伊犁蒙其古尔铀矿床含矿层砂岩中黄铁矿形成机制及对铀成矿的指示意义     

丁波  刘红旭  张宾  李平  蒋宏  张虎军  谢希良  郭春杰 《矿床地质》2019,38(6):1379-1391

蒙其古尔铀矿床为伊犁盆地南缘大型层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿床,为查明该矿床含矿层中黄铁矿成因及其形成机制,探讨微生物参与铀成矿过程。文章对含矿层砂岩中黄铁矿与铀矿物矿物学特征、黄铁矿S同位素与碳酸盐胶结物的C-O同位素开展细致研究。研究表明:①蒙其古尔铀矿床中铀主要以铀矿物与吸附铀形式存在,吸附铀主要为有机质吸附铀,铀矿物以沥青铀矿为主,多与黄铁矿、炭屑共生;②蒙其古尔铀矿床含矿层砂岩中黄铁矿主要以自形晶、草莓状和不规则状集合体产出,多与沥青铀矿、碳酸盐胶结物共生,其中黄铁矿S同位素(δ~(34)S_(V-CDT)=-68.4‰～22.1‰)与碳酸盐胶结物的C-O同位素(δ~(13)C_(V-PDB)=-10.2‰～-7.4‰,δ~(18)O_(V-PDB)=-9.6‰～-5.8‰)分析表明黄铁矿具有细菌硫酸盐还原(BSR)与有机物热解2种成因,并探讨了这2种不同成因黄铁矿的形成机制。③结合前人研究成果,认为硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)参与蒙其古尔铀矿床铀成矿过程,以间接还原方式为主,在有机质、黏土矿物与颗粒表面吸附U(Ⅵ)的基础上,通过硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)还原SO_4~(2-)产生的H_2S将U(Ⅵ)被还原成U(Ⅳ),形成铀矿物。  相似文献   

Geochemistry and genesis of authigenic pyrite from gas hydrate accumulation system in the Qilian Mountain permafrost,Qinghai, northwest China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

PingKang Wang  YouHai Zhu  ZhenQuan Lu  Xia Huang  ShouJi Pang  Shuai Zhang  ShaoQing Jiang  QingHai Li  KaiLi Yang  Bing Li 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(9):2217-2231

A type of authigenic pyrites that fully fill or semi-fill the rock fractures of drillholes with gas hydrate anomalies are found in the Qilian Mountain permafrost; this type of pyrite is known as “fracture-filling” pyrite. The occurrence of “fracture-filling” pyrite has a certain similarity with that of the hydrate found in this region, and the pyrite is generally concentrated in the lower part of the hydrate layer or the hydrate anomaly layer. The morphology, trace elements, rare earth elements, and sulfur isotope analyses of samples from drillhole DK-6 indicate that the “fracture-filling” pyrites are dominated by cubic ones mainly aligned in a step-like fashion along the surfaces of rock fractures and are associated with a circular structure, lower Co/Ni and Sr/Ba, lower ΣREE, higher LREE, significant Eu negative anomalies, and Δ³⁴S_CDT positive bias. In terms of the pyrites’ unique crystal morphology and geochemical characteristics and their relationship with the hydrate layers or abnormal layers, they are closely related with the accumulation system of the gas hydrate in the Qilian Mountain permafrost. As climate change is an important factor in affecting the stability of the gas hydrate, formation of fracture-filling pyrites is most likely closely related to the secondary change of the metastable gas hydrate under the regional climate warming. The distribution intensity of these pyrites indicates that when the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) is narrowing, the hydrate decomposition at the bottom of the GHSZ is stronger than that at the top of the GHSZ, whereas the hydrate decomposition within the GHSZ is relatively weak. Thus, the zone between the shallowest and the deepest distribution of the fracture-filling pyrite recorded the largest possible original GHSZ.  相似文献   

Geochemical and geochronological characteristics of the Um Rus granite intrusion and associated gold deposit,Eastern Desert,Egypt     

Basem Zoheir  Richard Goldfarb  Astrid Holzheid  Hassan Helmy  Ahmed El Sheikh 《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(1):325-345

