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《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2019,351(8):525-539
We examined magma storage conditions and eruptive dynamics for the trachyandesite (~58 wt% SiO2, 9–10 wt% alkalis) of the Pavin monogenetic volcano, a maar-like explosive crater belonging to a small group of youngest volcanoes in the Massif Central. By confronting the natural samples to experimental products, we constrained pre-eruptive conditions around 950–975 °C, 150–200 MPa (~5.5–7.0 km in depth), NNO+1.5, and 4.5–5.5 wt% melt H2O. There is petrological evidence of magma crystallization in the conduit up to shallow levels (~50 MPa; 2 km in depth) before fragmentation into pumice clasts in the last kilometre of ascent. The experiments highlight the role of biotite and of crystallization pressure in defining separate compositional trends of residual liquids, i.e. alkaline (trachytes) versus sub-alkaline (dacite-rhyolite). 相似文献
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西天山玉希莫勒盖达坂玄武安山岩—高钾玄武安山岩—粗安岩组合的发现及其地质意义 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
在阿吾拉勒东段玉希莫勒盖达坂地区大哈拉军山组主要是一套以安山质（粗安质）-英安质（粗面质-粗面英安质）火山熔岩和火山碎屑岩为主的火山岩建造。根据岩石地球化学特征，本文在大哈拉军山组火山岩的上部厘定出了钙碱性玄武安山岩—高钾钙碱性玄武安山岩—粗安岩（橄榄安粗岩系）组合。微量元素地球化学特征显示，三类岩石形成于岛弧环境，钙碱性玄武安山岩的形成与板片俯冲作用有关，而高钾钙碱性玄武安山岩和粗安岩的形成则与俯冲板片断裂诱发的软流圈上涌作用有关。钙碱性玄武安山岩—高钾钙碱性玄武安山岩—粗安岩组合的存在说明阿吾拉勒东段在晚石炭世由于俯冲板片的断裂，构造体制由挤压转变为伸展。玉希莫勒盖达坂大哈拉军山组上部的火山岩组合与世界许多著名铜-金矿集区（如Papua New Guinea）的火山岩组合相似，显示该地区晚石炭世具有良好的铜、金成矿条件。 相似文献
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The Quaternary Andahua volcanic group is located within the Central Volcanic Zone in Southern Peru. The author presents new data on major and trace elements and 87Sr/86Sr and 143Nd/144Nd ratios for Andahua rocks from all regions with volcanic centres. The TAS data identify the Andahua lavas as trachyandesites, basaltic trachyandesites and dacites. The phenocrysts are represented mainly by plagioclase, but olivine, clinopyroxene and hornblende are also present. In some cases the trachyandesites show Ca enrichment and their plagioclases have an andesine–bytownite composition. The plagioclase phenocrysts show a slight normal and occasionally reverse zonation. Their basaltic parental magmas were enriched in fluids derived from dehydration of the subducted oceanic crust. The chemical content of the Andahua volcanic rocks shows some similarity to both the slightly older and the contemporaneous and widespread Barroso Group rocks in this region. 相似文献
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云南腾冲黑空山、马鞍山和打莺山火山粗安岩显微结构特征及其火山学意义 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
火山喷发物记录了岩浆的整个活动历史,对火山喷发物的研究可以了解大量的岩浆活动特征信息。本文对腾冲火山区的三座全新世火山——黑空山、马鞍山和打莺山火山熔岩进行了详细的研究,包括熔岩和斑晶的成分、显微结构特征和斑晶的晶体大小分布(CSD)分析。研究发现,黑空山、马鞍山和打莺山火山熔岩以粗安岩为主,三座火山粗安岩中的斑晶成分范围接近,但它们的显微结构特征具有一定的差异,反映了不同的岩浆环境,推测来自不同的岩浆囊。黑空山粗安岩中斜长石斑晶的CSD曲线呈微上凹形,反映了小规模的岩浆混合作用。马鞍山和打莺山粗安岩的微斑晶CSD曲线呈很好的线性关系,说明微斑晶形成时的环境相对稳定,推测这些微斑晶是在岩浆上升过程中,停留在地壳的某处并形成一个小型的岩浆囊后受围岩的冷却作用形成。根据以上的分析,认为腾冲火山区下在横向和纵向上均至少存在两个岩浆囊。 相似文献
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Jian-Lin ChenWen-Xia Zhao Ji-Feng Xu Bao-Di WangZhi-Qiang Kang 《Gondwana Research》2012,21(1):112-122
