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基于峡东秭归青林口、泗溪和宜昌晓峰河埃迪卡拉系下部陡山沱组剖面岩石、层序和精细的碳同位素地层研究,在埃迪卡拉系下部陡山沱组底部、下部、中部、上部和顶部分别识别出5次以灰岩出现或黑色页岩增厚为标志的海侵事件,划分出5个可以进行区域对比的三级层序,自下而上分别命名为BDSS,LDSS,MDSS,UDSS和TDSS。以层序界面为对比标志,峡东埃迪卡拉纪不同古地理部位碳同位素组成变化的对比显示峡东埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组中内部发育5次可以进行区域乃至全球对比的碳同位素负异常,分别是分布在BDSS下部的SN1,LDSS上部的SN2,MDSS上部和顶部的SN3和SN4,以及分布在UDSS上部的SN5。其中SN1和SN4碳同位素负偏离最为明显,最小δ13C分别达到-4‰~-5‰和-9‰~-10‰,分别与Marinoan冰期上覆盖帽白云岩以及Gaskier冰碛沉积上、下地层中的碳同位素组成特点接近。SN4是埃迪卡拉系最晚冰期的产物。与SN1是埃迪卡拉系底界划分对比的标志相对比,SN4的出现应该是埃迪卡拉系内部再划分中另一个不可忽视的界线标志。 相似文献
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An abundant and diversified assemblage of benthic fossils from the Ediacaran Doushantuo black shales in the Wenghui section of Guizhou Province contains two discoidal carbonaceous forms, Kullingia rotadiscopsis sp. nov. and Eoaequorea xingi gen. & sp. nov. The fossils have well-preserved concentric rings and radiating lines, and resemble many circular casts and moulds in Ediacaran clastic and carbonate rocks in the world, such as Aspidella, Ediacaria, Cyclomedusa, Eoporpita, Ovatoscutum, Spriggia and Kullingia. The Doushantuo carbonaceous macrofossils help us to inquire into the current functional identifications of circular disks as the holdfasts of unknown organism or scratch circles. Although there is not sufficient correspondence in morphology to warrant reinterpreting all previously described Kullingia and Aspidella form-genus-type structures, these carbonaceous compressions are prone to be the ancestor of pelagic jellyfish-like organisms with medusoid hydrozoan affinity. 相似文献
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Breandán Anraoi MacGabhann 《地学前缘(英文版)》2014,5(1):53-62
The term‘Ediacara Biota’(or many variants thereof)is commonly used to refer to certain megascopic fossils of Precambrian and early Palaeozoic age e but what does the term actually mean?What differentiates a non-Ediacaran‘Ediacaran’and an Ediacaran‘Ediacaran’from an Ediacaran non-‘Ediacaran’?Historically,the term has been used in either a geographic,stratigraphic,taphonomic,or biologic sense.More recent research and new discoveries,however,mean that the term cannot actually be defned on any of these bases,or any combination thereof.Indeed,the term is now used and understood in a manner which is internally inconsistent,and unintentionally implies that these fossils are somehow distinct from other fossil assemblages,which is simply not the case.Continued use of the term is a historical relic,which has led in part to incorrect assumptions that the‘Ediacara Biota’can be treated as a single coherent group,has obscured our understanding of the biological change over the PrecambrianeCambrian boundary,and has confused research on the early evolution of the Metazoa.In the future,the term‘Ediacaran’should be restricted to purely stratigraphic usage,regardless of affnity,geography,or taphonomy;suffcient terminology also exists where reference to specimens on a geographic,taphonomic,or biologic basis is required.It is therefore time to abandon the term‘Ediacara Biota’and to instead treat equally all of the fossils of the Ediacaran System. 相似文献
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中国东南部新元古代冰碛岩地层分布于扬子板块的皖南、浙北、浙西和赣东地区,其中皖南休宁、歙县、浙北富阳、浙西建德及开化等地保存有两套冰碛岩和含锰碳酸盐岩地层,自下而上四分,而非以往认为的三分,分别记录了冰期-解冻期-冰期-解冻期四个阶段的沉积,这两个冰期分别为古城冰期和南沱冰期,相当于国外的司图特冰期(Sturtian glaciation)和马林诺冰期(Marinoan glaciation)。浙西江山和赣东广丰等地则只保存了一套冰碛岩和含锰碳酸盐岩地层,记录了冰期-解冻期两个阶段的沉积,地质年代为南沱冰期。由上可见,南沱冰期比古城冰期规模更大,冰碛沉积的范围更广泛,对铁、锰、硅及磷的富集成矿有更加重要的意义。 相似文献
