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1.
李金锁  刘喜方  牛新生  商斌  李国臣 《地质学报》2020,94(10):3130-3143
通过对西藏藏北高原多格错仁盐湖湖岸3101cm高度剖面进行地形地貌、地层沉积特征、矿物学特征及粒度、频率磁化率等气候环境变化指标的分析研究发现,整个剖面反映出大致6个较大的气候变化过程:233. 3kaBP~223. 5kaBP气候波动较大,总体趋势气候趋于干冷,期间出现过两次较温暖气候,之后气候逐渐变冷;在223. 5kaBP~213. 6kaBP总体变化为气温大幅度上升,但在期间有一次较大的相对冷干过程;213. 6kaBP~170kaBP之间总体变化气候趋于变冷,中间有2次明显的气候变暖湿过程及两次冷干过程;170kaBP~117. 1kaBP气候转为明显湿热;117. 1kaBP~75. 6kaBP气候变化趋势明显降低;75. 6kaBP~56. 7kaBP气候又明显上升达到湿热状态。以上气候波动规律与极地冰芯记录及深海氧同位素记录的古气候波动规律有很好的一致性,同时本盐湖区与柴达木盆地察尔汗盐湖区的CH0310钻孔及青海湖南岸二郎剑阶地的 QH 86钻孔所揭示的中更新世晚期以来的气候变化的分析对比,发现西藏羌北的多格错仁盐湖区与青海的察尔汗盐湖区及青海湖湖区在更新世中晚期以来的气候环境变迁存在极好的可比性,说明青藏高原的气候演化在中晚更新世以来基本具有一致性,在时间上的微小超前与滞后具有区域上的细微变化,说明气候变迁在不同的区域又具有各自的独特性。  相似文献   
2.
李威武  倪光清 《云南地质》2009,28(1):99-101
绳索取心钻探时,斜孔钻进发生的埋钻事故较难处理,在松软易碎地层中埋钻事故又极难预防。经多年实践,提出事故发生后采取优化钻孔井身结构,结合爆破法处理有效省时,节约成本又减少损失。  相似文献   
3.
羌塘盆地多格错仁地区盐泉地球化学特征及成钾预测   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
多层次、大面积发育的石膏和前人的古地理资料表明,羌塘盆地侏罗纪海相地层具有较好的成盐地质条件。在多格错仁周缘地区侏罗系发育有一系列氯化钙型的盐泉。通过野外地质工作,采集了30个盐泉的水样,并在室内对其地球化学组成和氢氧同位素组成进行了测定。地球化学分析表明,盐泉中富集Na+、Cl-、Ca2+、K+、Li和Rb,Br和B含量相对贫乏,而地球化学特征系数显示了明显的找钾异常。盐泉水的氢氧同位素特征表明盐泉的供给水源为大气降水,大气降水进入研究区岩层后成为地下水,溶滤了地层中的盐类矿物,从而形成了溶滤卤水,这与地球化学特征系数的判别结果是一致的。综合看来,多格错仁南岸找钾远景显示最好,该点盐泉具有盐度高、K+含量高的特征,而且很可能溶滤了钾盐-石盐岩、钾盐层,万安湖西北、源泉河、东温泉盐泉找钾远景次之,主要表现为盐度相对较低,但是含钾显示也异常明显。  相似文献   
4.
杨国云 《云南地质》2009,28(2):201-205
绳索取芯钻进技术改变传统的提钻取芯过程,降低劳动强度,大幅度提高时间利用率、钻探效率及取芯质量。目前,绳索取芯钻进方法已经广泛应用于地质勘探、工程勘察和水文工程地质等多种要求采取岩芯的钻进工程中。本文结合云南某矿区勘察工程钻孔实例,通过小口径绳索取芯钻进工艺与普通取芯钻进工艺对比来说明其先进、高效的特点。  相似文献   
5.