The Um Rus tonalite-granodiorite intrusion(~6 km2)occurs at the eastern end of the Neoproterozoic,ENE-trending Wadi Muba rak shear belt in the Central Eastern Desert of Egypt.Gold-bearing quartz veins hosted by the Um Rus intrusion were mined intermittently,and initially by the ancient Egyptians and until the early 1900 s.The relationship between the gold mineralization,host intrusion,and regional structures has always been unclear.We present new geochemical and geochronological data that help to define the tectonic environment and age of the Um Rus intrusion.In addition,field studies are integrated with EPMA and LA-ICP-MS data for gold-associated sulfides to better understand the formation and distribution of gold mineralization.The bulk-rock geochemical data of fresh host rocks indicate a calc-alkaline,metaluminous to mildly peraluminous,I-type granite signature.Their trace element composition reflects a tectonic setting intermediate between subduction-related and within-plate environments,presumably transitional between syn-and post-collisional stages.The crystallization age of the Um Rus intrusion was determined by in situ SHRIMP 206 Pb/238 U and 207Pb/235U measurements on accessory monazite grains.The resultant monazite U-Pb weighted mean age(643±9 Ma;MSWD 1.8)roughly overlaps existing geochronological data for similar granitic intrusions that are confined to major shear systems and are locally associated with gold mineralization in the Central Eastrn Desert(e.g.,Fawakhir and Hangaliya).This age is also consistent with magmatism recognized as concomitant to transpressional tectonics(D2:~650 Ma)during the evolution of the Wadi Mubark belt.Formation of the gold-bearing quartz veins in NNE-SSW and N-S striking fault segments was likely linked to the change from transpressional to transtensional tectonics and terrane exhumation(D3:620-580 Ma).The development of N-S throughgoing fault arrays and dike swarms(~595 Ma)led to heterogeneous deformation and recrystallization of the mineralized quartz veins.Ore minerals in the auriferous quartz veins include ubiquitous pyrite and arsenopyrite,with less abundant pyrrhotite,chalcopyrite,sphalerite,and galena.Uncommon pentlandite,gersdorffite,and cobaltite inclusions hosted in quartz veins with meladiorite slivers are interpreted as pre-ore sulfide phases.The gold-sulfide paragenesis encompasses an early pyrite-arsenopyrite±loellingite assemblage,a transitional pyrite-arsenopyrite assemblage,and a late pyrrhotite-chalcopyrite-sphalerite±galena assemblage.Free-milling gold/electrum grains(10 sμm-long)are scattered in extensively deformed vein quartz and in and adjacent to sulfide grains.Marcasite,malachite,and nodular goethite are authigenic alteration phases after pyrrhotite,chalcopyrite,and pyrite and arsenopyrite,respectively.A combined ore petrography,EPMA,and LA-ICP-MS study distinguishes morphological and compositional differences in the early and transitional pyrites(PyⅠ,PyⅡ)and arsenopyrite(ApyⅠ,ApyⅡ).Py I forms uncommon small euhedral inclusions in later PyⅡand Apy II.PyⅡforms large subhedral crystals with porous inner zones and massive outer zones,separated by narrow As-rich irregular mantles.The Fe and As contents in PyⅡare variable,and the LA-ICP-MS analysis shows erratic concentrations of Au(<1 to 177 ppm)and other trace elements(e.g.,Ag,Te,and Sb)in the porous inner zones,most likely related to discrete sub-microscopic sulfide inclusions.The outer massive zones have a rather homogenous composition,with consistently lower abundances of base metals and Au(mean 1.28 ppm).The early arsenopyrite(Apy I)forms fine-grained euhedral crystals enriched in Au(mean 17.7 ppm)and many other trace elements(i.e.,Ni,Co,Se,Ag,Sb,Te,Hg,and Bi).On the other hand,ApyⅡoccurs as coarsegrained subhedral crystals with lower and less variable concentrations of Au(mean 4 ppm).Elevated concentrations of Au(max.327 ppm)and other trace elements are measured in fragmented and aggregated pyrite and arsenopyrite grains,whereas the undeformed intact zones of the same grains are poor in all trace elements.The occurrence of gold/electrum as secondary inclusions in deformed pyrite and arsenopyrite crystals indicates that gold introduction was relatively late in the paragenesis.The LAICP-MS results are consistent with gold redistribution by the N-S though-going faults/dikes overprinted the earlier NNW-SSE quartz veins in the southeastern part of the intrusion,where the underground mining is concentrated.Formation of the Um Rus intrusion and gold-bearing quartz veins can be related to the evolution of the Wadi Mubarak shear belt,where the granitic intrusion formed during or just subsequent to D2 and provided dilatation spaces for gold-quartz vein deposition when deformed by D3 structures.  相似文献   