It is generally believed that Cenozoic potassic and ultrapotassic volcanic rocks of the Tibetan Plateau were generated by partial melting of an enriched mantle region or lower crustal materials. The Miocene Bugasi volcanic rocks (BVR) in the western part of the Lhasa block are composed mainly of trachyandesites and trachytes, both of which belong to the shoshonite series. The trachytes show somewhat transitional compositions between the mantle-derived trachyandesites of the BVR and the crust-derived potassic rocks of Konglongxiang, most evident in their Sr, Ba, and Ni concentrations, Nb/Ta, Rb/Sr, Th/Nb, Zr/Nb, and Ba/Rb trace element ratios, and Sr and Nd isotopic compositions. These features, coupled with the relatively high Cr and Ni concentrations and Mg#, suggest that the trachytes are the product of mixing between mantle-derived and lower crust-derived melts. 相似文献
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Permo-Triassic magmatism is widespread in the eastern North Patagonian Massif and has been related to the Gondwanide orogeny. Although a magmatic arc setting is widely accepted for the Permian plutonic rocks, the origin and geotectonic setting for the Triassic plutonic and volcanic rocks are still unknown. A NW-SE Triassic dyke swarm composed of andesites and latites with minor rhyolites was previously described in the Sierra Grande – Rincon de Paileman area. The dyke swarm was associated with extensional tectonics which was linked to a postorogenic process.In this paper we present new geochemical data of the rocks that form the swarm. Trachyandesites and rhyolites were separated based on their geochemical characteristics. Both groups may be considered originated from different sources. On the other hand, the content of incompatible elements (LILE and HFSE) indicates a strong relation between the swarm and an active continental margin. The samples also show a transitional signature between continental-arc and postcollisional or anorogenic settings.The new geochemical data on the dyke swarm support the idea of a magmatism that was linked to a postorogenic extensional tectonic regime related to a continental magmatic arc. Such an extension started in the Paleopacific margin of Pangea during the Anisian and might indicate the beginning of the Pangea break-up. 相似文献
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西天山艾肯达坂二叠纪钾质火山岩的地球化学特征及岩石成因 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
西天山艾肯达坂组中粗安岩和粗面岩富碱(Na2O+K2O8%)、高铝(Al2O313.5%)和低钛(TiO21.31%),具有典型橄榄安粗岩系火山岩的岩石化学特征。两类钾质火山岩的微量元素和同位素地球化学特征差异显著:粗安岩明显富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,具有较高的Sr/Y(29～49)比值和相对较低的(87Sr/86Sr)i(0.7044～0.7045);而粗面岩大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素的富集程度明显减弱,甚至出现了Sr强烈亏损的现象,它具有较低的Sr/Y(1.74～2.50)比值和相对较高的(87Sr/86Sr)i(0.7060～0.7080)。研究结果显示,艾肯达坂组中粗安岩和粗面岩均是后俯冲岩浆作用的产物,但它们分别形成于俯冲演化的不同阶段:粗安岩是后俯冲伸展阶段形成的典型橄榄安粗质碱性基性火山岩,它是富集地幔低程度(熔融程度低于5%)部分熔融的产物,其熔融相以角闪石为主,在残留相中存在着大量的石榴石,因此它具有较高Sr/Y比值;而粗面岩则是后俯冲挤压阶段形成的长英质的碱性火山岩,它是年青下地壳部分熔融的产物,其形成时间早于粗安岩。 相似文献
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在准噶尔东北缘富蕴县喀拉通克地区,在原划石炭系姜巴斯套组中新发现了数条粗安质潜火山岩脉,岩石具富钠铝、贫镁铁特征;稀土总量ΣREE为147.58~176.53×10-6,轻稀土相对富集且发生显著分异,重稀土相对亏损;大多数高场强元素略微贫化,大离子元素略为富集,为碱性玄武岩浆分异作用的产物;采用LA ICP MS测得粗安岩中锆石的206Pb/238U年龄为181.9±0.7Ma,为早侏罗世,其证实了准噶尔盆地东北缘存在早侏罗世岩浆活动,对准噶尔东北缘下石炭统的厘定与划分具有重要意义;此次地球化学研究为解决新疆东北部中生代岩浆活动提供了研究性资料,对于研究环准噶尔盆地乃至新疆中生代构造岩浆演化具有重要意义。 相似文献
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