Cretaceous tectonic evolution of the Neo-Tethys in Central Iran:Evidence from petrology and age of the Nain-Ashin ophiolitic basalts     

Tahmineh Pirnia  Emilio Saccani  Ghodrat Torabi  Marco Chiari  Spela Gorican  Edoardo Barbero 《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(1):57-81

The Nain and Ashin ophiolites consist of Mesozoic melange units that were emplaced in the Late Cretaceous onto the continental basement of the Central-East Iran microcontinent(CEIM).They largely consist of serpentinized peridotites slices;nonetheless,minor tectonic slices of sheeted dykes and pillow lavas-locally stratigraphically associated with radiolarian cherts-can be found in these ophiolitic melanges.Based on their whole rock geochemistry and mineral chemistry,these rocks can be divided into two geochemical groups.The sheeted dykes and most of the pillow lavas show island arc tholeiitic(IAT)affinity,whereas a few pillow lavas from the Nain ophiolites show calc-alkaline(CA)affinity.Petrogenetic modeling based on trace elements composition indicates that both IAT and CA rocks derived from partial melting of depleted mantle sources that underwent enrichment in subduction-derived components prior to melting.Petrogenetic modeling shows that these components were represented by pure aqueous fluids,or sediment melts,or a combination of both,suggesting that the studied rocks were formed in an arc-forearc tectonic setting.Our new biostratigraphic data indicate this arc-forearc setting was active in the Early Cretaceous.Previous tectonic interpretations suggested that the Nain ophiolites formed,in a Late Cretaceous backarc basin located in the south of the CEIM(the so-called Nain-Baft basin).However,recent studies showed that the CEIM underwent a counter-clockwise rotation in the Cenozoic,which displaced the Nain and Ashin ophiolites in their present day position from an original northeastward location.This evidence combined with our new data and a comparison of the chemical features of volcanic rocks from different ophiolites around the CEIM allow us to suggest that the Nain-Ashin volcanic rocks and dykes were formed in a volcanic arc that developed on the northern margin of the CEIM during the Early Cretaceous in association with the subduction,below the CEIM,of a Neo-Tethys oceanic branch that was existing between the CEIM and the southern margin of Eurasia.As a major conclusion of this paper,a new geodynamic model for the Cretaceous evolution of the CEIM and surrounding Neo-Tethyan oceanic basins is proposed.  相似文献   

硼的地球化学性质及其在俯冲带的循环与成矿初探   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

林秋婷  陈晨  刘海洋 《岩石学报》2020,36(1):5-12

硼是广泛应用于化工、农业、材料科学及核工业领域的重要元素。硼与氢的核聚变反应是未来具备运用潜力的清洁能源。硼作为典型的亲石元素,是高度不相容元素。硼元素容易富集于蚀变洋壳及蛇纹石化地幔橄榄岩中。而在板块俯冲过程中,由于硼具有强的流体活动性,会优先赋存于流体中。因此,当蛇纹石化的大洋岩石圈及覆于其上的沉积物在俯冲过程中发生脱水,这使得弧前地幔楔发生大规模的蛇纹石化。此时大量硼元素很可能随俯冲流体释放并封存于弧前地幔楔中。目前已发现的超大型硼矿床主要位于聚合型板块边缘,尤其土耳其拥有世界上最大的硼酸盐储量。我们推测这些矿床的形成基础条件之一可能与弧前高度蛇纹石化的地幔楔有关。尤其是在洋 陆俯冲环境,弧前蛇纹岩或蛇绿混杂岩首先通过俯冲侵蚀再循环到火山弧岩浆中,使得岩浆更富集硼。随后弧火山喷发大量富硼的火山岩、岩浆热液及水气。在岩浆冷却过程中,硼元素析出、沉淀于火山表面,并伴随风化、侵蚀过程汇聚至碰撞造山带的封闭湖盆之中。此外,干冷的气候条件下也进一步促进了硼的成矿。我国具有形成大型、超大型硼矿的地质条件,应加大研究及探勘力度,并适当购买硼作为战略储备。  相似文献   

