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1.
公共服务配套设施的合理布局和质量提升是新型城镇化的内涵之一,将GIS技术应用于规划领域可使规划成果具更理性与可实施性。以福州市马尾区马江片区为例,基于出行人群密度、区域繁华程度、公共厕所服务半径三者间的对应关系,对马江片区公共厕所的空间布局进行分析,认为该片区现状公共厕所存在数量与质量上的双重不足。针对存在的不足,提出优化算法与优化布局方案,并基于GIS技术实现可视化模拟。优化后的公共厕所共有53座,较现状的27座增加26座,符合《城市公共厕所设计标准》规定;公共厕所服务区覆盖片区总面积的91.5%,较现状的38.8%增加52.7%,满足城市规划与未来发展的需求。 相似文献
2.
充分考虑热演化过程中烃源岩干酪根、族组分、固体沥青及正构烷烃碳同位素相互关系及变化规律,通过地球化学分析并结合前人碳同位素及芳烃标志物研究进行综合分析,结果表明古油藏各区域储层早期均存在下寒武统黑色泥岩来源,后期来源有较大差别,麻江古背斜以南各地沥青均不同程度与中寒武统都柳江组有关,北凯里液态原油及油苗为五峰组及龙马溪组印支期成藏产物,其保存环境为储层早期成岩过程中形成的独立封闭系统。在油源识别的基础上,结合构造地质背景、油气成藏条件及流体活动规律分析,认为黔南坳陷及邻区下寒武统、都柳江组、五峰组及龙马溪组烃源岩的分布控制了该区油气富集规律,黔南海西期断裂系统与加里东运动形成的不整合面构成不同期次油气运聚的输导系统,海西期形成的一系列正断裂是麻江古油藏成藏的关键。 相似文献
3.
中国南方存在印支期的油气藏——Re-Os同位素体系的制约 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用Re-Os同位素方法开展富含有机质的沥青、原油等的研究,是确定油气成藏时间和破坏时间有效的但极富挑战性的新途径,在国内尚无研究实例报道。以我国南方最大的古油藏之一的麻江古油藏中的沥青为主要对象,采用Re-Os同位素方法试图限定油气的成藏时间和破坏时间。研究表明,麻江古油藏的固体沥青Re、Os同位素质量分数分别在41.5×10-6～642×10-6和0.21×10-6～12.15×10-6之间,N(187Re)/N(188Os)比值较高,且变化范围较大,在270.90～4074.99之间,Os同位素组成指示中等放射成因,其N(187Os)/N(188Os)比值在0.3400～3.6557之间变化。所有沥青样品的模式年龄在28～144Ma之间变化,集中在85Ma左右。通过沥青Re-Os同位素研究,结合详细地质资料,认为麻江古油藏的成藏时间为印支期—早燕山期(144Ma之前),而油藏破坏时间为燕山晚期即85Ma左右。 相似文献
4.
谷团 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2017,47(2)
牛角塘伴生型镉矿床镉的富集程度高,比克拉克值高4~5个数量级,比工业品位高十几倍至上百倍。早寒武世清虚洞期牛角塘地区处于台缘滩丘环境,在清虚洞组中上部形成了藻丘建造,发育了含藻类、藻球粒、藻鲕粒、核形石和生物碎屑的白云岩,是该矿床最主要的容矿岩性单元。矿体普遍呈似层状、透镜状和脉状产出,矿体产状与容矿围岩的产状基本一致,矿体的分布受清虚洞组藻丘建造以及有利岩性组合的联合控制,具明显的层控、相控、岩控的特点。藻丘建造还可能提供了部分矿源。镉的超常富集、成矿与麻江古油藏的成藏演化具有一定的关系:一是牛角塘矿床成矿年龄为433~510 Ma,即加里东运动的中晚期,而加里东运动中晚期是麻江古油藏的油气活动时期,麻江古油藏的早期演化阶段与牛角塘镉矿的成矿期大体是重合的,成藏应略早于成矿,成矿是在古油藏液态烃仍然存在的情况下进行的,且成矿期有可能一直延伸至油藏被破坏以后;二是油藏流体为成矿提供具还原性质的成矿流体和部分硫源。特殊的岩相古地理环境和古油藏为牛角塘矿床镉的富集和成矿提供了有利条件。 相似文献
5.
