Biomarker hydrogen isotope composition (δD) as proxy for Holocene hydroclimatic change and seismic activity in SW Peloponnese,Greece          下载免费PDF全文

Elin Norström  Christos Katrantsiotis  Martin Finné  Jan Risberg  Rienk H. Smittenberg  Stefan Bjursäter 《第四纪科学杂志》2018,33(5):563-574

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Late Holocene changes in vegetation and atmospheric circulation at Lake Uddelermeer (The Netherlands) reconstructed using lipid biomarkers and compound‐specific δD analysis          下载免费PDF全文

《第四纪科学杂志》2018,33(1):100-111

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浙江南部近海沉积物柱状样中脂类生物标志物的组成及形态分布     

王江涛  杨庶  谭丽菊  胡佶 《海洋学报》2011,33(5):83-90

分析了浙江南部近海(东海陆架泥质区)沉积物柱状样中游离态和碱不稳定结合态脂类生物标志物的组成.沉积物中的脂肪酸呈现以C16脂肪酸为主峰的单峰形分布趋势,具明显偶碳优势,除表层沉积物中脂肪酸以游离态为主外,结合态为柱状样中脂肪酸的主要存在形态,脂肪酸的垂直分布主要由降解作用控制;以甾醇和脂肪醇为主体的醇酮组分主要以游离态...  相似文献   

Burial and degradation of organic carbon in Louisiana shelf/slope sediments     

Troy P. Sampere  Thomas S. Bianchi  Mead A. Allison  Brent A. McKee 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011

The primary focus of this paper is to better understand carbon burial on the Louisiana continental margin using spatial scales that covered various shelf depositional areas far-field and near-field (sediment and organic carbon inputs relative to river mouth proximity) and covering a variety of sedimentation rates. Box-cores samples were collected in July 2003; cores were collected along two depositional transects extending westward and southward from the Southwest Pass (SW Pass). A key difference between the two transects sampled in this study was the greater occurrence of mobile muds derived from spillover from shallower regions along the westward 50 m isobaths. The dominant mechanism for mixing in the surface active zone (SAZ) on the inner Louisiana shelf was due to physical, not biological, forces. Burial efficiencies for organic carbon (57.2–91.5%) and total nitrogen (44.2–86.9%) ranged widely across all shelf stations. Lower burial efficiencies for bulk organic carbon, total nitrogen, and pigment biomarkers were associated with mobile muds west of Southwest Pass. Chlorophyll a concentrations were significantly higher than pheopigments at depth at the Mississippi River and Southwest Pass stations, making up 40.4 and 77.4% of total pigment concentrations in the (SAZ) and 46.2 and 63.2% in the accumulation zone (AZ), respectively. These results are in agreement with earlier plant pigment studies which showed that a large fraction of the phytodetritus delivered to the inner shelf was derived from coastal and river diatoms. The amount of lignin preserved with depth decreased with increasing residence time in the SAZ and diagenetic zone (DZ) along the canyon transect but not along the western transect. Trends for lignin concentration followed previously identified surface sediment trends indicating overall lower burial of refractory terrestrial material at depth with greater distance offshore.  相似文献   

双壳类分子生物标志物对海水重金属的响应评述   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孟范平  高鹰  赵顺顺  付海防  肖静 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,41(5):100-109

海洋双壳类动物的组织和器官对微量重金属具有高富集能力,诱导机体内的某些分子生物标志物(molecular biomarkers,MBMs)发生变化,可用于指示海水中的重金属污染水平。近10年来,许多学者在双壳类MBMs对海水重金属的响应规律方面进行了研究,其中,金属硫蛋白(MTs)、热激蛋白70(HSP70)、抗氧化防御系统等受到了较多的关注。本文在介绍这些MBMs结构和功能的基础上,重点评述了各种MBMs对海水重金属的响应特征,并提出了影响双壳类MBMs应用于海水重金属监测的因素及进一步研究的方向。  相似文献   

Application of a Step-by-Step Fingerprinting Identification Method on a Spilled Oil Accident in the Bohai Sea Area     

SUN Peiyan  GAO Zhenhui  CAO Lixin  WANG Xinping  ZHOU Qing  ZHAO Yuhui  LI Guangmei 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2011,(1):35-41

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西南印度洋中脊热液区烃类有机质组成及其成因意义     

雷吉江  初凤友  于晓果  李小虎  陶春辉  葛倩 《地学前缘》2015,22(1):281-290

利用气相色谱(GC)、气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)测定了西南印度洋中脊49.6°E热液区热液产物中的可溶有机质,结合生物标志物和单体同位素分析,对烃类有机质的组成、来源及成因意义进行了探讨。硫化物烟囱体以正构烷烃(3.437~3.962μg/g)为主要烃类,L/H1,C22以上烷烃具有轻微奇碳数优势(CPI=1.140~1.209),NAR接近0;生物标志物类型丰富(Sq、IS40、烷基环己烷),C31藿烷22S/(R+S)高达0.77,且缺少17β(H),21β(H)构型藿烷;低碳数饱和脂肪酸为主要脂肪酸类型,异构/反异构脂肪酸含量显著,缺少单不饱和脂肪酸。热液蚀变岩以异构烷烃(2.094μg/g)为主要烃类,正构烷烃以低碳数(L/H=1.33)、偶碳优势(CPI=0.377)为特征;脂肪酸以单不饱和脂肪酸为主。结果表明,海洋原生生物体是49.6°E热液区主要的烃类有机质输入源,热液流体温度及化学条件是控制热液喷口区原生生物群落分布及热液产物中烃类有机质组成的主要因素。生物标志物类型显示硫化物烟囱体中具有产甲烷古菌与硫酸盐还原菌共存的现象,反映出热液流体中富含H2,表明49.6°E热液区具有非生物合成烃类的可能。  相似文献   

