青藏高原北羌塘新生代高钾钙碱岩系火山岩角闪石类型有痕量元素地球化学   总被引：14，自引：2，他引：12       下载免费PDF全文

赖绍聪  伊海生 《岩石学报》2002,18(1):17-24

利用电子探针和激光探针剥蚀系统（LA－ICP－MS）对北羌塘新第三纪高钾钙碱岩系英安岩中角闪石的主元素和微量、角闪石强烈富集Sc、Ti、V、Cr、Co、Ni等不相容亲铁元素，而相对亏损Th、U、Pb、Rb等强不相容的大离子亲石元素。稀土元素丰度高，且无Eu异常，批示北羌塘这套高钾钙碱岩系火山岩可能是青藏高原加厚的相当于榴辉岩相物质组成的下部陆壳脱水熔融的产物。  相似文献

中国上地幔角闪石及其成因意义   总被引：14，自引：2，他引：12  

樊祺诚  刘若新 《矿物学报》1992,12(4):352-358,T001

我国土地幔成因角闪石以高铝(一般>2.0)为特征,以TiO_2、Cr_2O_3含量差异相区别,划分为韭闪石和钛角闪石两大类。韭闪石又有四种不同的成因类型:贫铬、钛型(Cr_2O_3=0.15％,TiO_2=0.07％),富铬型(Cr_2O_3=2.18％),富钛型(TiO_2=3.14％)和富铬、钛型(Cr_2O_3=2.59％,TiO_2=3.16％)。除贫铬、钛型韭闪石发现于苏北-胶南高压变质岩石中外,其它三种韭闪石(产于大陆区)和钛角闪石(产于台湾西部)均来自各种地幔橄榄岩、辉石岩及新生代玄武岩中。不管它们的产出方式如何(填隙、嵌晶、巨晶和包裹体子矿物),都直接或间接与地幔流体的交代作用有关,但各具成因之特点。  相似文献

Petrogenesis of Mafic Garnet Granulite in the Lower Crust of the Kohistan Paleo-arc Complex (Northern Pakistan): Implications for Intra-crustal Differentiation of Island Arcs and Generation of Continental Crust   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

GARRIDO  CARLOS J.; BODINIER  JEAN-LOUIS; BURG  JEAN-PIERRE; ZEILINGER  GEROLD; HUSSAIN  S. SHAHID; DAWOOD  HAMID; CHAUDHRY  M. NAWAZ; GERVILLA  FERNANDO 《Journal of Petrology》2006,47(10):1873-1914

We report the results of a geochemical study of the Jijal andSarangar complexes, which constitute the lower crust of theMesozoic Kohistan paleo-island arc (Northern Pakistan). TheJijal complex is composed of basal peridotites topped by a gabbroicsection made up of mafic garnet granulite with minor lensesof garnet hornblendite and granite, grading up-section to hornblendegabbronorite. The Sarangar complex is composed of metagabbro.The Sarangar gabbro and Jijal hornblende gabbronorite have melt-like,light rare earth element (LREE)-enriched REE patterns similarto those of island arc basalts. Together with the Jijal garnetgranulite, they define negative covariations of La_N, Yb_N and(La/Sm)_N with Eu^* [Eu^* = 2 x Eu_N/(Sm_N + Gd_N), where N indicateschondrite normalized], and positive covariations of (Yb/Gd)_Nwith Eu^*. REE modeling indicates that these covariations cannotbe accounted for by high-pressure crystal fractionation of hydrousprimitive or derivative andesites. They are consistent withformation of the garnet granulites as plagioclase–garnetassemblages with variable trapped melt fractions via eitherhigh-pressure crystallization of primitive island arc basaltsor dehydration-melting of hornblende gabbronorite, providedthat the amount of segregated or restitic garnet was low (<5wt %). Field, petrographic, geochemical and experimental evidenceis more consistent with formation of the Jijal garnet granuliteby dehydration-melting of Jijal hornblende gabbronorite. Similarly,the Jijal garnet-bearing hornblendite lenses were probably generatedby coeval dehydration-melting of hornblendites. Melting modelsand geochronological data point to intrusive leucogranites inthe overlying metaplutonic complex as the melts generated bydehydration-melting of the plutonic protoliths of the Jijalgarnet-bearing restites. Consistent with the metamorphic evolutionof the Kohistan lower arc crust, dehydration-melting occurredat the mature stage of this island arc when shallower hornblende-bearingplutonic rocks were buried to depths exceeding 25–30 kmand heated to temperatures above c. 900°C. Available experimentaldata on dehydration-melting of amphibolitic sources imply thatthickening of oceanic arcs to depths >30 km (equivalent toc. 1·0 GPa), together with the hot geotherms now postulatedfor lower island arc crust, should cause dehydration-meltingof amphibole-bearing plutonic rocks generating dense garnetgranulitic roots in island arcs. Dehydration-melting of hornblende-bearingplutonic rocks may, hence, be a common intracrustal chemicaland physical differentiation process in island arcs and a naturalconsequence of their maturation, leading to the addition ofgranitic partial melts to the middle–upper arc crust andformation of dense, unstable garnet granulite roots in the lowerarc crust. Addition of LREE-enriched granitic melts producedby this process to the middle–upper island arc crust maydrive its basaltic composition toward that of andesite, affordinga plausible solution to the ‘arc paradox’ of formationof andesitic continental-like crust in island arc settings. KEY WORDS: island arc crust; Kohistan complex; Jijal complex; amphibole dehydration-melting; garnet granulite; continental crustal growth  相似文献

