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1.
孙玮泽  董军  崔玉萍  董飞 《岩土力学》2012,33(Z2):283-288
针对含初始缺陷的既有地铁隧道受邻近穿越隧道施工影响的首都地铁隧道工程背景,基于有限差分方法,通过对既有地铁车站结构受邻近隧道穿越后的抗震性能研究,揭示其抗震动力响应机理。结果表明,在邻近隧道穿越影响下,含初始缺陷的既有隧道各薄弱控制点在地震作用下位移和应力动力时程的波动趋势具有相似性,说明衬砌结构是整体运动的,其位移、应力较穿越前均有所增加,边墙和仰拱在穿越后抗震性能影响最大,剪切破坏主要以车站结构周边土体为主,新线穿越后其剪切破坏分布范围有所增大,应进行注浆加固处理,与自身结构刚度相匹配,提高抗震能力。  相似文献   
2.
基于相似变换的CT图像缺陷定位方法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为对CT图像中的缺陷进行简单有效定位,提出一种基于相似变换的缺陷定位新方法。在提出并证明相似变换性质的基础上用该法对验证CT图像进行缺陷定位,从定位结果的分析得出基于相似变换缺陷定位方法的有效性和准确性。从不同模板定位结果的比较得出人为构建模板的可行性。  相似文献   
3.
陈严飞  张娟  张宏  刘啸奔  李昕  周晶  曹静 《海洋工程》2015,29(2):241-252
A set of generalized solutions are proposed for estimating ultimate load capacity of pipeline with arbitrary corrosion shapes subjected to combined internal pressure, axial force and bending moment. Isotropic and anisotropic material characteristics in longitudinal and circumferential direction of pipeline are also considered in the proposed equations. Simplified numerical method is used to solve the generalized expressions. The comparisons of numerical results based generalized solutions and full-scale experimental results are carried out. The predicted results agree reasonably well with the experiment results. Meanwhile, the effects of corrosion shapes and locations on the ultimate load capacity are studied.  相似文献   
4.
Abstract: Natural sphalerite as a natural cost-effective photocatalyst was characterized and its visible light photocatalytic activity was investigated in terms of substituting ions, impurity phases and surface defects. The substitutions of metal ions for Zn2+ alter the band structure and result in the visible light response. The coexistence of impurity semiconductors and nanosized particles in natural sphalerite samples help to prolong the lifetime of electron-hole pairs. The cleavage planes and fracture surfaces improve the photocatalytic activity of natural sphalerite by providing more active sites than perfect faces. Both the negative charge defects from the non-isoelectronic substitutions and surface elements with variable chemical valence suppressed the recombination of electron-hole pairs by their possible role of capturing photogenerated holes.  相似文献   
5.
Knowledge of the defect properties of Lunar and Mercurian minerals has recently become important, with the advent of models which attempt to explain the formation of the thin exosphere of these celestial bodies. Here, we have calculated the formation energies of sodium and oxygen vacancies in the mineral albite (NaAlSi3O8), as well as the Schottky defect energy for the removal of a Na2O unit. We have employed both the supercell and Mott–Littleton approaches, using Kohn–Sham density functional theory and classical interatomic potential methods. As well as reporting the defect energies and structures, we comment upon the relative merits of the methods used.  相似文献   
6.
1 .Introduction Submarine pipelines are one of the safest and the least environmentally disruptive means for ma-rine gas or oil transport . With the development of exploitation of submarine oil or gas ,the safety ofsubmarine pipelines has becomethe major …  相似文献   
7.
The morphological and spectral-optical properties of diamond crystals from placers in North Timan rivers have been studied with IR-spectroscopy and cathode luminescence methods. As a result, correlation between external characteristics of diamonds (size and degree of mechanical damage) and number of optically active centers has been revealed. The habit and the type of distribution of structural defects in diamond crystals studied are comparable with those in diamonds from the Archangelsk Region and North Timan’s placers. Based on the obtained data, origin issues and possible primary sources of diamonds from North Timan’s placers are discussed.  相似文献   
8.
宋旼 《冰川冻土》2007,29(3):482-486
与绝大多数材料遵循基于位错攀移的指数蠕变机制不同,多晶冰遵循基于位错滑移的指数蠕变机制,这种机制引起了冰川学家极大的兴趣.以前人的研究为基础,综述了冰中质子无序及质子点缺陷的形成过程,质子点缺陷对位错滑移影响的微观机理,以及多晶冰蠕变的微观机制.研究表明:冰晶体中的氢原子(质子)无序使得位错在滑移过程中形成质子点缺陷(D、L、H3O 和OH-缺陷),从而降低了位错的滑移速率.质子点缺陷的形成需要氢原子(质子)跃迁,其激活能大于水分子自扩散所需的激活能.同时,多晶冰的蠕变激活能与质子跃迁的激活能相当,而大于水分子自扩散所需的激活能,因此多晶冰的蠕变控制机制是位错滑移,而不是位错攀移.  相似文献   
9.
Neutron irradiation and post-irradiation annealing under oxidising and reducing conditions have been used to investigate H incorporation in, and the optical properties of, reduced (TiO2−x ) rutile. Optical absorption in rutile is mainly due to a Ti3+ Ti4+ intervalence charge transfer effect. The main mechanism for H incorporation in rutile involves interstitial H not coupled to other defects, which has important implications for the rate of H diffusion, and possibly also on the electrical properties of rutile. Additional minor OH absorption bands in IR spectra indicate that a small amount of interstitial H is coupled to defects such as Ti3+ on the main octahedral site, and indicates that more than one H incorporation mechanism may operate. Concentration of oxygen vacancies has a controlling influence on the H affinity of rutile.  相似文献   
10.
钢筋混凝土管桩反射波法的三维有限元分析   总被引:5,自引:4,他引:5  
黄大治  陈龙珠 《岩土力学》2005,26(5):803-808
对桩-土系统用三维有限元模型和Wilson-θ直接积分法计算钢筋混凝土管桩顶面的瞬态动力响应,并由此分析了管桩顶面不同测点的反射波信号特征及其与桩身缺陷的对应规律。计算结果表明:管桩顶部波传播的三维效应对桩身浅部局部缺陷深度的判断有较大的影响,所得结论对由反射波法检测管桩全截面断裂和局部缺陷以及传感器的合理布置有较大的指导作用。  相似文献   
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