Exploring the stemflow dynamics and driving factors at both inter- and intra-event scales in a typical subtropical deciduous forest     

Haixia Zhang  Congsheng Fu  Aimin Liao  Can Zhang  Jiufu Liu  Niu Wang  Bin He 《水文研究》2021,35(3):e14091

Numerous efforts have been made to understand stemflow dynamics under different types of vegetation at the inter-event scale, but few studies have explored the stemflow characteristics and corresponding influencing factors at the intra-event scale. An in-depth investigation of the inter- and intra-event dynamics of stemflow is important for understanding the ecohydrological processes in forest ecosystems. In this study, stemflow volume (F_V), stemflow funnelling ratio (F_R), and stemflow ratio (F_%) from Quercus acutissima and Broussonetia papyrifera trees were measured at both inter- and intra-event scales in a subtropical deciduous forest, and the driving factors, including tree species and meteorological factors were further explored. Specifically, the F_V, F_R and F_% of Q. acutissima (52.3 L, 47.2, 9.6%) were lower than those of B. papyrifera (85.1 L, 91.2, 12.4%). The effect of tree species on F_V and F_% was more obvious under low intensity rainfall types. At the inter-event scale, F_V had a strong positive linear correlation with rainfall amount (G_P) and event duration (D_E) for both tree species, whereas F_R and F_% had a positive logarithmic correlation with G_P and D_E only under high-intensity, short-duration rainfall type. F_R and F_% were mainly affected by wind speed and the maximum 30-min rainfall intensity under low-intensity, long-duration rainfall type. At the intra-event scale, for both tree species, the mean lag time between the start of rainfall and stemflow was the shortest under high-intensity, short-duration rainfall type, while the mean duration and amount of stemflow after rain cessation were the greatest under high-amount, long-duration rainfall type. The relationship between stemflow intensity and rainfall intensity at the 5-min interval scale also depended greatly on rainfall type. These findings can help clarify stemflow dynamics and driving factors at both inter- and intra-event scales, and also provide abundant data and parameters for ecohydrological simulations in subtropical forests.  相似文献   

甘肃陇中黄土高原农业灌溉耗水系数监测试验研究     

凡炳文  仲复捷 《地下水》2020,(1):83-87,254

选择甘肃省临洮县洮惠渠灌区为试验研究区,通过直接观读、自动监测等技术手段,获取试验灌区的引水量、退水量、土壤墒情、降水量及蒸发量等水文基础数据。以水文监测基础数据为依据,采用引排差法、水分平衡法等相结合的方法,开展了农业灌溉耗水系数试验研究。初步试验结果表明:试验灌区灌溉期平均耗水系数为0. 730,典型地块灌溉期平均耗水系数为0. 671,2016年试验灌区降水量较常年偏少13. 0%~26. 3%,总体上属轻度干旱年份。该研究成果可为甘肃陇中黄土高原区水资源管理提供技术支撑。  相似文献   

太行山东麓汤西断裂南段活动特征分析     

戴骜鹏  刘明军  贺为民  孙译 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(6):571-576

采用槽探、年代样品测试、阶地调查和形变测量监测等方法，对太行山东麓汤西断裂南段进行研究，分析其活动特征。结果表明，汤西断裂发育于中更新世，历经多次活动，断裂并未上延到上更新统地层中，其南段的活动强度较高，最新活动年代为中更新世；汤西断裂西代村场地的垂直形变监测（1999~2014年）结果存在异常，综合监测点数据和区域新构造特征分析发现，该异常可能是研究区区域形变场的反映，并非由汤西断裂活动引起。  相似文献   