岚皋碱性镁铁-超镁铁质潜火山杂岩中金云角闪辉石岩类地幔捕虏体矿物学特征   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12  

黄月华 《岩石学报》1993,9(4)

金云角闪辉石岩类捕虏体产于扬子板块北缘岚皋县境的早古生代碱性镁铁质-超镁铁质潜火山杂岩中,它们的典型矿物组成为单斜辉石、角闪石、金云母、磷灰石和钛铁矿。捕虏体岩石具粗-细粒等粒结构、板状等粒结构、三联点结构、碎裂结构和肯克带结构,交代结构十分发育。岩石产状、结构和矿物成分特征研究表明,金云角闪辉石岩类捕虏体是地幔交代作用产物,可能代表了该区碱性镁铁质-超镁铁质潜火山杂岩的源区岩石。  相似文献

Igneous garnet and amphibole fractionation in the roots of island arcs: experimental constraints on andesitic liquids   总被引：12，自引：8，他引：4  

Raquel Alonso-Perez  Othmar Müntener  Peter Ulmer 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2009,157(4):541-558

To evaluate the role of garnet and amphibole fractionation at conditions relevant for the crystallization of magmas in the roots of island arcs, a series of experiments were performed on a synthetic andesite at conditions ranging from 0.8 to 1.2 GPa, 800–1,000°C and variable H₂O contents. At water undersaturated conditions and fO₂ established around QFM, garnet has a wide stability field. At 1.2 GPa garnet + amphibole are the high-temperature liquidus phases followed by plagioclase at lower temperature. Clinopyroxene reaches its maximal stability at H₂O-contents ≤9 wt% at 950°C and is replaced by amphibole at lower temperature. The slopes of the plagioclase-in boundaries are moderately negative in space. At 0.8 GPa, garnet is stable at magmatic H₂O contents exceeding 8 wt% and is replaced by spinel at decreasing dissolved H₂O. The liquids formed by crystallization evolve through continuous silica increase from andesite to dacite and rhyolite for the 1.2 GPa series, but show substantial enrichment in FeO/MgO for the 0.8 GPa series related to the contrasting roles of garnet and amphibole in fractionating Fe–Mg in derivative liquids. Our experiments indicate that the stability of igneous garnet increases with increasing dissolved H₂O in silicate liquids and is thus likely to affect trace element compositions of H₂O-rich derivative arc volcanic rocks by fractionation. Garnet-controlled trace element ratios cannot be used as a proxy for ‘slab melting’, or dehydration melting in the deep arc. Garnet fractionation, either in the deep crust via formation of garnet gabbros, or in the upper mantle via formation of garnet pyroxenites remains an important alternative, despite the rare occurrence of magmatic garnet in volcanic rocks.  相似文献

卡姆斯特蛇绿混杂岩的岩石学研究及其地质意义   总被引：9，自引：7，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

徐新  朱永峰  陈博 《岩石学报》2007,23(7):1603-1610

东准噶尔卡姆斯特蛇绿岩剖面由玄武岩、变辉长岩、辉石岩、蛇纹石片岩、硅质岩和火山碎屑岩等组成。辉石不发育出溶结构,说明地幔岩侵位过程相对缓慢(从上地幔到下地壳迁移过程中没有发生突然抬升或者 PT 条件的巨大改变)。辉石岩中存在三类角闪石:具有出溶结构的角闪石(Amp Ⅰ,镁绿钙闪石),与 Amp Ⅰ共生的均匀角闪石(Amp Ⅱ,镁质普通角闪石),以及交代单斜辉石边部的角闪石(Amp Ⅲ,钙镁闪石质普通角闪石)。基于对辉石岩和变辉长岩中角闪石的化学组成及其结构的仔细研究,获得该蛇绿岩侵位的基本演化特征如下:地幔岩在中下地壳环境被快速抬升,导致辉石岩中的角闪石分解而形成铬磁铁矿出溶结构,当蛇绿岩侵位到中地壳环境后,岩石经受角闪岩相退变质改造,继续上升到上地壳环境后,岩石发生绿片岩相的退变质。  相似文献

青藏高原东部及邻区富碱侵入岩中的角闪石和辉石   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

谢应雯  张玉泉 《矿物学报》1998,(1)

本文研究了青藏高原东部及邻区两种富碱侵入岩中的角门石和辉石的矿物化学特征及成团演化，划分了矿物的种属和组合。钠质富碱侵入岩的暗色造岩矿物组合；辉石类（霓石为主，霓辉石次之）、碱性问石（钠门石为主，亚铁钠闪石次之）和富铁黑云母。钾质富碱侵人岩的暗色选岩矿物组合：Ca辉石组（透辉石为主）、Ca闪石组（浅门石为主，次为浅闪石角门石）和富镁黑云母。  相似文献

