2020年1月19日新疆伽师MS6.4地震InSAR同震形变场特征及发震构造初步探讨     

温少妍  李成龙  李金 《内陆地震》2020,(1):1-9

基于Sentinel-1 SAR升、降影像,利用D-InSAR技术获取新疆伽师M S6.4地震的同震形变场,结果表明,本次地震引起的同震形变场整体呈近椭圆状分布,形变区东西长约66 km,南北宽约40 km,整个形变场由南部隆升区和北部沉降区组成,南部最大隆升量约7 cm,北部最大沉降量约3 cm。本次地震发生在块体俯冲界面处的低倾角逆冲推覆构造带上,隆升和沉降两个中心均位于逆冲推覆体的上盘,形变主要以隆升形变为主,符合低倾角逆断层中强震的变形特征。在沉降区与隆升区之间干涉条纹连续分布,未出现表征地表破裂位置的空间失相关带,表明地震未引起明显的地表破裂。结合震源机制、余震精定位及区域构造特征,初步推断认为伽师地震的发震构造可能为柯坪塔格推覆构造前缘的N倾的柯坪断裂。  相似文献   

Makran ophiolitic basalts (SE Iran) record Late Cretaceous Neotethys plume-ridge interaction     

Rasoul Esmaeili  Mohammad Ebrahimi  Ji’En Zhang  Zhiyong Zhang  Yasser Abd El-Rahman 《International Geology Review》2020,62(13-14):1677-1697

ABSTRACT

The Makran complex in southeast Iran provides a spectacular subduction-related accretionary complex to understand the mechanism of oceanic accretion and the evolution of subduction zones. In this paper, we present new major and trace element data as well as isotopic compositions of mafic volcanic blocks from the Makran ophiolitic mélange complex (OMC). Our aim is to assess the genesis of these rocks and discuss their implications on the evolution of Neotethys Ocean. These volcanic blocks are composed mainly of basalts with minor trachytes. The Makran lavas are occasionally interlayered with tuff layers. Zircons from these tuffs give U-Pb ages of 95 Ma, which is well in accordance with the reposted microfossil data for the interlayered pelagic limestones with pillow lavas. Makran basalts can be geochemically subdivided into four groups; normal to transitional MORB, enriched-MORB, Plume-type MORB and alkaline (-OIB-like) basalts. The OIB-like pillow lavas are represented by high values of Th/Tb (6.3–7.4) which are higher than other basalts (group 1 = 0.3–0.8; groups 2 = 0.7–1.6; group 3 = 1.58–1.36).¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd_(t) ratios for basalts ranges from 0.51247 to 0.51292, whereas ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr_(t) isotopic composition of the OMC lavas varies from 0.704433 to 0.709466. The Pb isotopic composition of the lavas are quite high, ranging from 15.49–15.66 for ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb_(t), 18.09–19.12 for ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb_(t) and 37.80–39.23 for ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb_(t). The chemistry of these rocks suggests that they were formed most likely in an oceanic setting with clear plume-ridge interaction. These rocks can form from partial melting of a highly heterogeneous mantle source, which is extensively metasomatized with deep mantle OIB-type components. We suggest these rocks have been generated in an oceanic ridge with plume-ridge interaction, similar to the Iceland-Reykjanes Ridge, before being fragmented and accreted into the Makran accretionary complex.  相似文献   

2020年1月19日新疆伽师MS6.4地震序列特征及后续趋势分析     

向元  聂晓红  李金  刘建明 《内陆地震》2020,(1):20-29

介绍2020年1月18日新疆伽师M S5.4和1月19日M S6.4两次地震的基本参数、震源机制解、精定位等资料,分析伽师M S6.4地震序列类型、序列衰减特征和余震序列各项数字地震学资料,并就该序列与历史地震序列进行对比,提出震后趋势判定意见。分析认为,该序列为前—主—余型,余震序列衰减较为迅速。  相似文献   

2020年1月19日伽师MS6.4地震灾害损失评估及震害特点分析     

阿里木江·亚力昆  谭明  姚远  张文秀 《内陆地震》2020,34(1):30-39

2020年1月19日新疆伽师发生M S6.4地震,造成1人死亡、2人受伤,各类建(构)筑物、公共服务设施、生命线工程等都遭受不同程度的破坏。按照国家相关标准的原则和方法,通过对本次地震现场震害调查,评估出本次地震造成的总直接经济损失为15.26亿元,灾后恢复重建经费约需20.78亿元,并且分析了本次地震震害特点。这为今后的抗震救灾和灾后重建提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