The analysis of well logging data plays key role in the exploration and development of hydrocarbon reservoirs. Various well log parameters such as porosity, gamma ray, density, transit time and resistivity, help in classification of strata and estimation of the physical, electrical and acoustical properties of the subsurface lithology. Strong and conspicuous changes in some of the log parameters associated with any particular geological stratigraphy formation are function of its composition, physical properties that help in classification. However some substrata show moderate values in respective log parameters and make difficult to identify the kind of strata, if we go by the standard variability ranges of any log parameters and visual inspection. The complexity increases further with more number of sensors involved. An attempt is made to identify the kinds of stratigraphy from well logs over Prydz bay basin, East Antarctica using fuzzy inference system. A model is built based on few data sets of known stratigraphy and further the network model is used as test model to infer the lithology of a borehole from their geophysical logs, not used in simulation. Initially the fuzzy based algorithm is trained, validated and tested on well log data and finally identifies the formation lithology of a hydrocarbon reservoir system of study area. The effectiveness of this technique is demonstrated by the analysis of the results for actual lithologs and coring data of ODP Leg 188. The fuzzy results show that the training performance equals to 82.95% while the prediction ability is 87.69%. The fuzzy results are very encouraging and the model is able to decipher even thin layer seams and other strata from geophysical logs. The result provides the significant sand formation of depth range 316.0- 341.0 m, where core recovery is incomplete.  相似文献   
6.
正Introduction Through the study of environmental change indicators:landform,strata sedimentary characteristics,mineralogy characteristics and Grain-size,magnetic susceptibility analysis for 3101 cm height profile of Dogai Coring salt lake shore in the northern of Tibet plateau,the conclusion is roughly obtained about six major climate change process:  相似文献   
7.
Geotechnical properties from a series of deep-sea sites in the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans are examined to evaluate overall trends and to compare with similar fine-grained soils found on land. The study areas encompass a range of sedimentary environments dominated by combinations of turbidite and pelagic deposits. Carbonate content in excess of 20% is seen to result in a decrease in liquid limit and compressibility. Vertical profiles of geotechnical properties in the North Pacific show broader changes in down-core geotechnical properties compared to the North Atlantic and reflect the effects of long-term climatic changes and seafloor spreading. Sediments in the North Atlantic indicate significant differences depending on location, which is attributed to variability in turbidite deposition, water depth, distance from sediment sources, and the effects of bottom currents. Compared to equivalent fine-grained soils on land, deep-sea sediments are generally softer, more compressible and have higher friction angles at comparable Atterberg limits. Deeper and older sediments in the North Pacific are characterized by unusually large plastic limits, which are attributed to the presence of volcanic fractions. Empirical relationships for compression index and friction angle are discussed for sediments from both oceans.  相似文献   
8.
In the 1960s Russian scientists made what was then a bold assertion that gas hydrates should occur in abundance in nature. Since this early start, the scientific foundation has been built for the realization that gas hydrates are a global phenomenon, occurring in permafrost regions of the arctic and in deep water portions of most continental margins worldwide. In 1995, the U.S. Geological Survey made the first systematic assessment of the in-place natural gas hydrate resources of the United States. That study suggested that the amount of gas in the gas hydrate accumulations of northern Alaska probably exceeds the volume of known conventional gas resources on the North Slope. Researchers have long speculated that gas hydrates could eventually become a producible energy resource, yet technical and economic hurdles have historically made gas hydrate development a distant goal. This view began to change in recent years with the realization that this unconventional resource could be developed with existing conventional oil and gas production technology. One of the most significant developments was the completion of the BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well on the Alaska North Slope, which along with the Mallik project in Canada, have for the first time allowed the rational assessment of gas hydrate production technology and concepts. Almost 40 years of gas hydrate research in northern Alaska has confirmed the occurrence of at least two large gas hydrate accumulations on the North Slope. We have also seen in Alaska the first ever assessment of how much gas could be technically recovered from gas hydrates. However, significant technical concerns need to be further resolved in order to assess the ultimate impact of gas hydrate energy resource development in northern Alaska.  相似文献   
9.
The soft uppermost sediments in lakes and wetlands contain important records of past environmental change. Although the technology for coring these sediments is relatively well established, there has been a continuing effort to improve the design of equipment that can provide the precise volumetric samples required for high-resolution dating and elemental analysis. Soft-sediment cores are usually sectioned near a coring site under a wide range of field conditions creating a challenge for both field crews and equipment. A new field extruder was therefore designed to simplify the process of fine-sectioning these cores in the field while improving volumetric-sampling accuracy. The new extruder is relatively light, stable, and easy to use, but sufficiently strong to extrude long continuous cores of stiff sediment if required. The key features of this extruder minimize sampling errors by enabling an operator to automate the measurement and extrusion of a pre-determined volume of sediment. The extruder was successfully field tested on a variety of sediment types in a large wetland from southern Florida, USA and proved easy to master by even inexperienced field crews.  相似文献   
10.
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