柴达木盆地碱山深钻的硼同位素地球化学特征          下载免费PDF全文

卢胜城  韩文霞  韩凤清  马云麒  吕爽 《盐湖研究》2020,28(1):60-68

沉积物硼(B)同位素组成可以反映其地质成因及经历的地质过程,因此在许多领域的研究中都有较为广泛的应用。通过对位于柴达木盆地碱山背斜顶部的SG-1b钻孔沉积物(7.3～1.6 Ma)水溶组分的B同位素研究,发现钻孔沉积物B含量在38.55～172.3μg/g之间,平均含量为87.6μg/g;δ~(11)B值的变化范围在3.61‰～16.26‰之间,平均值为10.65‰,B含量与δ~(11)B值具有一定的正相关关系。进一步分析表明,受到碱山背斜构造隆升以及晚新生代以来气候干旱化的影响,柴西古湖逐渐咸化萎缩,沉积环境以及碳酸盐含量、粘土矿物含量及其矿物组合等也在发生变化,B含量和δ~(11)B值自钻孔底部向上的逐步增加以及后期的急剧增加,与水溶离子含量以及矿物和粒度等的变化一致,这说明柴达木盆地晚中新世以来湖泊沉积物的B含量和δ~(11)B值可以很好地反映研究区气候和湖水的演化过程,共同指示了研究区自7.3 Ma以来气候的持续干旱化和湖水盐度的逐步增加,以及3.3Ma以来干旱化和湖水浓缩过程的加剧。  相似文献   

Late Holocene environmental changes reconstructed from stable isotope and geochemical records from a cushion‐plant peatland in the Chilean Central Andes (27°S)     

S. T. Kock  K. Schittek  B. Mchtle  H. Wissel  A. Maldonado  A. Lücke 《第四纪科学杂志》2019,34(2):153-164

  相似文献   

Late Cambrian microbial build-ups,Llano Area,Central Texas: A three-phase morphological evolution     

Pankaj Khanna  Heath H. Hopson  André W. Droxler  Dylan A. Droxler  Daniel Lehrmann  Brian Kubik  Jacob Proctor  Pulkit Singh  Paul M. Harris 《Sedimentology》2020,67(2):1135-1160

Although Late Cambrian microbial build-ups were recognized in the Point Peak Member of the Wilberns Formation in Central Texas (USA) nearly 70 years ago, only a few studies focused specifically on the build-ups themselves. This study focuses on the interpretation of the regional (15 measured sections described in literature representing an area of 8000 km²) and local (field and drone photogrammetry studies in a 25 km² area from within south Mason County) microbial build-up occurrence, describes their growth phases and details their interactions with the surrounding inter-build-up sediments. The study establishes the occurrence of microbial build-ups in the lower and upper Point Peak members (the Point Peak Member is informally broken up into the lower Point Peak and the upper Point Peak members separated by Plectotrophia zone). The lower Point Peak Member consists of three <1 m thick microbial bioherms and biostrome units, in addition to heterolithic and skeletal/ooid grainstone and packstone beds. One, up to 14 m thick, microbial unit associated with inter-build-up skeletal and ooid grainstone and packstone beds, intercalated with mixed siliciclastic–carbonate silt beds, characterizes the upper Point Peak member. The microbial unit in the upper Point Peak member displays a three-phase growth evolution, from an initial colonization phase on flat based, rip-up clast lenses, to a second aggradation and lateral expansion phase, into a third well-defined capping phase. The ultimate demise of the microbial build-ups is interpreted to have been triggered by an increase of water turbidity caused by a sudden influx of fine siliciclastics. The lower Point Peak member represents inner ramp shallow subtidal and intertidal facies and the upper Point Peak member corresponds to mid-outer ramp subtidal facies. Understanding the morphological architecture and depositional context of these features is of importance for identifying signatures of early life on Earth.  相似文献   

A Floating Astronomical Time Scale for the Early Late Cretaceous Continental Strata in the Songliao Basin, Northeastern China     

MA Xiaojuan  WU Huaichun  FANG Qiang  SHI Meinan  ZHANG Shihong  YANG Tianshui  LI Haiyan  WANG Chengshan 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(1):27-37