辽东岫岩地区下古生界碎屑锆石定年:罗迪尼亚和冈瓦纳超大陆在华北遗留的痕迹？     

董晓杰  陈煜嵩  刘正宏  徐仲元  沙茜 《岩石学报》2020,36(6):1857-1869

超大陆演化是地质研究的重要内容,华北克拉通与不同地质历史时期超大陆汇聚与裂解的联系对反演华北克拉通构造演化历史具有重要意义。本文在辽吉古元古代造山带中段的原划分为辽河群地层中首次识别出一套早古生代沉积建造。这套沉积建造与华北克拉通以浅海相的碳酸盐岩为主的早古生代沉积并不一致,以发育大量的陆源碎屑沉积为特征。我们对2件细砂岩分别进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS和SHRIMP U-Pb定年。定年结果显示,2件样品的最小年龄分别为～482Ma和～498Ma,反映了它们的最大沉积时代。2件样品的碎屑锆石年龄主要介于1600～500Ma,缺乏亲华北的物源信息,表明它们的物源主要来自于华北之外。2件样品年龄谱中最重要的峰值出现在格林威尔期和泛非期,表明华北克拉通曾与罗迪尼亚超大陆和冈瓦纳大陆存在联系。格林威尔期碎屑锆石可能来自于罗迪尼亚超大陆时期波罗地古陆物质在华北克拉通东缘的再循环;泛非期碎屑锆石可能来自于东冈瓦纳大陆的北缘造山带。  相似文献   

河北滦县－滦南县段滦河冲积平原水文地质特征分析     

杨庆洪  左文喆  祝彬 《地质与资源》2020,29(4):374

滦县－滦南县段滦河冲积平原铁矿群司家营铁矿区、马城铁矿区、坎上铁矿区、常裕铁矿、高官营铁矿总储量达几十亿吨，均覆盖有巨厚的第四系含水体，水文地质条件复杂，一直未能开采，成为“大水呆滞金属矿”，被视为开发过程中可能对区域水文地质环境造成较大影响的大水矿区，列为限制开采区，至本世纪初才相继解限投产.通过对司家营铁矿北区、司家营铁矿南区、马城铁矿区、坎上铁矿区、常裕铁矿、高官营铁矿等6处矿山的水文地质条件的分析，论述了滦县－滦南县段滦河冲积平原的水文地质特征.  相似文献   

Using Mesoproterozoic sedimentary geochemistry to reconstruct basin tectonic geography and link organic carbon productivity to nutrient flux from a Northern Australian large igneous Province     

Bo Yang  Alan S. Collins  Grant M. Cox  Amber J. M. Jarrett  Steven Denyszyn  Morgan L. Blades  Juraj Farkaš  Stijn Glorie 《Basin Research》2020,32(6):1734-1750

The Beetaloo Sub-basin, northern Australia, is considered the main depocentre of the 1,000-km scale Mesoproterozoic Wilton package of the greater McArthur Basin – the host to one of the oldest hydrocarbon global resources. The ca. 1.40–1.31 Ga upper Roper Group and the latest Mesoproterozoic to early Neoproterozoic unnamed group of the Beetaloo Sub-basin, together, record ca. 500 million years of depositional history within the North Australia Craton. Whole-rock shale Sm–Nd and Pb isotope data from these sediments reveal sedimentary provenance and their evolution from ca. 1.35 to 0.85 Ga. Furthermore, these data, together with shale major/trace elements data from this study and pyrolysis data from previous publications, are used to develop a dynamic tectonic geography model that links the organic carbon production and burial to an enhanced weathering of nutrients from a large igneous province. The ca. 1.35–1.31 Ga Kyalla Formation of the upper Roper Group is composed of isotopically evolved sedimentary detritus that passes up, into more isotopically juvenile Pb values towards the top of the formation. The increase in juvenile compositions coincides with elevated total organic carbon (TOC) contents of these sediments. The coherently enriched juvenile compositions and TOC the upper portions of the Kyalla Formation are interpreted to reflect an increase in nutrient supply associated with the weathering of basaltic sources (e.g. phosphorous). Possible, relatively juvenile, basaltic sources include the Wankanki Supersuite in the western Musgraves and the Derim Derim–Galiwinku large igneous province (LIP). The transition into juvenile, basaltic sources directly before a supersequence-bounding unconformity is here interpreted to reflect uplift and erosion of the Derim Derim–Galiwinku LIP, rather than an influx of southern Musgrave sources. A new baddeleyite crystallisation age of 1,312.9 ± 0.7 Ma provides both a tight constraint on the age of this LIP, along with its associated magmatic uplift, as well as providing a minimum age constraint for Roper Group deposition. The unconformably overlying lower and upper Jamison sandstones are at least 300 million years younger than the Kyalla Formation and were sourced from the Musgrave Province. An up-section increase in isotopically juvenile compositions seen in these rocks is interpreted to document the progressive exhumation of the western Musgrave Province. The overlying Hayfield mudstone received detritus from both the Musgrave and Arunta regions, and its isotopic geochemistry reveals affinities with other early Neoproterozoic basins (e.g. Amadeus, Victoria and Officer basins), indicating the potential for inter-basin correlations.  相似文献   