内蒙古狼山地区早二叠世花岗闪长岩的年代学、地球化学特征及其构造背景     

田健  滕学建  刘洋  滕飞  郭硕  何鹏  王文龙 《中国地质》2020,47(3):767-781

内蒙古狼山山脉西侧分布有大面积的晚古生代岩浆岩,其时代集中在早石炭世—晚二叠世,不同时代岩浆岩岩石组合对于认识狼山地区晚古生代构造背景具有重要的意义。文章通过岩石学、岩相学、地球化学及Hf同位素等方法,对狼山地区查干乃呼都格一带花岗闪长岩体进行了研究。该岩体岩性为花岗闪长岩,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄显示,其206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(299±1)～(293±2) Ma。岩石暗色矿物为角闪石及黑云母,富含闪长质包体,P_2O_5含量与SiO_2含量之间显示良好的负相关性,富钠(Na_2O含量为3.45%～4.96%),高钠钾比值(Na_2O/K_2O比值为1.33～2.52),岩石地球化学特征显示花岗岩成因类型为Ⅰ型花岗岩。岩石具有负的ε_(Hf)(t)值(-6.3～-2.0)及T_(DM2)为1437～1704 Ma(平均值为1606 Ma),显示了古—中元古代古老地壳熔融的特点,ε_(Hf)(t)-t及角闪石成因图解显示源区有幔源岩浆参与。花岗岩富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K、Pb,不同程度的亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti,轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损,弱的负Eu异常,显示了岩浆弧的地球化学特征。结合晚石炭世—早二叠世狼山地区侵入岩岩石组合为闪长岩+石英闪长岩+花岗闪长岩(英云闪长岩),早—中二叠世大石寨组火山岩岩石组合为玄武岩+玄武安山岩+安山岩+英安岩,总体反映了陆缘弧的岩石组合;狼山地区早二叠世处于大陆边缘弧的构造背景,与华北地块北缘中东部可以对比。  相似文献   

Geochemical characteristics of a pre-Middle Jurassic oceanic crust fragment from the Central Pontides in northern Turkey: Geodynamic implications on intra-oceanic subduction initiation     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2020,80(1):125535

The Central Pontides (northern Turkey) is one of the key localities to understand the geodynamic evolution of the Palaeo- and Neotethyan oceans. It consists of the pre-Jurassic basement units, the Early Jurassic and the Early Cretaceous accretionary complexes, the widespread Middle Jurassic continental arc magmatics and the Late Jurassic to Tertiary cover units. The Early Cretaceous accretionary complex is represented by the Central Pontide Structural Complex and includes the Middle Jurassic oceanic units, which were metamorphosed during the Early Cretaceous. Apart from these oceanic units, a few metaophiolite and serpentinite fragments have been recognized within the basement units, which may represent the remnants of an older ocean. The pre-Middle Jurassic Devrekani Metaophiolite is the largest oceanic fragment and tectonically intercalated within/between the Devrekani Metamorphics and the Çangaldağ Metamorphic Complex. It is mainly composed of harzburgites, dunites with chromite veins and metagabbros, and cut by metabasaltic andesites and metadacites. Petrographically, the gabbro consists mainly of plagioclase and clinopyroxene, and displays phaneritic/porphyritic texture. In contrast, the metabasaltic andesite includes plagioclase and mica phenocrysts within a fine-grained groundmass. Also, the metadacite is composed predominantly of quartz, plagioclase, and mica minerals. Two different magmatic groups belonging to completely different tectono-magmatic settings have been geochemically determined based on the immobile trace element systematics. The metadacites and metabasaltic andesites are akin to continental arc magmatics and characterized by negative Nb and Ta anomalies and depleted HFSE relative to Th and La contents. However, the metagabbro samples display the geochemical signatures of boninitic rocks and characterized by highly depletion in HFSEs and REEs relative to N-MORB. The Devrekani Metaophiolite in the Central Pontides may represent another remnant of pre-Middle Jurassic oceanic crust generation and can be north-eastward continuation of the Permian-aged Almacık complex and the Boğazköy Metaophiolite fragment in the western Sakarya Composite Terrane. It may have been cut by intrusions of the extensive Middle Jurassic continental arc magmatism after its imbrication within the basement unit. The presence of pre-Middle Jurassic oceanic units may indicate that the Paleozoic ocean may have survived as the Jurassic Intra-Pontide Ocean between the Scythian Platform and Sakarya Composite Terrane during the Mesozoic time. Thus, the Intra-Pontide Suture may normally include the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic remnants of the long-lived northward subducting Tethyan ocean.  相似文献   

