高的Th/U、LREE/HREE和Ce/Ce*比值,具有较低的Eu/Eu*、Nb/Ta、Zr/Hf比值。微区原位LA-Q-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明,研究区富碱岩体中榍石结晶年龄在32.5～37.9Ma之间,代表了岩体形成时代,与三江地区哀牢山-红河剪切带及其附近新生代富碱岩浆活动高峰期(～35Ma)一致,属于青藏高原晚碰撞期岩浆作用的产物。榍石微区原位LA-MCICP-MS Sm-Nd同位素分析结果显示,榍石颗粒的Nd同位素组成均一,表明榍石结晶过程中寄主岩浆的Nd同位素组成没有发生明显变化。各个富碱岩体之间的榍石Nd同位素组成变化范围在-6.8～-2.1之间,与全岩的同位素特征一致,表明榍石的原位微区Sm-Nd同位素可以作为富碱侵入岩研究中有效的示踪手段之一。  相似文献   

Population connectivity of an overexploited coastal fish,Argyrosomus coronus (Sciaenidae), in an ocean-warming hotspot     

R Henriques  WM Potts  CV Santos  WHH Sauer  PW Shaw 《African Journal of Marine Science》2018,40(1):13-24

The West Coast dusky kob Argyrosomus coronus is a commercially exploited fish with a distribution confined to the Angola–Benguela Frontal Zone (ABFZ) of the southeastern Atlantic Ocean. A previous study revealed that during a recent period of local warming the species extended its distribution into Namibian waters, where it hybridised with the resident and congeneric Argyrosomus inodorus. Environmental changes are a major threat to marine biodiversity and when combined with overfishing have the potential to accelerate the decline of species. However, little is known regarding the evolutionary history and population structure of A. coronus across the ABFZ. We investigated genetic diversity, population structure and historical demographic changes using mtDNA control region sequences and genotypes at six nuclear microsatellite loci, from 180 individuals. A single, genetically homogeneous population was indicated across the distributional range of A. coronus (φ_ST = 0.041, F_ST = 0.000, D = 0.000; p > 0.05). These findings imply that the oceanographic features within the ABFZ do not appear to significantly influence population connectivity in A. coronus, which simplifies management of the species. However, reconstruction of the demographic history points to a close link between the evolutionary history of A. coronus and the environmental characteristics of the ABFZ. This outcome suggests the species’ vulnerability to the rapid environmental changes being observed across this region, and highlights a pressing need for transboundary management to mitigate the impacts of climate change in this global hotspot of seawater temperature changes.  相似文献   

利用接收函数方法研究中国东北东南部地区不同构造体的地壳特征   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

李天觉  陈棋福 《地球物理学报》2019,62(8):2899-2917

基于我们布设的探测深俯冲的中国东北地震台阵NECsaids台阵和固定地震台长时段的观测记录及NECESSArray流动台阵共计152个台站数据提取得到的33752条P波接收函数，采用H-κ叠加分析和共转换点（CCP）叠加成像等方法进行统一分析处理，并汇集他人接收函数研究结果得到中国东北东南部地区迄今为止最高分辨率的地壳厚度和平均波速比分布图像.对中国东北东南部地区不同构造体的地壳特征综合分析研究表明：研究区不同陆块的地壳属性存在明显差别，张广才岭地块中南部的地壳厚度和波速比与华北克拉通东北缘相当，地壳厚度同地表地形之间显示有明显的正相关关系；松辽地块东南缘地壳最薄、波速比最高，地壳厚度同壳内波速比之间显示出明显的负相关关系；兴凯地块西部地区的地壳结构表现为稍厚的地壳厚度和研究区内最低的壳内波速比，其地壳厚度同壳内波速比之间亦显示出明显的负相关关系；佳木斯地块西南缘在具有"正常"的壳内波速比同时地壳最厚.研究区内的郯庐断裂带北延段在切穿其下Moho面的同时表现出南北分段的特征：北段（44.4°N—47°N）两分支之下的Moho面整体下凹，而南段（41.5°N—43.3°N）两分支之下的Moho面则整体上隆.长白山天池火山下方表现为Moho面下凹沉落及高壳内波速比特征，推测其壳内岩浆囊很可能存在于火山口东北隅至少10 km的范围内.  相似文献   

Bibliometric Analysis of Research Progress on Coastal Surface Water and Groundwater Interaction     

Tianzheng Cao  Dongmei Han  Xianfang Song  Wei Liu  Di Du 《地球科学进展》2020,35(2):154-166

The interactions among surface water, groundwater and seawater are closely related in the coastal area with complex hydrological conditions. A series of impacts from human activities and climate change are also more significant in this region. In order to understand the key knowledge and research status of surface water and groundwater interaction in coastal area, it is a useful method to analyze literatures in this research scope in the core database of Web of Science by using CiteSpace. The research achievements in this field were systematically sorted and potential research hotspots were explored, which may provide references for subsequent researches. The results show the following. \mathrm{①} The number of highly cited articles and highly burst articles in this research field has increased significantly since 2010. At present, this field is still in the development stage and has a broad research prospect. \mathrm{②} The United States, Australia, China and Germany have done plenty of researches on this issue and achieved a lot. At present, the number of research achievements supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China is in the lead over the world. \mathrm{③} Seawater intrusion, submarine groundwater discharge, the relationship between tide and hydrological conditions are the main research direction in this field. Hydrochemistry and isotopic analysis, and numerical simulation are the most important research methods in this field. \mathrm{④} The potential development directions and breakthroughs in this field include submarine groundwater discharge, the evolution of coastal mangrove wetlands, the migration and transformation of nutrients, the influences of different hydrological factors on coastal areas, and the impact of climate change on coastal areas. Overall, the future development of surface water and groundwater research in coastal areas is inseparable from the cross-integration of various disciplines, mutual verification of multiple methods and the introduction of new technical means.  相似文献   

