脐带缆螺旋滑移分析及力学性能研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李英  吴潘  冯雅萍  曹静萱 《海洋工程》2018,36(6):58-68

针对脐带缆内部螺旋层,应用Darboux标架建立螺旋结构空间坐标系,推导弯曲载荷下螺旋结构的局部变形和滑移。考虑螺旋构件间的接触和摩擦作用,建立螺旋结构的受力平衡偏微分方程,并研究螺旋角和摩擦系数对螺旋结构滑移的影响。基于同层螺旋结构本构关系相同假设,将所有螺旋结构力学性能线性叠加,拟合脐带缆整体弯曲刚度。运用建立的理论解析方法,对某双层铠装脐带缆的力学性能进行研究,并与数值模拟结果进行对比验证。对比结果表明,理论解析得到的螺旋滑移结果与数值模拟结果一致,理论解析得到的脐带缆弯曲刚度与数值模拟结果在全滑动阶段比较接近。  相似文献   

Dynamic loading tests and seismic response analysis of a stud-type damper composed of multiple friction units with disc springs     

Takeshi Sano  Kazutaka Shirai  Yasumasa Suzui  Yoshikazu Utsumi 《地震工程与结构动力学》2020,49(13):1259-1280

This paper presents an experimental study on the performance of a shear-sliding stud-type damper composed of multiple friction units with high-tension bolts and disc springs. A numerical evaluation of the response reduction effects achieved by the stud-type damper is also presented. In dynamic loading tests, the behavior of stud-type multiunit friction damper specimens was investigated. Three different full-scale damper specimens, which were composed of five, six, or seven friction units with two or four sliding surfaces, were incorporated into loading devices for testing. The stud-type friction dampers demonstrated stable rigid-plastic hysteresis loops without any remarkable decrease in the sliding force even when subjected to repetitive loading, in addition to showing no unstable behavior such as lateral buckling. The damper produced a total sliding force approximately proportional to the number of sliding surfaces and friction units. The total sliding force of the stud-type damper can thus be estimated by summing the contributions of each friction unit. In an earthquake response simulation, the control effects achieved by stud-type dampers incorporated into an analytical high-rise building model under various input waves, including long-period, long-duration and pulse-like ground motions, were evaluated. A satisfactory response reduction was obtained by installing the developed stud-type dampers into the main frame without negatively impacting usability and convenience in terms of building planning.  相似文献   

Self-centering friction spring dampers for seismic resilience     

Wei Wang  Cheng Fang  Yashuo Zhao  Richard Sause  Shuling Hu  James Ricles 《地震工程与结构动力学》2019,48(9):1045-1065

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Laboratory investigations of the role of biofilms on stream-bed surfaces in debris-flow runout     

Yong-Jun Tang  Ze-Min Xu  Zhen-Chen Shao  Zhe Ren  Kun Wang  Kui Yang  Jun-Yao Luo  Hai-Yan Gao  Lin Tian 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2020,45(4):999-1012

Debris-flow runout is a fascinating process to understand due to its implications for downstream alluvial fans. Based on the propagation-deposition behaviors of the Dongyuege (DYG) debris flow, in Yunnan, the effect of biofilms on channel surfaces on debris-flow runout is investigated in laboratory flumes with two different internal surfaces: surfaces are lined with granite slabs (Model I) and gravel (Model II), respectively. Our results show that biofilms can significantly reduce frictional resistance to flows. They increase flow velocities, slow down the deceleration of the snouts, prolong runout distances, and subsequently extend the areas covered with resulting deposits, thus greatly assisting the propagation of experimental debris flows. Slippery biofilms consisting mainly of diatoms and their extracellular mucus (ECM) reduce the contact friction between the flume-beds and the overlying fluids, and greatly promote the propagation of tested flows. Well-developed biofilms are found on the underwater channel surfaces of the DYG Creek. Acting as lubricating layers, they likely played a key role in the DYG debris-flow runout. Most of the debris transported during the DYG event was deposited on overbanks, and the sediment that caused the disaster was transported to the populated fan region through the stream-bed clad in the thick biofilms. Owing to their impacts on the development and width of the temporary debris dam breach, the stream-bed covered with biofilms became a direct contributor to the debris-flow hazard. Because of the ubiquitous presence of biofilms on mountain stream-bed surfaces, the development of perennial streamflows can be viewed as an indicator of gully susceptibility to debris flows threatening creek fans. The underwater areas of pre-event channel cross-sections should be regarded as slip or low-friction boundaries, and the parts above stream-levels can be viewed as no-slip boundaries. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A novel bidirectional pendulum tuned mass damper using variable homogeneous friction to achieve amplitude-independent control     

Emiliano Matta 《地震工程与结构动力学》2019,48(6):653-677

Passive tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are widely used in controlling structural vibrations. Although their principle is well established, the search for improved arrangements is still under way. This effort has recently produced an innovative paradigm of bidirectional pendulum TMD (BTMD) that, moving along a specially designed three-dimensional (3D) surface, can simultaneously control two in-plane orthogonal structural modes. In existing versions of BTMDs, energy dissipation is provided either by ordinary horizontal viscous dampers or by an original arrangement of vertical friction dampers. In this paper, a new paradigm is proposed, in which energy dissipation comes from the tangential friction arising along the pendulum surface out of an optimal spatially variable friction coefficient pattern. Within this paradigm, if the friction coefficient is taken proportional to the modulus of the pendulum surface gradient, the dissipation model results nonlinear homogeneous in the small-displacement domain, and the performance of the absorber, herein called the homogeneous tangential friction BTMD (HT-BTMD), results independent from the excitation level. The present work introduces this concept, derives the analytical model of the HT-BTMD, establishes a method for its optimal design, and numerically verifies its seismic effectiveness in comparison with viscously damped devices. The validity and feasibility of the concept are demonstrated through experimental tests on a small-scale lab prototype, which also show the efficacy of a stepwise approximation of the homogeneous friction pattern. The new device proves a competing alternative to existing BTMDs, and homogeneous tangential friction proves a promising new paradigm to provide pendular systems with amplitude-independent structural damping.  相似文献   