桂西南凭祥火山岩年代学、地球化学及Hf同位素研究——对古特提斯洋最晚北向俯冲事件的启示     

李政林  刘希军  肖文交  鲍厚银  时毓  刘磊  廖帅  覃显著 《地质力学学报》2019,25(5):932-946

华南西南缘凭祥地区位于特提斯构造域东端，华南与印支陆块碰撞缝合带的北部，该区出露的三叠纪中酸性火山岩是古特提斯洋俯冲过程中在华南陆块边缘形成的大陆弧产物，这些火山岩同时携带的大量来自华南陆块基底的捕获锆石为华南陆块的构造热事件研究将提供重要的信息。对凭祥地区三叠系北泗组英安岩进行了同位素年代学、地球化学及锆石Hf同位素研究，获得了一个英安岩样品的加权平均年龄为（227.8±1）Ma，这些英安岩具有高SiO₂、K₂O含量，极低的MgO、MnO和CaO含量，富集大离子亲石元素（Rb、Ba、Th和U）和亏损高场强元素（Nb、Ta）的特点，显示了典型的岛弧岩浆作用特征，代表古特提斯洋向北俯冲至华南陆块之下形成的大陆弧产物。其余两个英安岩样品中的70粒锆石主要为来自华南陆块基底的捕获锆石，其年龄数据变化区间较大，为1010~231 Ma，这些捕获锆石U-Pb年龄频谱分布主要集中在四个区间:11010~800 Ma（峰值900 Ma），其锆石的ε_Hf（t）值为4.5~15.1，响应扬子和华夏陆块之间聚合-裂解-再聚合的构造演化事件，反应了其幔源岩浆的广泛参与；2720~620 Ma（峰值680 Ma）响应南华纪已拼合的扬子-华夏陆块的再次发生裂解；3490~400 Ma（峰值450 Ma），其锆石的ε_Hf（t）值为2.2~-7.8，响应华南早古生代加里东运动有关的壳-幔相互作用岩浆事件；4280~230 Ma（峰值250 Ma），其锆石ε_Hf（t）值为-13.6~-16.5，地壳模式年龄为2.3~2.1 Ga，代表了印支与华南陆块之间古特提斯洋俯冲闭合的岩浆事件。文章的研究结果揭示了凭祥北泗组英安岩与华南陆块的亲缘性，其结晶年龄限定了华南与印支陆块之间的古特提斯洋俯冲结束、陆-陆开始碰撞的最晚时限为中-晚三叠纪。   相似文献   

冈底斯岩浆弧东端石榴斜长角闪岩的晚白垩世岩浆与变质作用记录及构造意义   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