赣南狮吼山硫铁多金属矿区花岗岩地球化学、年代学特征及其成因     

贺根文  路思明  彭琳琳  于长琦  李伟  刘翠辉 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2020,50(5):1491-1504

狮吼山矿区是江西省内规模最大的矽卡岩型硫铁多金属矿床，伴生W、Cu、Au多种成矿元素，成矿作用与矿区出露的茶山迳复式花岗岩体有关。岩体主要包括茶山迳似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩和莲湖细粒二长花岗岩两期，为研究成矿岩体的侵位时代、岩石成因及与成矿的关系，本次工作进行了U-Pb锆石定年、岩相学和岩石地球化学等测试分析。结果表明：岩体具有高硅、高钾、富铝的特征，属高钾钙碱性系列花岗岩；轻重稀土元素分馏明显，均为右倾型，弱Eu负异常，以富集Cs、Rb、Th、U、Pb，亏损Ba、Nb、Sr、和Ti等元素为主要特征，属于低Ba-Sr壳源花岗岩类；锆石具较好晶形，具典型岩浆锆石特征，利用LA-ICP-MS进行U-Pb测年，获得谐和年龄为（162.4±0.6）Ma（MSWD=1.8），加权平均年龄为（162.4±1.4）Ma（MSWD=1.4），谐和年龄与加权平均年龄在误差范围内高度一致，表明茶山迳复式岩体侵位于燕山早期中侏罗世；综合考虑岩体矿物组合、主微量元素及高分异特征，认为其成因分类应属于S型花岗岩；对比中国花岗岩成矿元素平均含量，茶山迳两期花岗岩均具有较高的W、Mo、Bi、Pb等成矿元素含量，可同时为成矿作用提供热源、流体及物质。  相似文献   

南海神狐海域沉积物自生黄铁矿和石膏S同位素特征及对甲烷渗漏强度的示踪   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张美  陆红锋  管红香  刘丽华  邬黛黛  吴能友 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(7):20-27

The northern slope of the South China Sea is a gas-hydrate-bearing region related to a high deposition rate of organic-rich sediments co-occurring with intense methanogenesis in subseafloor environments.Anaerobic oxidation of methane(AOM) coupled with bacterial sulfate reduction results in the precipitation of solid phase minerals in seepage sediment,including pyrite and gypsum.Abundant aggregates of pyrites and gypsums are observed between the depth of 667 and 850 cm below the seafloor(cmbsf) in the entire core sediment of HS328 from the northern South China Sea.Most pyrites are tubes consisting of framboidal cores and outer crusts.Gypsum aggregates occur as rosettes and spheroids consisting of plates.Some of them grow over pyrite,indicating that gypsum precipitation postdates pyrite formation.The sulfur isotopic values(δ~(34) S) of pyrite vary greatly(from –46.6‰ to –12.3‰ V-CDT) and increase with depth.Thus,the pyrite in the shallow sediments resulted from organoclastic sulfate reduction(OSR) and is influenced by AOM with depth.The relative high abundance and δ~(34) S values of pyrite in sediments at depths from 580 to 810 cmbsf indicate that this interval is the location of a paleo-sulfate methane transition zone(SMTZ).The sulfur isotopic composition of gypsum(from–25‰ to –20.7‰) is much lower than that of the seawater sulfate,indicating the existence of a 34 S-depletion source of sulfur species that most likely are products of the oxidation of pyrites formed in OSR.Pyrite oxidation is controlled by ambient electron acceptors such as MnO_2,iron(Ⅲ) and oxygen driven by the SMTZ location shift to great depths.The δ~(34) S values of gypsum at greater depth are lower than those of the associated pyrite,revealing downward diffusion of 34 S-depleted sulfate from the mixture of oxidation of pyrite derived by OSR and the seawater sulfate.These sulfates also lead to an increase of calcium ions from the dissolution of calcium carbonate mineral,which will be favor to the formation of gypsum.Overall,the mineralogy and sulfur isotopic composition of the pyrite and gypsum suggest variable redox conditions caused by reduced seepage intensities,and the pyrite and gypsum can be a recorder of the intensity evolution of methane seepage.  相似文献   

