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排序方式: 共有640条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
层状岩体由于层理面或者结构面的存在,在力学上具有横观各向同性的特点,现有的各向同性蠕变模型难以全面反映横观各向同性岩体的蠕变力学特性。为构建能够反映横观各向同性岩体的三维蠕变模型,以能反映瞬时应变、减速蠕变和稳态蠕变特征的黏弹性Burgers模型为基础,基于常泊松比假定,在三维各向同性蠕变本构方程的基础上,按照算子替换的方法,将横观各向同性柔度矩阵代替各向同性柔度矩阵,并考虑了平行和垂直层理方向岩体蠕变力学行为的差异性,推导了横观各向同性岩体的三维蠕变本构方程。根据本构方程的特点,提出了根据平行和垂直方向岩体蠕变试验结果进行三维蠕变本构模型中蠕变参数的辨识方法。将提出的模型应用于三轴蠕变试验参数辨识,从而获得了一套完整的三维蠕变参数,并与试验结果进行对比分析,从而验证了所提模型与方法的合理性和有效性。进一步,指出了传统蠕变试验设计方案的局限性,给出了横观各向同性材料蠕变试验设计建议。研究成果为研究岩体三维蠕变机制提供了新思路,可对岩体蠕变试验设计提供相应的科研支撑。 相似文献
2.
为探讨冻融对寒区工程岩石剪切蠕变特性的影响,以吉林省辉白隧道花岗岩为研究对象,对经历不同冻融循环次数的试样开展细观特征分析和剪切蠕变试验。试验结果表明:(1)随着冻融次数的增加,试样裂隙、孔隙不断扩展,岩石表面损伤现象愈发明显;(2)试样主要以中小孔隙为主,孔隙度随着冻融次数的增加呈非线性增长趋势;(3)随着冻融循环次数增加,蠕变变形量和蠕变速率逐渐增大,而蠕变时长、破坏应力和长期强度均呈现明显降低趋势。根据试验结果,进行冻融岩石非定常蠕变参数的表达,提出了冻融岩石损伤黏性元件,构建了花岗岩冻融剪切蠕变本构模型。将蠕变试验曲线和理论模型拟合曲线进行对比,验证了模型的正确性和适用性。通过对蠕变参数进行敏感性分析,研究了其对花岗岩蠕变变形的影响,并给出了蠕变参数随冻融循环次数的变化规律。该研究结果对于寒区岩体工程长期稳定性评价具有指导意义。 相似文献
3.
This paper describes a robust and efficient methodology for predicting displacements, deformations, and stresses in geomaterials that are susceptible to creep. The methodology is based on two integration schemes, which consider substepping algorithms. The first scheme is used for integrating space-time relations in a global sense, whereas the second scheme is used for integrating stress-stain relations in a local sense. Different from previous studies, both integration schemes are easy to implement and general in the sense that they can be applied to any type of creep law. Through an in-house finite element simulator, several numerical tests are performed. They include triaxial and wellbore closure analyses considering soft soils and salt rocks. The results show that the combination of both schemes leads to stable and accurate solutions with reduced computational time. 相似文献
4.
Hanne Hendrickx Lars De Sloover Cornelis Stal Reynald Delaloye Jan Nyssen Amaury Frankl 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2020,45(14):3653-3669
Talus slopes are common places for debris storage in high-mountain environments and form an important step in the alpine sediment cascade. To understand slope instabilities and sediment transfers, detailed investigations of talus slope geomorphology are needed. Therefore, this study presents a detailed analysis of a talus slope on Col du Sanetsch (Swiss Alps), which is investigated at multiple time scales using high-resolution topographic (HRT) surveys and historical aerial photographs. HRT surveys were collected during three consecutive summers (2017–2019), using uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) measurements. To date, very few studies exist that use HRT methods on talus slopes, especially to the extent of our study area (2 km2). Data acquisition from ground control and in situ field observations is challenging on a talus slope due to the steep terrain (30–37°) and high surface roughness. This results in a poor spatial distribution of ground control points (GCPs), causing unwanted deformation of up to 2 m in the gathered UAV-derived HRT data. The co-alignment of UAV imagery from different survey dates improved this deformation significantly, as validated by the TLS data. Sediment transfer is dominated by small-scale but widespread snow push processes. Pre-existing debris flow channels are prone to erosion and redeposition of material within the channel. A debris flow event of high magnitude occurred in the summer of 2019, as a result of several convective thunderstorms. While low-magnitude (<5,000 m3) debris flow events are frequent throughout the historical record with a return period of 10–20 years, this 2019 event exceeded all historical debris flow events since 1946 in both extent and volume. Future climate predictions show an increase of such intense precipitation events in the region, potentially altering the frequency of debris flows in the study area and changing the dominant geomorphic process which are active on such talus slopes. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
5.