长江口盐度梯度下不同形态碳的分布、来源与混合行为   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

叶君  姚鹏  徐亚宏  王金鹏  赵彬 《海洋学报》2019,41(4):15-26

河口碳的生物地球化学过程是全球碳循环的重要组成。通过测定溶解无机碳（DIC）及其稳定同位素丰度（δ13C_DIC），溶解有机碳（DOC），有色溶解有机物（CDOM），颗粒有机碳（POC）及其稳定同位素丰度（δ13C_POC）与元素比值（N/C）及相关指标，研究了2014年7月长江口盐度梯度下不同形态碳的分布、来源和混合行为。结果表明，DIC浓度、DOC浓度、POC含量分别为1 583.2~1 739.6 μmol/L，128.4~369.4 μmol/L和51.2~530.8 μmol/L，这些不同形态碳及CDOM的荧光组分的分布模式相似，均是从口内到口外，整体呈现先增大后减小的趋势，并与盐度呈现非保守混合行为。添加作用主要发生在在口门处最大浑浊带附近。与含量相反，从口内到口外，δ13C_DIC和δ13C_POC均呈现逐渐减小再增大的趋势，在口门附近达到最低值，分别为-9.7‰和-26.7‰。在口门附近不同形态碳含量上升及δ13C_DIC、δ13C_POC的降低可能主要与沉积物再悬浮及微生物作用有关。基于蒙特卡洛模拟的三端元混合模型的结果显示，河口内外POC来源变化明显，口内POC以陆源有机碳贡献为主，平均为62.3%，口外海源贡献逐渐增加。CDOM相关参数结果表明长江口CDOM主要来自陆源输入，海源及人类活动等也对其产生影响。  相似文献   

西藏班戈地区后碰撞花岗岩岩石成因及其对班公湖--怒江缝合带演化的约束     

鲁洪涛  黄维平  刘振宇  郑明  李海峰 《吉林地质》2020,39(1):12-23

本文对班戈雪如岩体似斑状二长花岗岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、微量元素和全岩地球化学研究,探讨了其形成年代、成岩条件和构造背景。结果表明雪如岩体侵位于晚白垩世晚期(76±1 Ma),锆石饱和温度计和锆石Ti温度计计算其成岩温度分别为760~810℃和738~814℃,较低的锆石相对氧逸度反映成岩环境为还原环境。全岩地球化学分析结果显示其具有高硅、富碱和准铝质--弱过铝质特征,大离子亲石元素和LREE富集,高场强元素和HREE相对亏损。雪如岩体是中地壳部分熔融的产物,源区残留相为斜长角闪岩相,岩浆结晶过程中发生角闪石和斜长石的分离作用。地球化学投图结合区域构造演化显示其形成于后碰撞伸展环境,表明班公湖-怒江缝合带中段地区在晚白垩世晚期已经进入后碰撞伸展阶段。  相似文献   

郯庐断裂带肥东北部文集地区构造岩类型与构造变形分析     

袁芳  宋传中  LIN ShouF  石永红  李加好  李振伟  王微  王阳阳 《岩石学报》2020,36(2):601-620

位于郯庐断裂带中南部的肥东地区是郯庐断裂带内韧性剪切带出露的主体区域之一。本文从肥东北部文集地区的构造岩组成及其变形入手,通过详细的野外观测、室内显微构造变形分析来确定该地区构造变形的几何学形态及其涡度、有限应变、分维度、差异应力、应变速率等参数。研究区主要出露角闪岩相肥东变质杂岩,构造岩以糜棱岩和糜棱岩化片麻岩为主,岩石变形强烈。根据极摩尔圆法得到的运动学涡度值为0.729~0.870,指示区域内的韧性剪切活动以简单剪切为主。几何学形态上,肥东北部文集地区构造整体呈一背形展出,其枢纽走向NE-SW,轴面倾向SE,物质及变形强度等方面均表现出一定的规律和对称性。研究区内动态重结晶石英颗粒边界具有统计学上的自相似性,其分维值D在1.143~1.208之间,且自背形核部向两翼,颗粒粒径增大,分维值减小。差异应力Δσ介于17.86~55.18MPa之间,应变速率ε值在1.960×10^-13~7.330×10^-12s^-1之间,且背形核部差异应力和应变速率较两翼大,呈近似对称性分布。通过对比以上构造参数可以发现,区内差异应力和应变速率表现出一定的正相关性,自核部向两翼二者均呈减小趋势;动态重结晶石英颗粒则与应变速率呈负相关性,即核部颗粒细小、两翼增大。本文从几何学、运动学以及显微构造变形分析等方面对该区构造变形展开精细化研究,借此来分析肥东北部地区郯庐断裂带的构造形态和运动学特征,这对进一步认识郯庐断裂带的演化过程及构造模型的建立有着重要的意义。  相似文献