Transformation of garnet epidote amphibolite to eclogite, western Dabie Mountains, China   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

J. Liu  K. Ye 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2004,22(5):383-394

Omphacite and garnet coronas around amphibole occur in amphibolites in the Hong'an area, western Dabie Mountains, China. These amphibolites consist of an epidote–amphibolite facies assemblage of amphibole, garnet, albite, clinozoisite, paragonite, ilmenite and quartz, which is incompletely overprinted by an eclogite facies assemblage of garnet, omphacite and rutile. Coronas around amphibole can be divided into three types: an omphacite corona; a garnet–omphacite–rutile corona; and, a garnet–omphacite corona with less rutile. Chemographic analysis for local reaction domains in combination with petrographical observations show that reactions Amp + Ab + Pg = Omp +Czo + Qtz + H₂O, and Amp + Ab = Omp ± Czo + Qtz + H₂O may lead to the development of omphacite coronas. The garnet–omphacite–rutile corona was formed from the reaction Amp + Ab + Czo + Ilm ± Qtz = Omp + Grt + Rt + H₂O. In garnet–omphacite coronas, the garnet corona grew during an early stage of epidote amphibolite facies metamorphism, whereas omphacite probably formed by the reactions forming the omphacite corona during the eclogite facies stage. It is estimated that these reactions occurred at 0.8–1.4 GPa and 480–610 °C using the garnet–clinopyroxene thermometer and omphacite barometer in the presence of albite.  相似文献

岚皋金云角闪辉石岩类捕虏体：地幔交代作用的证据   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

徐学义  黄月华 《岩石学报》1997,13(1):1-13

产于陕西岚皋地区碱质基性－超基性潜火山杂岩中的金云角闪辉石岩类捕虏体，主要由透辉石、富钛韭闪石、金云母、磷灰石、榍石、及钛铁矿组成。捕虏体发育三联晶、碎裂边、肯克变形等固相线下变形变质结构，矿物学特征表明，透辉石、富钛韭闪石、金云母为地幔来源，是地幔交代作用的产物；与正常地幔尖晶石二辉橄榄岩相比，捕虏体富ＴｉＯ２、Ｆｅ２Ｏ３、ＣａＯ、Ｎａ２Ｏ、Ｋ２Ｏ，贫ＭｇＯ，其稀土元素具富集特征，尤其富集ＬＲＥＥ；微量元素分配型式显示了富亲石不相容元素的特征。岩相学、矿物学及岩石化学特征表明：该类捕虏体为交代地幔捕虏体，它代表了北大巴山早古生代裂谷作用时期的异常地幔，是地幔交代作用的产物。交代营力可能源于地幔热缕的上升，交代过程推测为深处小范围的流体交代及随后硅酸岩熔体的“弥散”性交代  相似文献

Nb/Ta fractionation observed in eclogites from the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

J.L. Liang  X. Ding  X.M. Sun  Z.M. Zhang  H. Zhang  W.D. Sun   《Chemical Geology》2009,268(1-2):27-40

This paper reports detailed analyses of Nb and Ta concentrations of 19 eclogite samples and their principal mineral constituents from the main drill hole of the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project (CCSD) and nearby outcrops. We observe highly fractionated and overall suprachondritic Nb/Ta values in minerals, e.g., rutile (4.8–87), titanite (12–62) and amphibole (2.0–67). Amphiboles in amphibolites (retrograded from eclogite) can be classified into two groups: a low Nb/Ta group that bears higher Al contents and is thus of higher pressure origin, and a high Nb/Ta, lower pressure group. The former group was likely formed during subduction; the latter may have formed during exhumation in the presence of rutile and titanite. The significant Nb/Ta fractionation in rutile and other minerals may reflect early dehydration of the subducted slab at shallow depths before the formation of rutile, which occurs at depths ≥50 km. The dehydration, with amphiboles existing as the main Nb–Ta-bearing phase, would lead to Nb/Ta fractionation, i.e., forming subchondritic Nb/Ta ratios in the released fluids and, complementarily, suprachondritic Nb/Ta ratios in the residual phases. While a large proportion of the fluids may escape from the slab to the mantle wedge, considerable amounts of the fluids can be retained in hydrous minerals within the descending slab, thus forming hydrated cold eclogites with subchondritic Nb/Ta characteristics. As subduction continues to depths over 50 km, rutile appears and consequently controls the Nb–Ta budget. In the presence of rutile, melting of the hydrated cold eclogites with very low Nb/Ta ratios would form magmas with negative Nb, Ta anomalies and subchondritic Nb/Ta. Further dehydration of the continuously descending slab results in even more fractionated Nb/Ta ratios in subsequently released fluids and residues, providing a feasible explanation for the large Nb/Ta variation observed in the modern arc magmas and residual eclogites.  相似文献