冻融循环下含节理类岩石试样剪切破坏特性     

徐新木  张耀平  付玉华  雷大星  邹雄刚 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2021,51(2):483-494

为探究冻融循环对节理岩石抗剪力学特性的影响,针对冻融循环前后不同连通率节理岩石试样进行剪切特性试验,探究了节理试样的剪切破坏机制,对比分析了冻融前后节理试样抗剪强度的衰减趋势,分析了黏聚力及内摩擦角随岩石试样剪切破坏面分形维数的变化规律。结果表明：随冻融循环次数的增加,节理试样剪切应力-位移曲线发生显著变化,峰值剪应力出现明显下降,黏聚力及内摩擦角对比冻融前试样出现明显劣化,并且随节理试样连通率的增加,劣化程度加剧;在节理连通率相同时,随冻融循环次数的增加,剪切破坏面的分形维数呈现近指数函数递增的趋势,随分形维数的增加,节理试样的黏聚力损伤因子、内摩擦损伤因子也呈现指数函数增加的趋势;在冻融循环次数相同时,内摩擦角损伤因子随节理连通率的增大呈先减小后增大的趋势,而黏聚力损伤因子在冻融循环次数为30次前后分别呈递增和先减后增的趋势。  相似文献   

活动断裂带岩石的变形机制和摩擦性质—以圣·安德列斯断层为例     

金田龙  王勤 《江苏地质》2021,45(4):375-383

岩石的变形机制和力学性质对认识活动断裂带的孕震机制和发震过程都具有重要意义。圣·安德列斯（San Andreas）转换断层是太平洋板块与北美板块的构造边界,也是重要的地震活动带,总结了美国南加州地震中心对圣·安德列斯断层钻孔断层岩的研究进展。对断层泥的高速摩擦实验发现：动力弱化现象只在高速滑移时才发生,伴随着摩擦生热,岩石的摩擦系数显著降低。断层泥中富镁黏土矿物的富集可以显著降低断层的摩擦系数,促进蠕滑,黏土矿物的不均一分布可导致断裂带变形行为和地震分布的突变。与断层泥和碎裂岩不同,粉碎岩形成于快速传播地震的断裂端部,具高孔隙率和高渗透率,流体活动性强。此外,断层岩的有机质成熟度可用来追溯古地震造成的热异常。在川滇中国地震科学实验场开展科学钻探项目,研究断层岩样品的显微结构、物理性质和变形历史,以期为理解大陆汇聚与转换挤压过程中复杂的地震活动提供重要信息。  相似文献   

基于Geddes公式计算新型带肋预应力管桩的沉降     

熊厚仁  牛志荣  蒋元海  吴祥松  杨建永 《岩土力学》2011,32(12):3630-3636

在Geddes应力公式的基础上,对新型带肋预应力管桩的环状凸肋产生的影响做了假设:环状凸肋的受力可等效为对其下部土的挤密作用,即产生附加应力;为了方便计算,把该种附加应力简化沿环状凸肋两倍下部长度矩形分布的桩侧摩阻力,并推导出了适合新型带肋预应力管桩单桩沉降的计算公式;然后用Matlab软件进行编程计算。计算结果与现场试验结果相近,可做为工程估算。  相似文献   

剪切速率对凝聚力和摩擦角的影响规律     

刘子诏 《地质灾害与环境保护》2011,22(2):116-120

为提高生产速度,指导生产,以饱和细粒土为实验材料,研究剪切速率的变化对样品凝聚力和摩擦角的影响.  相似文献   

Effects of backfill on seismic behavior of rectangular tanks     

Ramazan Livaoglu  Tufan Cakir 《Ocean Engineering》2011,38(10):1161-1173

The reliability and/or stability of the lifeline structures against failure under seismic loads are of critical concern, and must be studied carefully. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to demonstrate the commonly encountered backfill effects on the dynamic response of rectangular tanks. However, only the exterior wall of the tank which interacts with both the backfill and fluid is tackled, as each part of the structure shows considerable differences in terms of both the load bearing mechanisms and the geometrical and positional differences. Finite element analyses are employed, taking into consideration the fluid-wall-backfill interaction. The analyses are conducted to observe whether or not both backfill and wall behavior can be affected by variation of the internal friction angle. For that purpose, some comparisons are made on vertical displacements of the backfill, roof displacements, stress responses, etc., by means of internal friction angle variations of the backfill from 25° to 40°. Consequently, it is observed that the variations on maximum vertical displacements are affected considerably. In contrast, the maximum stress responses are affected partially. However, the inertial effects of the backfill show that pseudo-static approximations may be insufficient to understand the dynamic behavior of the backfill-wall-fluid system.  相似文献