关于山东省地热尾水回灌试验的应用研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

崔圆圆 《山东国土资源》2019,35(7)

为解决地热水开采利用过程中造成诸如水位下降、热流体排放引起的热污染和化学污染等问题,通过开展地热尾水回灌试验研究,认为在开采深层的地下热水资源的同时,必须进行人工的回灌补源,山东省通过在德州、东营、济南等地开展地热尾水回灌试验工作,效果显著。  相似文献   

山东蒙山与四川海螺沟冰川擦痕特征对比及成因分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王照波  王江月 《山东国土资源》2019,35(6)

冰川擦痕在冰川遗迹的判断中具有极为重要的意义,其中以槽谷岩壁擦痕与冰碛砾石擦痕最为明显。槽谷岩壁擦痕具有细长密集、近似平行的特征;冰碛砾石擦痕具有短粗稀疏、方向杂乱的特征。除此之外,还有弧形擦痕、逆冲擦痕、新月形凿口、新月形裂纹、新月形裂口、颤痕等刻蚀遗迹的配套产出。经对比分析,蒙山发育的擦痕与四川海螺沟现代冰川谷内的擦痕具有完全的一致性,因此进一步确定了蒙山擦痕的冰川成因。  相似文献   

滕州荆泉水源地岩溶塌陷特征与成因分析          下载免费PDF全文

贾继成  孟宪洲  白平 《山东国土资源》2018,34(6)

自2015年6月以来,在山东滕州荆泉水源地范围内连续发生多起岩溶塌陷。通过研究区域地质条件,在已有认识的基础上分析得出发育的浅层开口岩溶洞隙的存在,一定厚度的松散覆盖层及地下水位大幅下降是该区产生岩溶塌陷的基本条件。阐述了岩溶塌陷形成发育过程及影响因素,得出长期过量抽采岩溶水是区内岩溶塌陷的主要因素,合理减少地下水开采量是预防岩溶塌陷最有效的方法。  相似文献   

鲁西地区矽卡岩型铜金矿He—Ar同位素测定及其地质意义——以沂南地区铜井式铜金矿为例          下载免费PDF全文

祝德成  田瑞聪  田京祥  于学峰  杨振毅  杨仕鹏 《山东国土资源》2018,34(8)

铜井式铜金矿(包括铜井铜金矿、金场铜金矿)是鲁西地区发现和开采最早、矿化最普遍的矽卡岩型铜金矿。该文通过矿床的He-Ar同位素测试分析,并结合前人的H,O,S,C稳定同位素分析和年代学测试结果,对铜井式铜金矿成因及成矿机制进行探讨。研究认为,铜井式金矿主要形成于燕山晚期(128~121Ma),黄铁矿中流体包裹体的~(3 )He/~(4 )He值为0.112 9~0.120 9R/Ra,高于地壳物质值,低于典型地幔物质值;~(40 )Ar/~(36 )Ar=364.1~458.0,高于大气值,低于地幔值,成矿流体中存在来源于地壳的放射成因Ar;~(4 )He/~(40 )Ar=1.16~3.433,平均2.296 5,略高于地幔值(1.36~2.23),低于典型地壳值(6.4),表明成矿流体中存在地幔He,Ar;同时有地壳He,Ar加入。综上认为,矿床成矿物质和流体具有深源特征,应来自地幔或下地壳,金成矿主要是与燕山晚期浅成—超浅成中酸性侵入岩有关,这些侵入体在侵位过程中与古生代碳酸盐岩地层发生接触交代作用,形成矽卡岩型铜金矿床。  相似文献