This paper presents a constitutive model for time‐dependent behaviour of granular material. The model consists of 2 parts representing the inviscid and viscous behaviour of granular materials. The inviscid part is a rate‐independent hypoplastic constitutive model. The viscous part is represented by a rheological model, which contains a high‐order term denoting the strain acceleration. The proposed model is validated by simulating some element tests on granular soils. Our model is able to model not only the non‐isotach behaviour but also the 3 creep stages, namely, primary, secondary, and tertiary creep, in a unified way. 相似文献
6.
7.
Rockfill is an important construction material for infrastructure engineering, such as dams, railways and airport foundations, which display a long-term post-construction settlement. However, the main mechanisms for rockfill creep and weathering influence still remain poorly understood. Particle mechanics method is used to understand the rockfill creep process under dry and wet conditions. Different bond-aging models and wetting models that represent different degradation and weakening mechanisms are compared, in order to clarify the principle and secondary mechanisms for rockfill creep and weathering influence. The results show that rockfill aggregate breakage in terms of angularity abrasion is the main source for rockfill creep under dry state. Wetting can induce additional strain mainly due to the reduction of contact friction coefficient, i.e. lubrication, and the bond strength reduction just plays a secondary role in producing additional strain. The earlier the wetting occurs during rockfill creep, the more rapidly the rockfill becomes stable. The wetting–drying cycles can induce strain evolution in a ‘stepped’ way, which is in agreement with experimental observation. The practical implications from the modeling and the outstanding issues in this study are also discussed. 相似文献
8.
大岗山坝区岩体现场剪切蠕变试验及参数反演 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
现场剪切蠕变试验是了解岩体剪切蠕变特性的最重要手段。针对大岗山水电站坝区"硬、脆、碎"辉绿岩脉进行了现场剪切蠕变试验,分析了岩体的剪切蠕变变形规律和剪切蠕变速率特性。试验结果表明,在剪应力较小时坝区岩体剪切蠕变仅呈现出减速蠕变和稳态蠕变2个阶段;当剪应力接近屈服强度时,坝区岩体剪切蠕变速率由渐变增长转为突变增长,岩体在短时间内即发生破坏,呈现出加速蠕变特性。恒定正应力下辉绿岩体的稳态流变速率与剪应力之间可用指数关系来表征。根据剪切蠕变试验曲线,进行了岩体剪切蠕变模型辨识。辨识表明,西原模型可以较好反映坝区辉绿岩脉的剪切蠕变特性。通过优化反演获得坝区岩体的剪切蠕变参数,为坝基边坡工程稳定性分析和设计提供了重要的力学依据。 相似文献
9.
In order to know about the rheological properties of rock in a long range of the time scale,method of increasing temperature was brought forward to accelerate the rheological process of rock,which could extend the time scale of experimental test data.Firstly,based on the generalized linear viscoelastic constitutive equation with temperature variable,the creep behavior of rock was divided into three types according to the different strain dependences of the time,that is,Hookean deformation,Newtonian flow,and retarded elasticity.Then the general equivalence relationship between time parameter and temperature parameter was derived for each type of strain.Finally,the relation between time parameter and temperature parameter in the whole creep was considered and the general theory of time-temperature equivalence effect(TTEE) of rock was established.This research reveals: ①The temperature effect on the instantaneous strain could be modified through vertical shift.②The key point of the TTEE of Newtonian flow depends on whether in the study of linear viscoelastic behavior of rock change of temperature is completely equivalent to a shift of the logarithmic time scale or not.③By plotting the results of a creep experiment performed at different temperatures and comparing the curves obtained,one can decide whether the rock considered have TTEE.④The TTEE of the whole creep should satisfy that the horizontal shift function of Newtonian flow and retarded elasticity is consentaneous. 相似文献
10.