南海北部西沙海槽沉积物管状黄铁矿特征及其形成机理^*          下载免费PDF全文

石思思  吴朝东  梁金强  王熠哲  叶云涛  方允鑫  马健  翟俪娜 《古地理学报》2020,22(1):175-192

南海北部西沙海槽S1站位的岩心柱沉积物中广泛发育自生矿物黄铁矿,其形态以管状为主,且具有内部中空的圈层结构。使用扫描电镜、电子探针、LA-ICP-MS、SIMS等测试方法研究了管状黄铁矿的形态及圈层结构,结果显示: (1)管状黄铁矿发育内部中空的圈层结构,其中内圈层(I_py)由莓球状黄铁矿呈五角十二面体紧密堆积组成,外圈层(O_py)由晶形较好晶粒较大的八面体黄铁矿组成,并混有沉积碎屑及钙质生物壳体;(2)内圈层和外圈层分别呈现出贫S富Fe和富S贫Fe的特征,其成因是甲烷渗漏造成的局部还原环境使得As进入黄铁矿中导致晶格空缺或被扭曲,从而促进Ni、Co、Cu、Zn、Pb等微量元素的掺入;(3)内圈层、外圈层发生了明显的硫同位素分馏现象,内圈层中 δ³⁴S 平均为-37.8‰,外圈层中 δ³⁴S 平均为-29.3‰。研究认为,管状黄铁矿作为曾经甲烷渗漏的通道,其生长机制可分为3个阶段: (1)气水通道形成阶段: 向上运移的甲烷流体在沉积物孔隙中逐渐形成气水通道;(2)外圈层形成阶段: 当向上运移的甲烷与硫酸盐发生甲烷厌氧氧化时,逐渐形成晶体较大、晶形较好的八面体黄铁矿外圈层;(3)内圈层形成阶段: 随着甲烷浓度逐渐降低,在气水通道中的微生物作用下,剩余甲烷与向下运移的硫酸盐继续反应形成莓球状黄铁矿内圈层。因此,南海北部的泥岩中大量发育的管状黄铁矿常常与地层中甲烷水合物的存在有关。  相似文献   

内蒙古新地沟金矿床黄铁矿热电性特征及深部找矿意义          下载免费PDF全文

刘华南  刘家军  李小伟  刘冲昊  代鸿章  陶银龙  王建锋  杜映东  范云飞 《中国地质》2018,45(4):819-838

内蒙古新地沟金矿是中型绿岩型金矿床,但已属于严重资源危机的矿山,急待寻找接替资源,因此对新地沟金矿床进行深部远景预测具有十分重要的意义。本文根据找矿矿物学和成因矿物学理论,利用显微镜、电子探针及热电仪系统分析新地沟金矿床不同标高和矿段中黄铁矿的热电型标型特征,研究结果表明:新地沟金矿床中黄铁矿的晶型以立方体、五角十二面体及聚形为主;热电系数变化主要集中在-331.10~340.20μV·°C~(-1)范围内,导电型多以N型为主,约占总含量的80%;成矿温度主要集中于250~340℃,属于中温矿床。黄铁矿热电性参数XNP变化范围较大,估算矿体剥蚀率为67.96%~74.31%。通过对黄铁矿导型的空间分布规律和矿体剥蚀分析表明:油篓沟矿段位于矿体中底部,向深部可能有小规模延伸,小西沟矿段钻孔ZK106在深部有较大规模的延伸,其矿化前景最好;小西沟矿段钻孔ZK102深部矿化前景次之;大汗青矿段钻孔ZK_2802其深部矿化前景较差。综合分析认为,该矿床深部具有较好的找矿潜力。  相似文献   