牛志祥  张泽明  丁慧霞  陈言飞  张宁  李文坛 《岩石学报》2019,35(2):376-386

冈底斯岩浆弧位于青藏高原拉萨地体南部,形成在新特提斯洋向北俯冲的安第斯型造山和印度与欧亚大陆碰撞的喜马拉雅型造山过程中,是研究青藏高原中-新生代构造演化的理想地区。本文对冈底斯岩浆弧东端石榴斜长角闪岩进行了岩石学、相平衡模拟以及锆石U-Pb年代学研究。石榴斜长角闪岩主要由石榴石、角闪石、斜长石、绿帘石、白云母和石英组成,含少量金红石和钛铁矿,具有基性岩浆岩的化学成分。相平衡模拟结果表明,石榴斜长角闪岩经历了高压麻粒岩相变质作用和部分熔融,峰期变质作用的温度和压力条件为～820℃和～1.67GPa,形成深度相当于55km。石榴斜长角闪岩中的锆石具有继承的岩浆核和变质边。锆石岩浆核具有条带状环带,相对高的HREE含量(平均值为1150×10~(-6))和高的Th/U比值(0.51～0.95),给出了90.4±1.7Ma(MSWD=0.32)的原岩结晶年龄。锆石的变质边不具环带,具有较低的HREE含量(平均值为58.5×10~(-6))和低的Th/U比值(0.29～0.40),给出了86.7±5.7Ma(MSWD=0.15)的变质年龄。本文研究结果表明,冈底斯岩浆弧东端晚白垩世辉长岩经历了近侵入同期的高压高温变质作用和部分熔融,大体积幔源岩浆的底垫和增生导致岩浆弧发生了显著的新生地壳生长和加厚。  相似文献   

The earliest stage of Izu rear‐arc volcanism revealed by drilling at Site U1437, International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 350     

Tomoki Sato  Takashi Miyazaki  Yoshihiko Tamura  James B. Gill  Martin Jutzeler  Ryoko Senda  Jun‐Ichi Kimura 《Island Arc》2020,29(1)

The International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 350 drilled between two Izu rear‐arc seamount chains at Site U1437 and recovered the first complete succession of rear‐arc rocks. The drilling reached 1806.5 m below seafloor. In situ hyaloclastites, which had erupted before the rear‐arc seamounts came into existence at this site, were recovered in the deepest part of the hole (～15–16 Ma). Here it is found that the composition of the oldest rocks recovered does not have rear‐arc seamount chain geochemical signatures, but instead shows affinities with volcanic front or some of the extensional zone basalts between the present volcanic front and the rear‐arc seamount chains. It is suggested that following the opening of the Shikoku back‐arc Basin, Site U1437 was a volcanic front or a rifting zone just behind the volcanic front, and was followed at ~ 9 Ma by the start of rear‐arc seamount chains volcanism. This geochemical change records variations in the subduction components with time, which might have followed eastward moving of hot fingers in the mantle wedge and deepening of the subducting slab below Site U1437 after the cessation of Shikoku back‐arc Basin opening.  相似文献   

内蒙古北山地区阿民乌素蛇绿岩的年代学、地球化学特征及大地构造意义     

孟庆涛 《地质与勘探》2021,57(1):122-135

内蒙古北山地区阿民乌素蛇绿岩是芨芨台子-小黄山蛇绿岩带的重要组成部分,主要由变质辉长岩和极少强蛇纹石化橄榄岩组成。变质辉长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄453±12 Ma,形成于晚奥陶世。强蛇纹石化橄榄岩MgO(36.90%~37.44%)、Ni(1980×10^-6~2232×10^-6)、Cr(2312×10^-6~2506×10^-6)含量高,而Al2O3(0.59%~1.41%)、TiO 2(0.01%~0.02%)和∑REE(0.85×10^-6~3.25×10^-6)含量低,具亏损地幔岩特征;变质辉长岩MgO(7.22.20%~11.66%)相对含量高;Al2O3(15.61%~18.79%)、TiO 2(0.20%~0.29%)、P2O5(0.01%)、K2O+Na2O(1.36%~2.43%)含量低,且K2O相似文献   

