晚第四纪MIS6以来柴达木盆地成盐作用对冰期气候的响应   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈安东  郑绵平  宋高  王学锋  李洪普  韩光  袁文虎 《地质论评》2020,66(3):611-624

气候是控制柴达木盆地盐类沉积的主要因素之一,但是其作用机制尚待明确。作者以柴达木盆地察汗斯拉图盐湖的3个含盐剖面为研究对象,采用多接收电感耦合等离子质谱(MC-ICP-MS)铀系测年测定其沉积时代,并通过X射线粉晶衍射(XRD)分析测定其盐类矿物种类。铀系测年显示D18剖面石盐和芒硝层的沉积时代为13.1±2.0 ka BP～15.9±2.5 ka BP,其中芒硝沉积年代属于末次冰期MIS2晚期;MXK2剖面芒硝层的沉积时代分别为131.7±39.5 ka BP和158.3±10.8 ka BP,D12剖面芒硝层的沉积时代分别为166.6±20.2 ka BP和198.0±20.6 ka BP,可以对应于倒数第二次冰期MIS6。XRD分析确定了3个剖面的盐类矿物主要为芒硝、石盐和石膏。综合多个盐湖晚第四纪成盐数据,本文认为倒数第二次冰期MIS6和末次冰期MIS2是柴达木盆地晚第四纪重要的成盐期,冰期的冷干气候有利于石盐和芒硝等盐类沉积。柴达木盆地"冰期成盐"的根本原因,是由于冰期环境下盆地周边山体冰川规模的扩张以及干冷的冰期气候,共同造成了盐湖补给水量的减少。此外,晚第四纪MIS6和MIS2的冰期降温也是导致盆地中冷相盐类沉积的直接原因。  相似文献   

Occurrence and conceptual sedimentary model of Cambrian gypsum-bearing evaporites in the Sichuan Basin,SW China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hong Liu  Xiucheng Tan  Yonghao Li  Jian Cao  Bin Luo 《地学前缘(英文版)》2018,9(4):1179-1191

During the Cambrian, gypsum-bearing evaporites formed in the Sichuan Basin, SW China. These rocks are important for oil and gas sealing, but details of their distribution and origin are not well established. This study examines the regional distribution and origin of the gypsum-bearing evaporites using a comprehensive analysis of drilling data from 34 wells, 5 measured cross-sections in the basin and surrounding area, and 96 maps of area-survey data. Results show that in the stratigraphic succession, the gypsum-bearing evaporites occur mainly in the Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation, the Middle Cambrian Douposi Formation, and the Middle-Upper Cambrian Xixiangchi Group. Geographically, the rocks are found mainly in the southeastern part of the basin, and the distribution of deposits shows an overall SW-NE trend. The sedimentary environments for evaporite formation were evaporative lagoon and inter-platform basin in a platform setting. Gypsum was generated by the underwater concentration of sea water in a strongly evaporative environment. Both an evaporative restricted platform and a mixeddeposition restricted platform model appear to be applicable to the development of gypsum in the Sichuan Basin. The gypsum-bearing evaporites with the best sealing capacity are located mostly in the southeastern part of the basin. These constraints can be applied directly to regional exploration, and have implications for the regional paleogeography and paleoclimate.  相似文献   

Meteoric diagenesis and dedolomite fabrics in precursor primary dolomicrite in a mixed carbonate–evaporite system     

《Sedimentology》2018,65(6):1827-1858

Dedolomitization is a common diagenetic process in shallow burial environments and is often associated with sulphates in mixed carbonate‐evaporite successions. In these settings, elevated Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺ ratios necessary for dedolomitization result from the dissolution of sulphate phases by the incursion of undersaturated groundwater. Reported dedolomite textures from other studies are varied, but the most prevalent is a rhombic texture interpreted to result from the partial to complete pseudomorphic replacement of secondary dolomite rhombs formed in the burial diagenetic realm. In this study of primary cryptocrystalline to finely crystalline dolomicrites in the Prairie Evaporite Formation of north‐eastern Alberta, dedolomitization has resulted in sutured to loosely packed mosaics of dedolomite that range from subhedral to distinctly euhedral (rhombic) crystal fabrics; however, no prior aggrading neomorphism producing dolomite rhombs is evident in the precursor dolomicrites. Non‐pseudomorphic dedolomitization of the dolomicrites results in textures that include rhombic dedolomite crystals with cloudy cores comprising remnant dolomicrite and clear rims. These textures are similar to those observed in the pseudomorphic dedolomitization of secondary dolomite rhombs. The Prairie Evaporite Formation of north‐eastern Alberta has experienced extensive karstification near the erosional margin of the sedimentary succession. Dedolomitization of dolomicrites occurs in marker beds within the Prairie Evaporite succession associated with evaporite karstification. Along with stratigraphic and petrographic considerations, stable isotope results support the interpretation of a shallow dedolomitization event influenced by meteoric waters derived from the basin margin. Negative δ ¹⁸O and low δ ¹³C values (averages of −13·6‰_VPDB and 0·5‰_VPDB, respectively) of the dedolomite, compared with those of the primary dolomicrite (averages of −6·0‰_VPDB and 1·2‰_VPDB, respectively), point to isotopically light diagenetic fluids. These results show that rhombic dedolomite textures can form through shallow, non‐pseudomorphic dedolomitization of dolomicrites by meteoric fluids in the presence of sulphates, with resulting textures that are similar to the pseudomorphic dedolomitization of secondary dolomite rhombs.  相似文献   

