内蒙古天和永玄武岩成因：岩相学与矿物学分析     

杨宗锋  程黎鹿  罗照华  梁涛  潘颖  李德东  黄凡 《岩石学报》2008,24(11):2548-2562

天和永地区南北向出露的小面积单层碱性玄武岩,岩石中出现至少三种矿物共生组合关系。所有岩石均以橄榄石作为主要斑晶矿物,大颗粒环带橄榄石斑晶中心镁值为89．5,边缘镁值为70．3,小颗粒环带橄榄石镁值46．2～78．9。粒径最小的橄榄石聚集体和散布的基质橄榄石均无明显环带,前者镁值67．4～68．1,后者镁值65．5—72．1;单斜辉石由相对高钛高铝贫硅的散布柱状辉石和相对低钛低铝富硅的聚集粒状辉石组成,前者形成于低压快速淬火环境,镁值65．1—77．1,后者形成于富含挥发份的低压低过冷度环境,镁值77．7～78．0。所有单斜辉石均以次透辉石为主,个别为深绿辉石;斜长石以包含结构产出为主,为相对偏酸性的中长石An=33．7～37．4,CaO含量低与早期大量单斜辉石结晶有关。由于残余岩浆内K,0和Na20含量富集且极不均一,晚期结晶的长石同时出现了高钠长石、K-高钠长石（歪长石）和K-透长石;钛铁氧化物多数为晚期结晶的细粒基质矿物,少量以0．3ram左右的斑晶和橄榄石斑晶中的包裹体形式存在,可归属为钛铁尖晶石（Usp）-磁铁矿（Mt）固溶体系列,晚期逐渐向贫铝、铬和富钛方向演化。由于以上各种造岩矿物的晶出,导致残余岩浆形成的火山玻璃向贫镁、铁、钙和富铝、钾方向演化,火山玻璃的全碱含量变异趋势与全岩类似,均和SiO2含量无明显相关性,火山玻璃具有响岩和粗面安山岩成分特征,K2O／Na2O值变化大0．68～1．61,均为钾玄岩系列,Na2O含量依然呈现宽区间特征,是天和永玄武岩由钾质过渡到钠质的主要原因。天和永玄武质岩浆从地幔运移到地表仅需5小时-5天,大颗粒斑晶橄榄石和小颗粒基质橄榄石生长仅需几小时到几天,前者形成无须深部岩浆房停留,后者近似晚期岩浆快速淬火时间。高镁橄榄石斑晶与残余岩浆的扩散平衡时间约42天～252天。深部结晶的橄榄石在运移途中和地表流动过程中缺乏足够的时间和适宜的动力学条件而无法离开岩浆体系。全岩与火山玻璃间缺少中间过渡成分,呈两个相对集中的端元组分存在亦由晶出矿物无法离开岩浆体系所致。天和永玄武岩的成岩时间尺度远小于同化混染和岩浆分异的时间尺度,是岩浆作用过程未能明显影响其不均一原生岩浆性质的主要原因。因此,岩浆作用的某些物理过程分析是认识岩浆起源与岩浆作用过程及其对火成岩多样性的贡献的重要方面,同时对于理解和约束岩浆作用的某些化学过程也是十分有益的。  相似文献   

New data on the correlation of skarn and gold mineralization at the Tardan deposit (northeastern Tuva)     

I.V. Gas&#x;kov 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2008,49(12):923-931

Gold mineralization of the Tardan deposit is of different spatial occurrences and is related to different hydrothermal-metasomatic formations, the main ones being skarn-magnetite bodies, metasomatites of mineralized crush zones, and metasomatites of argillizitic-rock association. The formation of gold mineralization was a multistage process related to the repeated magmatism of the Tannu-Ola complex. It took place in a wide temperature range (400–150 °C), which determined the diversity of produced mineral assemblages. The gold mineralization associated with magnetite bodies shows a spatial correlation with magnesian and calcareous skarns and is localized in plagiogranites and gabbro-diorites of the Tannu-Ola complex intruded in the Late Ordovician. Gold mineralization that occurs in crush zones and along the fault sutures in moderate- and low-temperature hydrothermal-metasomatic rocks (propylites, beresites, serpentinites, and argillizites) formed somewhat later than skarns as a result of the intrusion of granite dike bodies. Comparative analysis of different types of gold mineralization showed both a change of mineral assemblages of the gold mineralization during the ore formation and some geochemical difference between gold and gold-bearing ores. In passing from early to late occurrences of native gold, its fineness decreases, the contents of admixtures correspondingly increase, and the gold composition changes. Gold of high-temperature rocks is rich in Cu (up to 17%), and gold of low-temperatures rocks has higher contents of Ag and Hg.  相似文献   