利用电子探针研究甘肃陇南赵家庄金矿载金矿物特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

荆国强  廉康  胡菲菲  李磊  杜亚龙 《岩矿测试》2018,37(5):490-498

应用偏光显微镜与电子探针相结合的手段是研究载金矿物的主要方法。本文采用镜下鉴定和电子探针分析技术,对赵家庄金矿中载金矿物含量、形态特征及其与其他矿物的空间关系开展研究,并对载金矿物进行定性和定量分析,探寻具有找矿意义的载金矿物和总结标志矿物特征。结果表明:研究区金矿石中主要载金矿物为黄铁矿,少量为黄铜矿、闪锌矿,这些载金矿物中Au含量依次为:细晶黄铁矿粗晶黄铁矿草莓状黄铁矿黄铜矿。不同时期的黄铁矿(粗晶黄铁矿、细晶黄铁矿、草莓状黄铁矿)中Au的分布均匀,但存在差异性,主要表现为细晶黄铁矿和草莓状黄铁矿中的Au含量较高(平均含量0. 14%～0. 18%),这种现象表明此类矿物为构造热液期形成,金易富集。Au以两种形式存在,一种是"可见金"包裹于脉石矿物中,或以裂隙金的形式嵌布在矿物晶隙及裂隙中;另一种是"不可见金"以纳米级颗粒金的形式存在于载金矿物中,也是Au的主要存在形式。本研究为后期矿床的成因、成矿过程和成矿机理研究提供了佐证,同时易于根据含金矿物的特征选择合适的选冶方法。  相似文献   

赣南狮吼山硫铁-钨多金属矿床H-O-S同位素组成特征     

李伟  于长琦  曾载淋  刘翠辉  贺根文  陈伟  邬思涛 《岩矿测试》2018,37(6):713-720

狮吼山硫铁-钨多金属矿床位于银坑-青塘整装勘查区北部,是赣南地区唯一大型硫铁矿床。磁黄铁矿-黄铁矿(-黄铜矿-白钨矿)矿体赋存于石炭系梓山组上段地层中含铁、含钙层位,主要形成于石英-硫化物阶段。本文通过分析原生矿石矿物中H-O-S同位素组成特征,结合Pb同位素和成矿年代测试结果,探讨成矿流体来源及成矿演化过程。矿石硫化物中δ~(34)S组成特征(-5. 50‰～-0. 20‰,集中于-3. 0‰～0. 0‰)显示,硫源以岩浆硫为主,较宽的变化范围预示成矿流体遭受了叠加和改造作用。δD-δ~(18)O同位素组成主要集中于岩浆水与变质水重叠区域(δD=-74. 4‰～-48. 0‰,δ~(18)O_(H_2O)=3. 76‰～10. 86‰),说明成矿流体以岩浆水和变质水为主,后期有少量的天水混入。综合分析认为,该矿床成矿流体主要来自深部岩浆水,岩浆热液与含钙地层的接触交代作用形成大规模变质流体,再加上少量的天水混入,流体间的不混溶作用使成矿物质在岩体与含钙层位接触部位富集沉淀,形成热液充填交代型矿床。  相似文献   

陕西略阳张家山金矿成矿作用及Au-Se矿物形成物理化学条件研究     

谭毓雯  朱永峰  蒋久阳 《矿床地质》2018,37(4):729-750

陕西略阳煎茶岭金矿矿集区中的张家山金矿主要由破碎蚀变岩型、角砾岩型和含金石英黄铁矿脉型矿石组成。含金石英-黄铁矿脉型矿石产于断层下盘的石英菱镁岩中。黄铁矿发育富As黄铁矿边,环边受As含量的变化呈现一定的韵律变化,自然金赋存在富As黄铁矿中。在断裂发育形成断层角砾岩的过程中,流体充填破碎石英菱镁岩的裂隙中形成热液矿物,包括硫化物、硒化物以及自然金。石英菱镁岩发生破碎形成的网状裂隙被含金石英-方解石-黄铁矿脉充填。破碎蚀变岩型矿石中,自然金主要分布在含金石英-黄铁矿脉的石英之中或靠近热液脉的菱镁矿或石英间隙。随着大量方解石脉沿裂隙贯入,进一步促进石英菱镁岩的破碎及岩石角砾的分离,形成由石英菱镁岩碎屑、石英和褐铁矿组成的复成分角砾岩,自然金和硒化物呈浸染状分布在角砾岩中。笔者在角砾岩型矿石中发现了灰硒汞矿、直硒镍矿、硒铅矿等硒化物,这些硒化物往往与自然金密切共生。结合矿物组合以及相关化学反应关系,通过热力学计算,构建了该矿床在不同温度条件下的热力学相平衡关系图,限定了硒化物与其他相关矿物稳定存在的物理化学条件。硒化物一般与自然金和石英共生,高的f(Se2)值和f(Se2)/f(S2)比值是控制硒化物形成的关键因素。  相似文献