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ZHANG Xingliang Joachim REITNER 《《地质学报》英文版》2006,80(5):636-642
The Ediacaran Dickinsonia is well-known for being the only fossil to be assigned to many phyla, ranging from lichens, Cnidaria, Piatyheiminthes, Annelida, and a phylum of its own to a nonmetazoan kingdom. A new specimen from the Ediacaran fine-grained sandstone on the Winter Coast of the White Sea in northern Russia, which has an age of -555 million years ago, preserved convincing internal anatomies of definite animals, comparable with meridionai canals of extant ctenophores （comb jellies）. Additionally, we reconsidered Dickinsonia as a biradiaily symmetrical animal rather than a bilateral one as previously thought. The animal nature of Dickinsonia is, thus, well established and its affinities are most probably allied to ctenophores. This research is not only removing Dickinsonia from Vendobionta, but also bringing the fossil record of ctenophores forward to 20 million years before the Cambrian ＂explosion＂. 相似文献
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湘西震旦纪武陵山生物群的化石形态学特征和归属 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
湘西桃源理公港震旦系留茶坡组中部黑色页岩中的炭质压膜化石,为研究末前寒武纪晚期生物学提供了一个稀有的布吉斯页岩型分类学窗口。根据已知属种和新获材料的研究,确定了17个明显的形态类型,讨论了每种形态类型特征及其可能的生物学属性,指出除个别化石可能为两侧对称动物外,其余绝大多数化石可以解释为原核生物或多细胞藻类,系统发育上与绿藻、褐藻、蓝藻细菌等相关。具固着器、叶状体为球状或具同心纹构造的Apsidiumsphaericus的发现,进一步证明典型埃迪卡拉动物群(或白海生物群)中简单的圆盘状化石可能为多细胞藻类,而不是水母。武陵山生物群中具同心纹结构的大型圆盘状化石的出现及其共生生物特点,指示该生物群是埃迪卡拉期生物分异发展阶段的产物,是末前寒武纪晚期一个以多细胞藻类发育为特色的新型生物群。 相似文献
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Hiemalora是一类广为分布的埃迪卡拉(Ediacaran)纪(震旦纪)圆盘状印痕化石,周围具流苏状或触须状突起,曾被解释为似水母动物,或某种叶状生物的固着器官,但以往罕见其与叶状生物体共同保存。本文报道了华南贵州震旦纪陡山沱组一类保存完好丰富的被确认为藻类的碳膜化石——革辛娜藻Gesinella,具有完整的须状固着构造。这一须状构造的形态和大小与Hiemalora非常相似,致密加厚的基部及其周围辐射状分布的丝状或须根状构造,可以分别和后者的中央盘以及周缘突起的"触须"相比较。陡山沱组的这一类碳膜化石同时保存有明显巨大的形同藻类的叶片和固着器,为研究埃迪卡拉生物群的底栖印痕化石提供了新的认识,即:盘状的Hiemalora可能是多细胞藻类的固着器官,而不一定是最初解释的似水母动物或其它叶状体生物的固着构造。不过,证实这一点尚需更进一步地研究埃迪卡拉纪生物的保存方式和埋藏环境。 相似文献
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R. J. F. Jenkins C. H. Ford J. G. Gehling 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(1-2):101-119
The Ediacara fossil assemblage occurs widely in the Flinders Ranges, South Australia, in a single, readily mappable stratigraphic interval—the Ediacara Member of the Rawnsley Quartzite, which is part of the Pound Subgroup of the Wilpena Group. The Member occurs low in the Rawnsley Quartzite and consists of siltstones, medium‐ to thick‐bedded sandstones, and heterolithic units of intercalated siltstone and sandstone. Features such as rhythmical bedding and flaser bedding, interference and flat‐topped ripples, winnowed coarse sand residues, abundant clay galls, and rare desiccation cracks suggest that the heterolithic siltstone/sandstone units represent intertidal deposits. The rich body‐fossil assemblage occurs chiefly in these deposits of probable intertidal origin, and for the most part appears to represent organisms stranded by the tide away from their normal habitat. Associated bioturbation structures include horizontal, penetrative (post‐depositional) burrows, but vertical dwelling burrows have not been found; the Pound Subgroup evidently pre‐dates their widespread appearance. The Rawnsley Quartzite appears to have been deposited during cycles of marine transgression, with the Ediacara Member inferred to have accumulated in environments varying from shallow shelf to tidally influenced lagoons sheltered by barrier bars. 相似文献
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