唐山M 4.8地震地磁谐波振幅比变化     

贾立峰  乔子云  张国苓  寇海川 《地震地磁观测与研究》2018,39(5):39-47

针对2012年5月28日河北唐山M 4.8地震，采用地磁谐波振幅比方法，分析昌黎、静海、红山及承德地磁台2007年1月至2015年12月地磁观测数据，结果显示：各台站10 min周期的计算结果波动性明显，其他周期形态较为一致；距震中最近的昌黎地磁台Y_ZHx（NS）测向的10-40 min周期地磁谐波在下降至极低值后，开始转折时发生地震，而Y_ZHy（EW）测向未出现明显转折现象；位于河北平原地震带中部的静海地磁台对此次地震反应显著，2个测向在震前均出现下降-转折-上升的变化特征。通过对比位于不同地区的4个地磁台站地磁谐波振幅比变化，发现受大范围整体构造应力场作用的影响，计算结果具有相似的趋势性变化特征，具体到局部地区或断裂带内部，各台站之间显示出一定差异。  相似文献   

2019年四川长宁6.0级地震序列时空演化特征及其地震构造环境研究     

宫悦  王宇玺  梁明剑  龙锋  赵敏 《地震》2020,40(4):90-102

地震序列类型能够直观地反映构造应力场环境、 地震构造及孕震环境介质的差异性。 主—余型地震多发生在相对均匀的介质环境, 而前—主—余型地震及震群型地震往往发生在复杂的构造环境。 2019年6月17日四川省宜宾市长宁县发生的6.0级地震余震活动总体呈NW向分布, 其南东段的余震呈相对单一的NW向条带状, 而北西段的余震活动呈现丛集的特征。 两段的地震序列类型也表现出明显的差异性, 南东段地震序列为主—余型, 序列衰减速度较快; 北西段地震序列为震群型, 序列初期衰减非常缓慢, 余震丰富。 此次6.0级地震序列发生在长宁—双河大背斜上, 该复式背斜主要由多个次级褶皱构造和不同走向的伴生断层组成, 结构复杂。 长宁6.0级地震序列的分段性特征表明, 该地震序列不是发生在单一的断裂构造上, 为多个构造级联破裂所导致的复合型地震序列。 此外, 序列北西段余震的深度逐渐变深, 可能预示着该区域受华蓥山断裂带活动的影响, 地震序列对华蓥山断裂带未来地震活动的影响应引起关注。  相似文献   

北阿尔金恰什坎萨依沟地区早古生代构造变形特征及构造演化启示   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴玉  陈正乐  陈柏林  王永  孟令通  孙岳  何江涛  王斌  张文高 《地质力学学报》2019,25(3):301-312

出露在青藏高原北缘的红柳沟-拉配泉蛇绿混杂岩带一直以来为深入研究北阿尔金早古生代构造格架及演化提供了宝贵信息。经详细的野外地质填图和构造解析，文章针对红柳沟-拉配泉蛇绿混杂岩带内的构造样式、变形特征及形成时限进行研究，将北阿尔金蛇绿混杂岩带进一步细分为北侧混杂单元、中间层序单元和南侧混杂单元三个次级构造单元，南、北两侧混杂单元内以发育一系列复杂褶皱和逆冲断层为典型构造特征。卷入褶皱变形的最年轻地层岩石为中-晚奥陶世硅质岩，并被（416.8±3.7）Ma未变形的正长斑岩脉所截切；卷入逆冲断层的混杂岩中辉长岩和斜长花岗岩年龄为479~521 Ma和512.1~518.5 Ma，随后也被410.7~418.5 Ma未变形的冰沟岩体所侵位。这些基本事实表明，褶皱构造与逆冲断层均形成于中奥陶世-早泥盆世，推测其成因与北阿尔金洋俯冲作用导致的洋壳强烈缩短变形有关。在南侧混杂单元，褶皱构造样式自北向南逐渐由直立褶皱转变为斜歪褶皱，最后转变为倒转褶皱，显示出递进变形特征。褶皱所对应的应变椭球体也发生了旋转，表现出顶端指向北北东向的剪切作用，与混杂单元内逆冲断层所具有的向北北东方向逆冲、推覆特征相一致，从而推测它们与北阿尔金洋南南西向俯冲消减有密切联系。另外，在北侧混杂单元内还发育有同时期向南南东方向逆冲的断层以及轴面倾向北北东的斜歪褶皱，暗示北阿尔金洋在早古生代可能还发育有北北东方向的俯冲极性，整个北阿尔金洋俯冲消减模式可能具有双向性。   相似文献   