西藏冈底斯带侏罗纪岩浆作用的时空分布 及构造环境   总被引：40，自引：6，他引：34  

朱弟成  潘桂棠  王立全  莫宣学  赵志丹  周长勇  廖忠礼  董国臣  袁四化 《地质通报》2008,27(4):458-468

在新近完成的1：25万区域地质调查资料和相关研究成果的基础上,初步研究了西藏冈底斯带侏罗纪岩浆作用的分布特点及其年代学,并利用已有的地球化学数据重点分析了早期关注程度较低的侏罗纪花岗岩类岩浆作用的性质。目前在冈底斯弧背断隆带未发现侏罗纪火山岩;在冈底斯东部地区,早侏罗世岩浆活动几乎同时发生于南冈底斯（叶巴组火山岩和鸟郁、尼木花岗岩类）、冈底斯弧背断隆带（宁中、金达、布久花岗岩类）和北冈底斯（聂荣花岗岩类）,中晚侏罗世接奴群和拉贡塘组火山岩断续分布于北冈底斯,晚侏罗世岩浆活动零星分布于沙莫勒一麦拉一洛巴堆～米拉山断裂以北。将冈底斯侏罗纪岩浆活动置于时空框架内分析发现,南冈底斯和北冈底斯在侏罗纪时主要受俯冲作用的影响．而冈底斯弧背断隆带和中冈底斯自早侏罗世以来除了受到俯冲作用的影响外,还受到自东向西逐步扩展的碰撞作用的影响。结合古地磁重建资料和其他新发现．认为冈底斯带侏罗纪这种岩浆活动的特点可用班公湖一怒江洋壳向南、新特提斯洋壳向北的双向剪刀式（剪刀口向西张开）俯冲模式来解释。  相似文献   

葛店矿双庙扩大区三维地震勘探     

张彦湘 《中国煤炭地质》2008,20(2):53-56

葛店煤矿双庙扩大区位于豫、皖两省交界处。勘探区为一轴向北北东向的不对称向斜构造,地层倾角26°～30°,测区深部有岩浆岩侵入体,严重影响煤层赋存形态;地表条件复杂,村庄密集、河流较多,测区东侧塌陷区水塘大面积分布．三维地震勘探野外施工难度大。本区地震勘探观测系统设计为12线18炮制,为避免偏移归位及叠加次数降低等问题,在向斜轴部两侧、村子周边及河岸处适当加密炮点,并在塌陷区利用钢钎插置检波器以保证CDP点完整性。数据处理采取了叠前反褶积、叠前时间偏移等技术,数据处理效果显著。遵循多波组对比、多个数据体综合解释的原则,以纵向、横向和任意时间剖面相结合,充分利用三维可视化技术进行地震资料解释。本次勘探成果查明了主采煤层三2^2、二2煤层的构造形态及埋藏深度;解释落差5m以上断层34条,其中修改原有断层5条;另外新发现小于5m的异常断点22个。经巷道验证煤层底板标高误差0．43％～1．96％,巷道已揭露断层7条,与解释成果基本一致。  相似文献   

A reassessment of models for hydrocarbon generation in the Khibiny nepheline syenite complex, Kola Peninsula, Russia   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

B. Beeskow  P.J. Treloar  A.H. Rankin  T.W. Vennemann  J. Spangenberg 《Lithos》2006,91(1-4):1-18

Although hydrocarbon-bearing fluids have been known from the alkaline igneous rocks of the Khibiny intrusion for many years, their origin remains enigmatic. A recently proposed model of post-magmatic hydrocarbon (HC) generation through Fischer-Tropsch (FT) type reactions suggests the hydration of Fe-bearing phases and release of H₂ which reacts with magmatically derived CO₂ to form CH₄ and higher HCs. However, new petrographic, microthermometric, laser Raman, bulk gas and isotope data are presented and discussed in the context of previously published work in order to reassess models of HC generation. The gas phase is dominated by CH₄ with only minor proportions of higher hydrocarbons. No remnants of the proposed primary CO₂-rich fluid are found in the complex. The majority of the fluid inclusions are of secondary nature and trapped in healed microfractures. This indicates a high fluid flux after magma crystallisation. Entrapment conditions for fluid inclusions are 450–550 °C at 2.8–4.5 kbar. These temperatures are too high for hydrocarbon gas generation through the FT reaction. Chemical analyses of rims of Fe-rich phases suggest that they are not the result of alteration but instead represent changes in magma composition during crystallisation. Furthermore, there is no clear relationship between the presence of Fe-rich minerals and the abundance of fluid inclusion planes (FIPs) as reported elsewhere. δ¹³C values for methane range from − 22.4‰ to − 5.4‰, confirming a largely abiogenic origin for the gas. The presence of primary CH₄-dominated fluid inclusions and melt inclusions, which contain a methane-rich gas phase, indicates a magmatic origin of the HCs. An increase in methane content, together with a decrease in δ¹³C isotope values towards the intrusion margin suggests that magmatically derived abiogenic hydrocarbons may have mixed with biogenic hydrocarbons derived from the surrounding country rocks.  相似文献   