在野外地质调查、平衡剖面分析的基础上, 结合区域构造演化, 采用岩石声发射法对雪峰隆起西南缘的最大古应力进行了恢复, 并探讨了古应力大小与油气成藏破坏的关系。研究结果表明, 研究区共经历了5期不同强度的重要构造变革运动。在早古生代末期和印支期构造运动较弱, 声发射法的测量表明古应力值分别为13.3 MPa和24 MPa, 对应于麻江古油藏的主要成藏期。构造运动次数较多或者古应力值较大的时期, 主要对应于麻江古油藏储集层的发育期和油藏大规模破坏期。晚古生代末期构造活动次数较少, 但恢复地古应力值较大, 为92.6 MPa; 燕山期和喜马拉雅期经历了多期构造活动, 恢复地古应力值为23.3~74.4 MPa。 相似文献
6.
《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,(Z2)
Combined evidence from the outcrop and the fluid inclusion assemblage (FIA) analysis indicates that there exist two episodes of fluid flow controlled by the tectonic activity. The first episode was recorded mainly in the reservoir rock of the Honghuayuan Formation,representing the fluid flow of hydrocarbon charging. The second episode occurred mainly along the fault systems,representing the fluid move-ment when the ancient oil reservoir was destroyed. The host mineral morphology,homogeneous tem-perature,and salinity of the FIAs record an episodic fluid movement. Characters of high homogenous temperature,low salinity and a quick temperature variation of the first episode fluid flow may indicate an early-stage fluid eruption,and correspondingly,fine-grained calcite was formed. Temperature of the erupted fluid tended to decrease during its mixing with the upper formation fluid and finally had the same temperature as the upper formation. From then on,the temperature was rather steady and fa-vored the growth of the coarse calcite. Due to this character of the temperature variation of the episodic fluid flow,we can use the homogenous temperature of the FIA of the coarse calcite to date the forma-tion and the destruction time of the Majiang ancient oil reservoir. Episodic fluid flow was known for its inhomogeneous trapping,which resulted in the failure of dating according to the burial history. But taking a close look at its temperature variation,we think that the latest stage of fluid flow,characterized by steady state temperature and grow of the coarser crystals,can be used for dating. It will be of great value if this method is proved to be effective. The formation and the destruction time of the Majiang ancient oil reservoir were dated to be in the Indosinian Period and the late Yanshan-early Hymalayan Period respectively. This conclusion is in great discrepancy with the common accepted idea that the Majiang ancient oil reservoir was formed and destroyed during the Caledonian tectonic movement. Even so,this paper further discussed its reliability from the view of the source rock evolution and also the local tectonic evolution. 相似文献
7.
贵州麻江蓝莓种植区基岩-土壤剖面元素地球化学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对麻江蓝莓核心产区种植剖面的地球化学特征进行分析,选取与蓝莓生长关系密切的K、Ca、Na、Mg、Fe、Al、Mn、Mo、Co、V、Se、Cr、Cu、Zn十四种元素作为研究对象,结果表明:土壤中元素的地球化学特征受植物根系、外援施肥、自然气候、土壤理化性质及母岩等多种因素影响。黏粒含量高的土壤剖面元素移动性较差,含量变化程度小。Se在垂直方向上的含量变化规律主要受土壤有机质含量影响,其他元素地球化学特征主要与母岩风化和淋溶作用等因素有关。基岩产状影响土壤元素在垂直方向上的变化,产状平缓的剖面各元素在下层累积较高,而基岩产状倾斜的剖面底层土壤元素随水流失,元素含量最高值大多都出现在次底层。剖面土壤中元素的地球化学特征与自然气候、土壤理化性质及母岩等因素有关,耕作层土壤元素主要受植物根系和外援施肥影响。 相似文献
8.