Evaporation modelling by heuristic regression approaches using only temperature data   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Ozgur Kisi  Salim Heddam 《水文科学杂志》2019,64(6):653-672

Accurate estimation of pan evaporation (E_pan) is very important in water resources management, irrigation scheduling and water budget of lakes. This study investigates the accuracy of two heuristic regression approaches, multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) and M5 model tree (M5Tree) in estimating pan evaporation using only temperature data as input. Monthly minimum temperature, maximum temperature and E_pan data from three Turkish stations were used, with month number (periodicity information) added as input to see its effect on estimation accuracy. The models were compared with the calibrated Hargreaves-Samani (CHS), Stephens-Stewart (SS) and multiple linear regression methods. Three different train-test splitting strategies (50%–50%, 60%–40% and 75%–25%) were employed for better evaluation of the applied methods. The results show that the MARS method generally estimated monthly E_pan with higher accuracy compared to the M5Tree, CHS and SS methods. When extraterrestrial radiation, calculated from Julian date and latitude information, was used as input to the SS instead of solar radiation, satisfactory estimates were obtained. A positive effect on model accuracy was observed when involving periodicity information in inputs and increasing training data length.  相似文献   

Polynomial chaos expansion and response surface method for nonlinear modelling of reference evapotranspiration     

Behrooz Keshtegar  Ozgur Kisi  Mohammad Zounemat-Kermani 《水文科学杂志》2019,64(6):720-730

The feasibility of polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) and response surface method (RSM) models is investigated for modelling reference evapotranspiration (ET₀). The modelling results of the proposed models are validated against the M5 model tree and multi-layer perceptron neural network (MLPNN) methods. Two meteorological stations, Isparta and Antalya, in the Mediterranean region of Turkey, are inspected. Various input combinations of daily air temperature, solar radiation, wind speed and relative humidity are constructed as input attributes for the ET₀. Generally, the modelling accuracy is increased by increasing the number of inputs. Including wind speed in the model inputs considerably increases their accuracy in modelling ET₀. Mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), agreement index (d) and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) are used as comparison criteria. The PCE is the most accurate model in estimating daily ET₀, giving the lowest MAE (0.036 and 0.037 mm) and RMSE (0.047 and 0.050 mm) and the highest d (0.9998 and 0.9999) and NSE (0.9992 and 0.9996) with the four-input PCE models for Isparta and Antalya, respectively.  相似文献   

2013年岷县—漳县6.6级地震地磁垂直分量日变化低点时间空间分布特征     

戴勇  高立新  姚丽  朱培育  格根  王磊 《地震》2019,39(3):106-114

2013年6月16日, 中国大陆西部出现地磁低点位移。 异常出现后一个月内, 位于低点位移分界线附近发生7月22日岷县、 漳县交界6.6级地震。 本文通过采用实测低点时间减去理论低点时间的方法剔除低点时间经度效应, 并以剔除经度效应后低点时间为0 h的等值线作为低点位移分界线, 2013年岷县—漳县6.6级地震震中处于6月16日地磁低点位移分界线上。 对异常期间的中国大陆地区地磁垂直分量日变形态进行统计, 发现其存在显著的分区特征, 低点时间为正的区域内日变化形态基本呈现W型, 低点时间为负的区域内日变化形态主要呈现V字型特征。 低点位移异常日期间, 中国大陆存在显著的高梯度带, 本文采用梯度值定量描述低点时间空间变化程度。 在6月13日正常日期间, 中国大陆地区未出现梯度值大于1.5 h/(°)的区域, 在6月16日异常日期间, 出现梯度值大于1.5 h/(°)的区域, 2013年岷县—漳县6.6级地震位于高梯度区边缘。  相似文献