A continuous terrestrial succession was recovered from the Songke-2(SK-2) borehole in the Songliao Basin, Northeastern China. This borehole provides a unique material for further research on the continental paleoclimate during Cretaceous greenhouse period, following a series of achievements of the Songke-1(SK-1) core. In this study, thorium(Th) logging data were chosen as a paleoclimate proxy to conduct a detailed cyclostratigraphic analysis. The Th series varies quasi-periodically; power spectra and evolutionary fast Fourier transformation(FFT) analysis reveal significant cycles in the Quantou(K2 q), Qingshankou(K2 qn), Yaojia(K2 y) and Nenjiang(K2 n) formations. The ratio of cycle wavelengths in these stratigraphic units is approximately 20:5:2:1, corresponding to long orbital eccentricity(405 kyr), short orbital eccentricity(100 kyr), obliquity(37 kyr), and precession cycles(22.5 kyr and 18.4 kyr). The durations of the K2 n, K2 y, K2 qn and K2 q are estimated as 6.97, 1.83, 5.30 and 4.52 Myr, respectively, based on the constructed ～18.62 Myr "floating" astronomical time scale(ATS). Comparison of the durations between the SK-1 s and SK-2 boreholes exhibits a slight difference of 0.06 Myr and 0.459 Myr for K2 qn and K2 y. Nevertheless, our ATS of K2 n supports the chronostratigraphic frame constructed by the CA-ID-TIMS data of the SK-1 s borehole. This new "floating" ATS provides precise numerical ages for stratigraphic boundaries, biozones and geological events in the Songliao Basin, and can serve as a basis for correlation of strata and events between marine and terrestrial systems.  相似文献   

川滇地块西部差异性旋转的构造意义:青藏高原东南缘白垩纪红层古地磁学新证据          下载免费PDF全文

王恒  杨振宇 《地球物理学报》2019,62(5):1789-1808

印度—欧亚板块碰撞以来青藏高原内部及其周缘地区经历了复杂的构造演化,复杂构造变形区的复合构造使得古地磁的数据解释究竟代表区域的构造旋转还是只能反映局部的构造变形一直是备受关注的问题.本文通过采集川滇地块西缘渔泡江断裂东侧三岔河地区白垩纪红层古地磁样品,揭示采样区差异性旋转并探讨川滇地块西部自中新世以来的构造演化规律.前人的地质调查表明川滇地块渔泡江断裂东侧上白垩统赵家店组地层发育倾伏褶皱.三岔河剖面以三岔河镇为界分为南北两段,三岔河南段剖面高温剩磁分量平均方向在倾斜校正后Ds=29.3°,Is=45.7°,ks=54.3,α95=6.6°,倾伏地层产状校正后Ds=30.6°,Is=46.6°,ks=69.3,α95=5.8°;而三岔河北侧剖面高温剩磁分量平均方向在倾斜校正后Ds=350.4°,Is=42.1°,ks=69.4,α95=9.2°,倾伏地层产状校正后Ds=347.4°,Is=41.9°,ks=96.6,α95=7.8°;两组高温剩磁分量均通过了褶皱检验,表明其获得于褶皱形成之前.相对于东亚稳定区80Ma古地磁极,三岔河南侧剖面发生了20.5°±4.8°的顺时针构造旋转量,与楚雄盆地核部之间不存在差异性旋转;但三岔河镇以北剖面却发生了22.7°±6.6°的逆时针旋转.综合分析川滇地块内部的古地磁数据表明自中新世以来川滇地块南部楚雄盆地经历了约20°的顺时针构造旋转,而三岔河镇北侧经历了约20°逆时针旋转.进一步分析表明三岔河北侧剖面相对于南侧剖面经历了约40°的逆时针旋转,可能由于研究区的滑脱构造导致岩石薄弱层拆离滑脱所引起.  相似文献   

大兴安岭北段索图罕地区碱长花岗岩成因及形成构造背景     

杨小鹏  王长兵  李文庆 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2019,49(5):1338-1349

本文对大兴安岭北段索图罕地区碱长花岗岩进行了系统的全岩地球化学、锆石U-Pb同位素年代学的研究，并探讨了其成因和构造意义。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明，花岗岩形成于早白垩世，年龄为（139.50±0.56）Ma。岩石地球化学结果显示，索图罕林场碱长花岗岩属于高钾钙碱性的A型花岗岩，岩石具有富硅和碱、贫CaO和MgO的特征，岩石稀土元素质量分数较高，相对富集轻稀土元素，具有明显的负Eu异常，富集Rb、Th、U、K等大离子亲石元素，亏损Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素，稀土元素配分图解具有右斜"V"字形的特征。索图罕林场碱长花岗岩为弱过铝质A型花岗岩，来源于地壳物质的部分熔融。样品微量元素构造判别图解落入后碰撞区域，代表伸展环境。结合区域地质特征，认为该碱长花岗岩的形成与蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋闭合后的岩石圈伸展相关。  相似文献   