Field investigation combined with detailed petrographic observation indicate that abundant oil,gas,and solid bitumen inclusions were entrapped in veins and cements of sedimentary rocks in the Dabashan foreland,which were used to reconstruct the oil and gas migration history in the context of tectonic evolution.Three stages of veins were recognized and related to the collision between the North China block and the Yangtze block during the Indosinian orogeny from Late Triassic to Early Jurassic(Dl),the southwest thrusting of the Qinling orogenic belt towards the Sichuan basin during the Yanshanian orogeny from Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous(D2),and extensional tectonics during Late Cretaceous to Paleogene(D3),respectively.The occurrences of hydrocarbon inclusions in these veins and their homogenization temperatures suggest that oil was generated in the early stage of tectonic evolution,and gas was generated later,whereas solid bitumen was the result of pyrolysis of previously accumulated hydrocarbons.Three stages of hydrocarbon fluid inclusions were also identified in cements of carbonates and sandstones of gas beds in the Dabashan foreland belt and the Dabashan foreland depression(northeastern Sichuan basin),which recorded oil/gas formation,migration,accumulation and destruction of paleo-reservoirs during the D2.Isotopic analysis of hydrocarbon fluid inclusions contained in vein minerals shows that δ~(13)C_1 of gas in fluid inclusions ranges from-17.0‰ to-30.4‰(PDB) and δD from-107.7‰ to-156.7‰(SMOW),which indicates that the gas captured in the veins was migrated natural gas which may be correlated with gas from the gas-fields in northern Sichuan basin.Organic geochemical comparison between bitumen and potential source rocks indicates that the Lower Cambrian black shale and the Lower Permian black limestone were the most possible source rocks of the bitumen.Combined with tectonic evolution history of the Dabashan foreland,the results of this study suggest that oil was generated from the Paleozoic source rocks in the Dabashan area under normal burial thermal conditions before Indosinian tectonics and accumulated to form paleo-reservoirs during Indosinian collision between the North China block and the Yangtz block.The paleo-reservoirs were destroyed during the Yanshanian tectonic movement when the Dabashan foreland was formed.At the same time,oil in the paleo-reservoirs in the Dabashan foreland depression was pyrolyzed to transform to dry gas and the residues became solid bitumen. 相似文献
9.
野外观察和研究表明,贵州仁怀县震旦系灯影组古油藏储层为一套碳酸盐台内浅滩环境沉积,主要岩性为砂屑云岩、鲕粒云岩、藻屑云岩和细晶云岩,沥青充填于白云岩晶间孔、粒间孔及岩石溶蚀孔洞内,呈黑色固态物质产出。固体沥青呈块状,质地坚硬,有污手性,镜下观察沥青具中间相结构和镶嵌状结构特征,实测沥青反射率为2.95%~3.86%,双反射明显,热演化程度高,显示储层在地质历史时期曾经遭受高温热演化作用。区域地质及沉积相分析认为,灯影组沉积晚期在上扬子地区存在一个边缘浅滩,并可能存在若干碳酸盐台内浅滩,这种沉积格局控制了滩相储层的发育与展布,震旦纪末期桐湾运动形成的古暴露对该套滩相沉积的颗粒云岩进行溶蚀改造,形成大量孔洞缝,并形成有利的储集体。震旦系陡山沱组和下寒武统牛蹄塘组黑色页岩有机质丰度高、类型好,烃源岩的发育为古油藏的形成提供了丰富的物质基础,下寒武统巨厚的泥页岩组合为油气藏的形成提供了得天独厚的封盖条件,形成了良好的生储盖组合,灯影组和牛蹄塘组之间的不整合面提供了油气运移的通道,加里东运动早期黔中隆起的形成为油气聚集创造了条件。 相似文献
10.
湖南凤凰县猴子坪汞矿床地质特征及辰砂晶体的观赏价值 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
猴子坪汞矿床主要赋存于中寒武统敖溪组上部微粒细晶纹层状、微细粒状白云岩内,产于轴向120°的平缓开阔的半背斜轴部,延伸深度大于1100 m,是湘黔汞矿带诸矿床中矿体延伸深度最大的汞矿床.产于其中的辰砂晶体,以其迷人的色泽和玲珑剔透、多彩多姿的形态,在观赏石矿物的晶体中价值不菲.研究表明,汞矿与古油气藏有着密切的空间关系,形成于油气藏演化的湿气阶段,二者具有同源同储的特点,在成矿机理上有许多相似之处.矿床最终就位于有利的沉积相区. 相似文献