大陆的起源     

赵国春  张国伟 《地质学报》2021,95(1):1-19

太阳系固体星球都有类似的核-幔-壳结构,但唯独人类居住的地球具有长英质组成的大陆壳。太古宙大陆克拉通主要由英云闪长岩(Tonalite)-奥长花岗岩(Trondhjemite)-花岗闪长岩(Granodiorite)为主的TTG深成侵入体变质而成的正片麻岩和由基性-超基性酸性火山岩及少量沉积岩变质的表壳岩(绿岩)组成。已有的资料显示这些太古宙大陆岩石组合起源于大洋壳的部分熔融。大洋壳分为大洋盆地、洋中脊、岛弧和洋底高原(大洋岛)。前两者地壳的平均厚度只有5~10km,不可能成为形成太古宙TTG深成侵入体的场所。因此,长英质大陆或起源于板块构造体制下的岛弧,或起源于地幔柱体制下的洋底高原。板块构造体制下的岛弧模式能够很好地解释太古宙克拉通TTG深成岩的成因,即俯冲大洋板片部分熔融所形成的埃达克岩相当于太古宙高压(高Al2O2)型TTG,而俯冲板片脱水导致地幔楔部分熔融形成的玄武质地壳再次熔融所形成的钙碱性花岗质岩石相当于太古宙低压(低Al2O2)型TTG。然而,板块构造体制下的岛弧模式不能令人满意地解释太古宙绿岩带火山岩组合中缺少大量的安山岩、科马提岩~1600℃高温形成环境、克拉通规模近于同时侵位的TTG岩套、大规模卵形构造样式、代表性的逆时针P-T轨迹变质作用演化等诸多特征。相反,地幔柱洋底高原模式能够合理地解释太古宙绿岩双峰式火山岩组合的成因,即基性的拉斑玄武岩和超基性的科马提岩分别来自地幔柱头部部分熔融和尾柱熔浆,而酸性的英安岩、流纹质英安岩和流纹岩是地幔柱热异常导致的洋底高原底部的部分熔融物。按照地幔柱洋底高原模式,太古宙TTG岩浆是由洋底高原底部玄武质地壳的部分熔融而成,这样能够合理地解释为什么太古宙TTG能够在短时间内巨量产出并在形成时间上没有任何系统变化。地幔柱洋底高原模式还能合理地解释太古宙克拉通穹隆构造(dome-and-keel structure)样式、近等压冷却型(IBC)逆时针P-T轨迹,缺少蓝片岩和双变质带的等典型岛弧俯冲带的标志的特征。本文在对大陆起源的岛弧模式和地幔柱洋底高原模式综合评述的基础上,提出一个大陆起源于洋底高原的两阶段模式。  相似文献   

东准噶尔琼河坝岛弧晚古生代地球动力学环境——来自和尔赛岩体暗色岩墙时空分布的证据          下载免费PDF全文

冯乾文  周可法  王金林 《地质科学》2015,(4):1068-1082

新疆东准噶尔地区地处阿尔泰、准噶尔和东天山等山系和构造单元的结合部位, 是研究中亚造山带(或称北亚造山区)构造演化的关键地区。以往的研究多集中于东准噶尔的岩石组合和地球化学组成, 相对缺乏构造变形尤其是中小尺度构造变形的研究。初步研究发现东准噶尔分布着大量的中基性暗色岩墙, 它们是后期岩浆侵入到前期构造裂隙中的产物, 可以从时空两个方面为构造裂隙的研究提供制约。本文结合地质资料和高分辨率遥感影像解译, 在琼河坝岛弧带中的和尔赛岩体(早泥盆世)中识别出来了874个暗色岩墙(晚石炭世-早二叠世)片段, 它们的走向以北西西-南东东向为主, 另外还有少数北东-南西和北西-南东走向的岩墙。通过岩墙的宏观变形特征可以推测, 北西西-南东东走向的岩墙形成于压张性裂隙之中, 北西-南东走向的岩墙形成于左行张剪裂隙之中, 北东-南西走向的岩墙形成于右行压剪裂隙之中。这些裂隙形成时平面最大主应力为北西西-南东东方向。结合岩体和岩墙的时代, 本文认为在晚泥盆世-早石炭世期间, 和尔赛岩体由于受到北西西-南东东方向的区域挤压作用而产生相应的裂隙, 可能标志着洋盆结束后碰撞作用的发生, 而晚石炭世-早二叠世暗色岩墙的普遍发育可能是后碰撞岩浆活动的标志。  相似文献