大兴安岭中部乌兰浩特地区林西组碎屑岩锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其构造意义     

张海华  张健  黄欣  邱亮  苏飞  郑月娟  张德军 《地质通报》2019,38(9):1484-1500

内蒙古乌兰浩特地区出露一套缺少化石、遭受接触变质作用的厚层碎屑岩。在该套地层采集碎屑锆石样品,进行碎屑锆石U-Pb测年研究。80个锆石分析点的年龄可分为3个主要年龄区间:242～294Ma,年龄加权平均值为263.6±3.3Ma(n=50,MSWD=4.9),峰值年龄为261Ma;301～381Ma,峰值年龄为348Ma;454～530Ma,峰值年龄为487Ma。另有7个锆石分析点的年龄分别为824Ma、836Ma、859Ma、867Ma、1279Ma、1556Ma、2447Ma。261Ma的峰值年龄限定了该地层的沉积下限,即属晚二叠世林西组。主量元素SiO2含量为67.81%,Al_2O_3为18.22%,MgO为1.44%,CaO为0.41%,Na_2O为1.54%,K_2O为3.90%,K_2O/Na_2O为1.15～10.21;A_(12)O_3/(CaO+Na_2O)为4.87～26.38;稀土元素总量介于162.39×10-6～223.46×10-6之间,平均值为200.88×10-6,负Eu异常,Ce为1.00～1.05,轻稀土元素富集,重稀土元素亏损,微量元素以亏损Nb、Ta、Sr,富集Rb、Ba、La、Ce、Pb、Nd、Sm为特征。以上分析表明,林西组形成于活动大陆边缘构造背景。依据碎屑锆石年龄谱值信息,林西组沉积物源具多样性和复杂性,除东北各地块,同时存在华北板块和西伯利亚板块的物源信息,说明林西组沉积时期华北板块与西伯利亚板块可能已经开始俯冲碰撞过程。  相似文献   

贵州赤水地区晚白垩世古流向特征及构造意义          下载免费PDF全文

曹锐  颜照坤  王智勇  强坤  陈修风 《沉积与特提斯地质》2019,39(2):78-83

贵州赤水地区位于四川盆地西南缘,晚白垩世时期该地区沉积了一套厚达1300m的陆相地层。本文通过地表露头的古流向野外观测和室内分析,详细研究赤水地区晚白垩世沉积充填过程及构造意义。赤水地区晚白垩世早期辫状河的古流向为自北东向南西,表明碎屑物源主要来自盆地北侧和东侧。根据物源、地层分布及区域地质背景推断,赤水地区晚白垩世的陆相沉积盆地属于陆内前陆盆地,陆内造山带位于盆地东侧。晚白垩世陆内前陆盆地的形成,可能受控于此阶段华南的构造挤压事件形成的陆内造山作用。  相似文献   

Exploration prospects of oil and gas in the Northwestern part of the Offshore Indus Basin,Pakistan     

《China Geology》2020,3(4):633-642

Oil and gas resources are short in Pakistan and no commercially viable oil and gas sources have been yet discovered in its offshore areas up to now. In this study, the onshore-offshore stratigraphic correlation and seismic data interpretation were conducted to determine the oil and gas resource potential in the Offshore Indus Basin, Pakistan. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the results and previous data, it is considered that the Cretaceous may widely exist and three sets of source rocks may be developed in the Offshore Indus Basin. The presence of Miocene mudstones has been proven by drilling to be high-quality source rocks, while the Cretaceous and Paleocene–Eocene mudstones are potential source rocks. Tectonic-lithologic traps are developed in the northwestern part of the basin affected by the strike-slip faults along Murray Ridge. Furthermore, the Cretaceous and Paleocene–Eocene source rocks are thick and are slightly affected by volcanic activities. Therefore, it can be inferred that the northwestern part of Offshore Indus Basin enjoys good prospects of oil and gas resources.  相似文献   

大凌河河口地区中更新世晚期以来沉积环境演化     

商志文  李建芬  姜兴钰  李琰  王宏 《地质学报》2020,94(8):2433-2445

大凌河河口地区LZK06孔40m以浅岩心的沉积学、古生物学和年代学等综合研究以及该地区LZK02- 04钻孔资料，揭示了研究区中更新世晚期以来经历了两次海侵- 海退旋回，依次形成了中更新世晚期湖相/河流相 SymbolnB@ 晚更新世海相- 湖相/河流相 SymbolnB@ 全新世海相- 河流相地层。全新世早中期由于物源供给很少，研究区处于长达约10ka的饥饿滞留相沉积环境，平均沉积速率仅约0. 02~0. 05cm/a。全新世晚期约1500a cal BP以来，由于人类活动导致水土流失，河流输砂量增加，研究区开始了快速加积过程，平均沉积速率约0. 9~1. 2cm/a，下辽河平原被快速充填，开始成陆。与全球海面变化时空分布特征的对比，推断辽东湾的第II海相层发育于MIS 5- MIS 3早期，第I海相层发育于MIS 1阶段高海面时期。晚更新世以来频繁的海面升降是辽东湾泥质海岸带地层和环境演化的主要控制因素。  相似文献