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针对孔隙渗透地层的随钻声波测井问题，用Biot-Rosenbaum孔隙弹性波测井理论推导了孔隙地层的随钻井孔声场表达式.据此考察了随钻条件下井中斯通利波的波形、相速度频散、衰减以及相速度对渗透率的灵敏度，并与电缆测井中的情况进行了对比.数值模拟结果表明，随钻条件下斯通利波对地层渗透率的灵敏度相对于电缆测井有明显增加，更有利于用来反演地层渗透率.为快捷有效地处理现场测井数据和反演计算，采用简化Biot-Rosenbaum理论和钻铤的等效模型，对随钻斯通利波的频移和时滞进行联合反演.结果表明，随钻斯通利波反演的渗透率与核磁渗透率和岩心覆压测试渗透率符合较好，并且与常规测井曲线所反映的储层性质具有较好的一致性，证明了利用随钻斯通利波评价地层渗透率的有效性. 相似文献
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提出了一种可用于随钻三维反射声波成像测井的圆弧片状声源，推导了该声源声学性质在波数-频率域内的数学描述，并利用实轴积分的方法对该声源在井旁地层中产生的声场进行求解，考察了声源的线度、频率等因素对该声源向地层中辐射的声场的影响.研究结果表明，特定尺寸和特定频率下的圆弧片状声源产生的纵波场的水平和垂直指向性图中仅具有一个明显的主瓣，且主瓣三分贝角宽较窄，方位分辨率较高，指向性良好，适用于随钻三维反射成像测井；SV波场和SH波场的指向性图中存在两个或者多个角瓣，SV波场在垂直于井轴方向上辐射的能量为0，另外在井中发射和接收的反射SH波场和SV波场会相互干扰，所以难以利用SV波场和SH波场进行三维反射声波成像；声源的线度和频率等因素对其辐射声场影响较大，考虑到激励效率和方位分辨率等因素，对于本文描述的井孔模型，选择圆周角在75°和90°之间， 主频为12 kHz左右的声源是合适的. 相似文献
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实时确定地层界面是水平井地质导向钻井中的重要问题之一.考虑到泥浆电阻率、井眼在一定范围内对随钻电磁波影响较小,把三维地层模型简化为一维地层模型,大大减少了正演计算量.利用马奎特方法对其进行了实时反演计算,获得了仪器与地层界面之间的距离.实验表明,所确定的地层界面位置与实际相吻合,能够控制仪器的运行轨迹,使井眼保持在期望... 相似文献
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Gil Young Kim Bo Yeon Yi Dong Geun Yoo Byong Jae Ryu Michael Riedel 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2011,28(10):1979-1985
The Gas Hydrate Research and Development Organization (GHDO) of Korea successfully accomplished both coring (hydraulic piston and pressure coring) and logging (logging-while-drilling, LWD, and wireline logging) to investigate the presence of gas hydrate during the first deep drilling expedition in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea (referred to as UBGH1) in 2007. The LWD data from two sites (UBGH1-9, UBGH1-10) showed elevated electrical resistivity (>80 Ω-m) and P-wave velocity (>2000 m/s) values indicating the presence of gas hydrate. During the coring period, the richest gas hydrate accumulation was discovered at these intervals. Based on log data, the occurrence of gas hydrate is primarily controlled by the presence of fractures. The gas hydrate saturation calculated using Archie’s relation shows greater than 60% (as high as ∼90%) of the pore space, although Archie’s equation typically overestimates gas hydrate saturation in near-vertical fractures. The saturation of gas hydrate is also estimated using the modified Biot-Gassmann theory (BGTL) by Lee and Collett (2006). The saturation values estimated rom BGTL are much lower than those calculated from Archie’s equation. Based on log data, the hydrate-bearing sediment section is approximately 70 m (UBGH1-9) to 130 m (UBGH1-10) in thickness at these two sites. This was further directly confirmed by the recovery of gas hydrate samples and pore water freshening collected from deep drilling core during the expedition. LWD data also strongly support the interpretation of the seismic gas hydrate indicators (e.g., vent or chimney structures and bottom-simulating reflectors), which imply the probability of widespread gas hydrate presence in the Ulleung Basin. 相似文献