Large igneous provinces generated from the margins of the large low-velocity provinces in the deep mantle     

Trond H. Torsvik  Mark A. Smethurst  Kevin Burke  Bernhard Steinberger 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,167(3):1447-1460

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洪山预测区煤层赋存的可能性分析     

尚洪田 《中国煤田地质》2006,18(4):25-26,52

分析了洪山预测区西部洪山岩体地质特征及其向外围扩散的范围和程度，研究了北掌勘查区和焦窑煤矿两邻区煤层受岩浆岩影响的程度，认为洪山岩体对预测区煤系及煤层赋存的影响较小，岩体外围仍有煤系赋存。为下一步找煤指明了方向。  相似文献   

Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb age, Ce^4＋/Ce^3＋ ratios and the geochemical features of the Machangqing complex associated with copper deposit     

梁华英  喻亨祥  莫测辉  张玉泉  谢应雯 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(3):223-229

1IntroductionQuite a number of porphyry copper deposits havebeen found in the Cenozoic alkali-intrusions along theJinshajiang-Ailaoshan-Red River fault zone,whichconstitute the Cenozoic ore belt in China.The Cenozo-ic alkali-intrusive rocks are similar in…  相似文献   

红旗岭镁铁-超镁铁岩侵入体及铜镍硫化物矿床的成岩成矿机制   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

杨言辰  孙德有  马志红  许文良 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2005,35(5):593-600

红旗岭铜镍矿床地处华北地台与吉黑地槽系接触带--辉发河断裂北侧.区内出露30多个镁铁-超镁铁质岩体,其中1、7号超镁铁岩体中赋存铜镍硫化物矿(床)体.含矿岩体分相明显,各类岩石均具堆积结构.铜镍矿体呈似板状、脉状、透镜状及囊状赋存于超镁铁岩体底部橄榄辉岩相中.岩石学和地球化学研究表明,7号岩体形成以流动分异为主,1号岩体为重力分异;原始岩浆属拉斑玄武质,块状矿石系压滤作用产物,后续岩浆的补给和混合补充了成矿物质,硫化物不混溶程度受挥发分制约,矿床属岩浆深部熔离分异成因,成矿时代为印支期.  相似文献   

藏南地区金和锑矿床(点)类型及其时空分布特征   总被引：37，自引：5，他引：37       下载免费PDF全文

聂凤军  胡朋  江思宏  李振清  刘妍  周永章 《地质学报》2005,79(3):373-385

本文首次对藏南地区金和锑矿床(点)地质特征、成因类型和空间分布特点进行了总结，对金和锑成矿作用与中新生代构造一岩浆活动的关系进行了论证，对区域地壳演化过程中金和锑成矿动力学机制进行了讨论。该区的金和锑矿床(点)可按容矿围岩划分为：①变质岩为主要容矿围岩矿床(点)，包括金和金一锑矿床(点)；②沉积岩为主要容矿围岩矿床(点)，包括金、锑、金一锑和锑多金属矿床(点)；③火山岩为主要容矿围岩矿床(点)，以金一银矿床为代表。根据金和锑矿床(点)空间分布特点和地质特点，将本区划分为4个矿化集中区：拉昂错一马攸木一帕羊金矿化集中区(A)，然勒金和锑矿化集中区(B)，洛扎一措美锑矿化集中区(C)和邛多江金一锑矿化集中区(D)。各矿化集中区内大多数金和锑矿床(点)与燕山晚期～喜马拉雅早期富碱火成岩具密切时空分布关系，它们是古板块对接碰撞期和碰撞期后大规模构造一岩浆活动的产物。近东西向挤压性和南北向张性断裂交汇部位以及富碱火成岩发育区是寻找金和锑矿床(点)的有利场所。  相似文献