东营凹陷古近系升藿烷生物标志物参数分布及演变规律     

陈中红  查明  金强  任拥军 《沉积学报》2011,29(1):173-183

为研究实际地质体或地质剖面中的C31到C3517α(H), 21β(H)升藿烷生物标志物构型转化参数22S/(22S+22R)及升藿烷指数C35/∑（C31—C35)等的分布、演化特征,对东营凹陷主要烃源岩层系古近系沙河街组三段（淡水—微咸水层系）和沙河街组四段（咸水层系）的系列样品进行了研究,分析样品来源于1 300~4 000的暗色泥岩,其中2 800~4 000 m的样品对应于东营凹陷古近系烃源岩的生油初期到生油晚期。研究结果表明,C31、C32、C33、C34、C35升藿烷（17α(H), 21β(H)）构型转化参数的分布除与异构体之间的手性碳立体构型转化作用有关外,不同异构体之间降解或裂解速率和新生成速率的差异也是其主要控制因素,沉积环境（如高盐环境）也在一定程度上影响了其分布;从未熟—低熟状态到成熟状态,相关升藿烷构型转化参数22S/(22S+22R)总体均表现出随埋藏深度增大而加大的特点,并从离散状态聚集到热演化的平衡状态附近;在到达成熟状态后,相关升藿烷的构型转化参数22S/(22S+22R)从缓慢增大过渡到一个持续的热演化平衡状态,并且该构型转化参数的热演化平衡状态对应于生油门限附近;在高盐环境中除C33升藿烷保持不变的热演化平衡状态外,其它升藿烷均呈现不同幅度的逆转特征,表明高含量的盐类矿物对升藿烷成熟度参数亦具有抑制作用或迟缓效应;C31、C32、C33、C34、C3517α升藿烷之间的22S/(22S+22R)分布型式复杂多变,其中对于成熟源岩样品,C35升藿烷22S/(22S+22R)值变化强烈,表现出“翘尾”状的上升型特征和“坠尾”状的下降型特征,而对于低熟—未熟样品, C32升藿烷的22S/(22S+22R)显示相对高值,并且多数样品显示为C31C33C35的偶数碳优势的特征;研究显示C31到C33升藿烷的构型转化参数S/(S+R)热演化平衡值均为0.6,而C34 S/(S+R)及C35S/(S+R)热演化平衡值相对较高,沙三段、沙四段的C34 S/(S+R)及沙四段的C35S/(S+R)分别达到0.63、0.62、0.65;升藿烷指数C35/∑（C31—C35)受热演化影响也比较明显,在生油期间随着埋藏深度增加而减小,在高盐环境中表现出相对高值,研究表明该指数的变化与其22R异构体演化有关,并且参数C31/∑（C31—C35）、C32/∑（C31—C35）、C33/∑（C31—C35）、C34/∑（C31—C35）、C35/∑（C31—C35)演化特征截然不同。  相似文献   

Microbial biomass response to different quantities and sources of organic matter in Brazilian coastal sediments          下载免费PDF全文

Cintia O. Quintana  Paula C. de Moraes  Marcos Y. Yoshinaga  Stuart G. Wakeham  Paulo Y. G. Sumida 《Marine Ecology》2015,36(3):766-779

This study investigates the benthic microbial responses to organic matter (OM) variations in quantity and sources in two shallow water bays (Fortaleza and Ubatuba Bays) on the SE coast of Brazil on six occasions during the year. The pelagic and benthic compartments of the bays were evaluated by: (i) nutrients and chlorophyll a (Chl a) in the water column; (ii) quantity and sources of OM in the sediment (Chl a, total organic carbon and total nitrogen and lipid biomarker composition); and (iii) microbial biomass in sediments as an indicator of active benthic response. Although there were changes in water‐column nutrients during the year, Chl a was fairly constant, suggesting a regular supply of microalgae‐derived OM to the sea bottom. Based on the composition of lipid biomarkers in sediments, OM sources were classified as mostly marine and with high contributions of labile (microalgae‐derived) OM. Labile OM composition varied from diatoms in the summer to phytoflagellates in the winter and tended to accumulate in areas protected by physical disturbances in one of the bays. Microbial biomass followed this trend and was 160% higher in protected than in exposed areas. This study suggests that the coupling between labile OM and benthic microbial biomass occurs primarily in protected areas, irrespective of the time of the year. Since meio‐ and macrofaunal assemblages depend upon secondary microbial production within the sediments, this coupling may have an important role for the benthic food‐web.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地红河油田原油地球化学特征及油源分析     

马立元  尹航  陈纯芳  尹伟 《沉积学报》2015,33(2):416-425

通过对鄂尔多斯盆地红河油田中生界原油系统地采样和地球化学分析,研究了原油的族组成和生物标志化合物特征,在此基础上分析了油源。研究结果表明,红河油田中生界各油层组原油的地球化学特征相似,反映了这些油层组原油来自相同的油源。油源母质为混合型,水生生物和陆源高等植物对烃类生成均有贡献,且以陆源高等植物贡献较大。原油形成于还原-弱还原条件下的淡水或微咸水湖泊沉积环境。原油的成熟度一致,均为成熟原油。原油主要来源于该区延长组长7底部的油页岩。  相似文献