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The importance of large wood (LW) to riverine functions is well established scientifically and increasingly recognized by river managers in many countries. However, public perceptions largely associate LW with elevated danger and/or need for intervention. Such perspectives are amplified amongst recreational river users (defined here as any individuals that recreate by floating on the water surface of a river) who interact more directly with rivers than the general public and commonly view wood in life-or-death terms. Given that human life occupies a highest-order charge for river managers, they are left in a difficult position when safety appears to conflict with environmental services. LW deficits are perpetuated partly because wood removal, often in the name of safety, is far easier than placing wood in rivers. Further, river restoration practitioners are frequently burdened with expectations and liability unparalleled in built environments. A fundamentally different mindset is necessary to achieve desired ecologic outcomes when working with rivers. Based on two decades of experience as boaters, LW practitioners, and emergency responders, we (1) discuss LW hazard and risk from recreational and management viewpoints, (2) discretize objective and measurable physical properties of LW hazards, and (3) propose a decision framework that implicitly addresses risk by considering LW hazards relative to river use and ambient hazards. The approach is structured to increase objectivity in LW hazard mitigation and diminish asymmetric biases that favor LW removal. Our intent is to build understanding and rational flexibility among risk-averse management, regulatory, and funding entities to facilitate implementation of scientific understanding without undue risk to river users. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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在电缆测井中,可以利用偶极声场中的弯曲波反演软地层的横波速度.然而,在随钻声波测井(LWD)中,钢制钻铤的存在使得井孔结构变得复杂,同时改变了井孔声场,弯曲波也变得难以测定.此外,弯曲波与钻铤波耦合在一起,使得地层横波速度的反演变得困难.本文计算分析了随钻声场的频散曲线和激发曲线,注意到了偶极舒尔特波在较宽频带内速度频散很弱,特别是在本文研究的软地层情况下,偶极舒尔特波速度在3至25kHz的频率范围内几乎为一个常值,并且该值与地层横波速度存在一一对应关系.舒尔特波速度远小于其他模式波速度,与其他模式波在时域上易分离.相对于其他地层参数,舒尔特波对地层横波速度十分敏感.因此,它可以用来反演软地层的横波速度. 相似文献
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采用有限差分方法对基于圆弧片状声源和接收器的三维随钻反射声波成像测井进行模拟,研究了反射信号的幅度、相位等参数随方位和源距的变化规律,着重分析了利用该方法在水平井中对地层界面进行探测的可行性.研究结果表明,钻铤的存在使得圆弧片状声源能够向固定方位辐射声场,其主瓣三分贝角宽窄,旁瓣级低,向目的方位辐射的纵波场的幅度约为传统环状声源的0.6倍,适用于三维随钻反射声波成像测井;对于本文计算的井孔模型,反射波信号约为井孔导波信号的1/100;随着源距的增加,反射纵波幅度逐渐减小,转换波(P-SV、SV-P)的幅度先增加后减小,反射SV波的幅度增加,建议在实际应用中,选择合适源距的波形进行处理,并对其他非目的波动进行压制,以期获得更好的成像效果.本文模拟了在水平井中对地层上下界面进行探测的例子,结果显示,反射波纵波信号有较好的方位分辨率,能够准确获得井外波阻抗不连续界面的方位,而且对上、下界面的成像互不影响. 相似文献
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介绍了PNN方法原理及其算法训练学习过程,详细阐述了网络识别岩性参数的选取、岩性识别模型的建立过程.通过对比研究PNN与其他6种岩性识别方法,分析相同条件下预测结果,得到不同识别方法的优劣性.经研究发现,PNN概率神经网络方法在生产应用中效果更佳、训练识别用时最短.利用人工智能神经网络对测井数据进行自动解释分析,可满足随钻测井时效性及快速解释处理的地质导向需求. 相似文献
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顺煤层瓦斯抽采钻孔是目前最直接最有效的瓦斯治理方法,自然伽马作为含煤地层识别常用的判识依据,可以根据地层放射性判断钻孔轨迹是否在目标层中。但现有的矿用伽马测井仪器只能进行滑动钻进测量,不适用于复合钻进及旋转导向钻进,无法满足伽马动态连续测量的工况。针对以上问题,在分析了煤矿井下随钻测量工况特点和伽马测井原理的基础上,通过低压直流载波双向通信技术进行孔底多扇区方位伽马数据的实时传输;采用屏蔽开窗的结构设计,实现单伽马晶体的8扇区分区测量;基于三轴MEMS加速度传感器和三轴MEMS陀螺仪不同的频率特性,采用互补滤波的动态测量方法,克服了回转钻进过程中振动和旋转对工具面向角测量的影响。通过地面性能测试和井下的工业性试验,验证了仪器在不同放射性地层分界面能正确反映出地层放射性变化规律。试验结果表明,仪器可以满足复合回转定向钻进时的地质导向测量要求,为煤矿井下顺煤层定向钻进提供了技术保障。 相似文献
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