四川盆地东部地区早中三叠世蒸发岩的锶同位素特征及其地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

丁婷  袁苗  刘成林  赵艳军  朱志军  杨庆坤 《岩石矿物学杂志》2023,42(6):868-877

锶同位素已经成为全球海平面变化、造山运动、古气候和古环境等全球地质事件研究与对比的有效工具之一。本文以四川盆地东部地区早中三叠世蒸发岩的野外剖面和钻孔岩心为主要研究对象,测试了碳酸盐岩、硫酸盐岩和石盐岩的锶同位素组成,并建立了相应的锶同位素演化曲线。研究结果显示,碳酸盐岩的⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr值平均为0.707 895,硬石膏岩的⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr值平均为0.708 174,石盐岩的⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr值平均为0.708 177,同时碳酸盐岩的⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr值从早三叠世的0.707 413快速增加到中三叠世早期的0.708 515,而后呈现下降趋势。从总体上看,这些⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr值与全球早中三叠世同期的⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr值数据接近,说明四川盆地东部地区早中三叠世钾盐的物质来源大部分为海水,并沉积于海相沉积环境,同时由于火山...  相似文献   

大汶口盆地漕河崖矿段岩盐矿地质特征及岩相分布规律     

朱猛 《山东地质》2014,(11):24-27

通过对漕河崖矿段进行勘探工作,发现该区岩盐矿层赋存较多,矿层厚度在0．40～14．72 m,NaCl 平均品位86．39％,属厚度较稳定,品位均匀矿层;岩盐矿层不仅局限在 F2,F3,F43个断层的切割范围内,在 F3断层北部尚有岩盐层赋存。  相似文献   

四川盆地三叠系蒸发岩的变质作用与富钾卤水的成因   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

李亚文  蔡克勤 《现代地质》1998,12(2):222-228

在四川盆地三叠系蒸发岩建造中已发现钾盐镁矾、无水钾镁矾、软钾镁矾、杂卤石、钾石膏、多钙钾石膏、钙芒硝等矿物,并在多处发现富钾卤水。已有的资料表明,这些矿物组合是已沉积的固体钾盐层在成岩期水溶变质作用过程中形成的变质矿物组合。在此过程中大量的钾质转入水溶液,形成了富钾卤水。这种富钾卤水是可综合利用的ＫＣｌ、ＮａＣｌ和Ｌｉ、Ｓｒ、Ｃｓ、Ｒｂ、Ｂ、Ｂｒ、Ｉ的优质盐化工业原料卤水。  相似文献   

The influence of the Sabatayn Evaporites on the hydrocarbon prospectivity of the Eastern Shabwa Basin, Onshore Yemen     

T. Richard Seaborne 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》1996,13(8):963-972

The Shabwa Basin is the northeastern extension of the Marib-Al Jawf-Shabwa system of Mesozoic grabens, located onshore in the Republic of Yemen. An evaporitic sequence with an estimated maximum depositional thickness of 300 metres was deposited during the Tithonian. It is designated the Sabatayn Formation and exerts significant control on most of the play elements in the principal hydrocarbon play systems anticipated in the northeastern part of the basin. Migration of hydrocarbons from pre-salt source rocks into intra-and post-salt reservoirs is restricted by the evaporites. Localised heat flow perturbations introduced by the salt, increase the maturity of post-salt source rocks. Post and intra-salt reservoirs are structured by listric faulting on a salt detachment, salt pillowing due to post-depositional loading, by local salt dissolution and by late folding due to gravity sliding of the post-salt section on a salt detachment. Early dissolution and reprecipitation of salt is responsible for occlusion of porosity in intra-salt clastic reservoirs.  相似文献   

蒸发岩中硫同位素的地球化学特征及其沉积学意义——以思茅盆地MZK- 3井为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

苗忠英  郑绵平  张雪飞  张震  高运志 《地质学报》2019,93(5):1166-1179

思茅盆地目前是中国唯一的含古代固体钾盐矿床的沉积盆地,其钾盐形成时代、物源特征、海侵方向等多年来一直存在争议。本文依据海相硬石膏的形成条件、存在形式、同位素分馏机理,重点分析了盆地内MZK-3井蒸发岩硫同位素的地球化学特征。结果表明:①岩盐中的硬石膏在蒸发盆地析岩盐阶段即可形成,单独成层的硬石膏是由原始沉积的石膏经历了沉积埋藏升温进而脱水而成;②岩盐中硬石膏的硫同位素值具有"双峰"特征,分别为14‰～16‰和8‰～10‰或6‰～8‰,这体现了硫酸盐的双重来源——原始海水中的硫酸盐和陆源淡水输入的硫酸盐或火山活动提供的硫源;③硬石膏层的硫同位素在区域上具有对比性,结合~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr值的特征,认为其代表了海相的沉积环境;④硬石膏层的硫同位素值平面上由南向北降低,可能反映了在此方向陆源淡水或火山活动对蒸发岩盆地的影响逐渐增强,进而说明这可能也是海侵的方向。可见对硬石膏硫同位素的研究,不仅在沉积学上能揭示物源、沉积环境、海侵方向等信息,更能对研究区钾盐矿床勘查提供有益的参考。  相似文献   

Geochemistry of waters and brines from the Salinas Grandes basin,Córdoba,Argentina. I. Geomorphology and hydrochemical characteristics     

R. M. Dargám 《International Journal of Salt Lake Research》1994,3(2):137-158

This paper reports on hydrochemical features of diluted waters in the source areas and the brine end-members dominant in the playa of the Salinas Grandes Basin, Córdoba, Argentina. Special emphasis was placed on the study of the relationship between geomorphology and the resulting hydrochemical fractionation. Inflow is from springs and mountain streams which disappear before reaching the saline complex. The playa and intermittent saline lakes are mainly fed by groundwater flow and a few moderately saline and perennial springs. Conversely, ephemeral lakes are fed by atmospheric precipitation and groundwater, whereas small ponds are only fed by atmospheric precipitation. The absence of a clear linkage between geomorphological units and water types was evident in the source areas. Up to four types of water were recognized in a given geomorphological unit. From the sandflat downward towards the playa, the correspondence between geomorphological units and water types was clear, coinciding with a decreased hydrochemical heterogeneity. In this subenvironment, I have recognized two dominant types of water (SO ₄ ^2– –Cl^––HCO ₃ ^– –Na⁺ and Cl^––SO ₄ ^2– –HCO ₃ ^– –Na⁺), which can be considered the original members of the neutral brine in the playa (Cl^––SO ₄ ^2– –Na⁺ where Ca²⁺+Mg²⁺ do not surpass 5 meq per cent), and an intermediate type in the mudflat (Cl^––SO ₄ ^2– –Na⁺ where the contribution of Ca²⁺+Mg²⁺ reaches up to 15 meq per cent). It seems evident that in the zone between the source areas and the sandflat, hydrochemistry is governed by chemical weathering. In stream floodplains and in the distal alluvial plain, close to the saline complex, the increase in water types as well as the increase of HCO ₃ ^– with respect to SO ₄ ^2– , were explained by the mixture of aquifers controlled by the Salinas Grandes-Salinas de Ambargasta fracture. In the saline complex, the more concentrated end-members are the result of evaporation of the two more frequent water-types in the sandflat subenvironment, and salt dissolution of ancient evaporite deposit.  相似文献   

Organic matter of the Mulhouse Basin, France: a synthesis     

P. Hofmann  A.Y. Huc  B. Carpentier  P. Schaeffer  P. Albrecht  B. Kelly  J.R. Maxwell  J.S.Sinninghe Damst  J.W. de Leeuw  D. Leythaeuser 《Organic Geochemistry》1993,20(8)

The lower Oligocene evaporite sequence of the Mulhouse Basin (France) contains organic matter-rich marl deposits. These marls display an overall cyclic variation of sedimentation rate, organic carbon content, hydrogen index and selected molecular parameters over a 30 m thick stratigraphic interval. The integration of all sedimentological and geochemical parameters has allowed the reconstruction and characterization of the paleoenvironment of deposition. The marls were deposited in a perennial lake that was at times connected to the sea. Two organic facies end members could be assigned to a lake stage with a marine connection and a lake stage that received dominantly continental water input. The overall stratigraphic variation in the organic matter content is interpreted to reflect the adaptation of the Oligocene flora to the changing paleoclimate and environmental conditions.  相似文献