马尔科夫链分析在东海陆架盆地花港组沉积微相分析中的应用     

胡求红  张昌民  侯国伟  朱锐  陈哲 《地质与资源》2020,29(1):7-20

通过对东海陆架盆地某凹陷取心井岩心仔细观察和描述，采用双属性划分标准，在研究区花港组岩心中识别出了28种岩石相类型.其中砾岩相5种，砂岩相15种，细粒岩相8种.针对22口取心井岩心详细划分沉积微相和岩石相，共取得2227个岩石相数据.针对研究区发育的湖泊、三角洲、河流3种沉积体系，运用马尔科夫链分析不同沉积微相类型中岩石相沉积序列模式，建立了不同沉积微相类型可能的岩石相组合规律及岩石相定量组合概率，为后期研究相同或相似类型的沉积相提供地质知识库，并为沉积相的识别提供定量的基础.  相似文献   

Relationship Between Electrical Properties and Sedimentary Environment of the Longmaxi Formation Shale, Southern Sichuan     

YANG Kai  ZHANG Bing  WANG Xuben  HE Lanfang  YANG Hongyu  WANG Pengwan  TANG Jialin  DENG Jixin  ZHANG Cong 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(5):1531-1546

The Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the south of Sichuan is a key player in the exploration and development of shale gas in China. Due to a highly complex topographic area, electromagnetic methods (EM) become important exploration means in this area. Many studies have been conducted on the shale mineral composition and electrical properties of shale, however, the correlation between sedimentary environments and the electrical properties of shale remain poorly understood. The electrical properties and sedimentary environment of the organic-rich shale of the Longmaxi Formation have been studied by means of X-ray diffraction, organic geochemistry, scanning electron microscopy and complex resistivity measurements. The discovered high quartz content of the Longmaxi Formation shale results in low resistivity. Deep-water shelf biogenic quartz contributes lower resistivity more than that of shallow-water terrigenous quartz. The deep-water anoxic and organic sedimentary environment led to major enrichment of pyrite, leading to a high polarization effect in shale. We present the correlation between the lithofacies types and electrical properties of Longmaxi Formation. The mixed siliceous shale lithofacies is the most favorable among the three lithofacies, which is characterized by high total organic carbon (TOC) content, high brittleness mineral content, high polarization and low resistivity (“three high and one low”). This feature is an effective identification of shale gas reservoirs by electromagnetic prospecting. Our study can provide constraints on electrical parameters of rocks for electromagnetic “sweet spot” exploration of shale gas, and so this has important geological significance to shale gas exploration and development.  相似文献   

页岩岩相分类表征及对建产区产能的影响     

欧成华  梁成钢  罗利  杨晓  李丹  李兆亮 《沉积学报》2021,39(2):269-280

单井产气能力差异大,导致持续稳产困难是页岩气建产区面临的关键难题。围绕页岩气建产区特点,建立了考虑建产区产气能力影响的优质海相页岩岩相分类表征技术流程。首先,分析了建产区优质页岩产气能力差异主控因素,制定了建产区优质页岩岩相分类方案;然后,建立了TOC含量,孔隙度,泥质、硅质、钙质矿物含量等关键参数测井计算模型,结合页岩成因类型,完成了建产区单井参数计算及岩相识别,在实例页岩气建产区识别出10类页岩岩相,揭示了页岩岩相类型与产气能力差异间的对应关系;最后,采用沉积微相约束岩相的策略,运用截断高斯模拟算法建立起实例页岩气建产区岩相三维模型,展示了每类岩相的空间分布特征,揭示了区内五峰组—龙马溪组海相黑色页岩内部产气能力差异特征,与此同时,按照满足在三维空间中所占体积比例大、产气能力大的条件,确定区内产气能力最优的岩相类型为:富碳高孔含钙泥质硅质页岩、富碳富孔混合页岩和高碳中—高孔含钙含泥硅质页岩。上述成果有利于解释建产区不同空间位置产气能力存在较大差异的本质原因,为页岩气建产区精细化生产管理提供技术支撑。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组四段构造- 岩相古地理新认识及勘探意义     

于洲  王维斌  魏柳斌  李辉  吴东旭  乔占峰  吴兴宁  鲁慧丽  刘雨昕  胡文中 《地质学报》2023,97(8):2645-2658

米探1井取得天然气勘探突破表明鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组四段具有巨大勘探潜力,然而,对盆地奥陶纪马四期古构造格局和岩相古地理研究还存在争议,制约了下步天然气勘探进程。为此,基于地震、野外露头、钻井、岩芯、微观薄片和测井等基础资料,对马家沟组四段构造- 岩相古地理开展了系统研究,确定了盆地奥陶纪马四期古构造格局,并恢复出马家沟组四段岩相古地理,预测了有利勘探区。研究结果表明：① 鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶纪马四期发育“两陆三隆四坳”的古构造格局,其中两陆为伊盟古陆和阿拉善古陆,三隆分别为中央古隆起、中条古隆起和神木- 志丹低隆起,四坳为西南边缘坳陷、桃利庙坳陷、府谷坳陷和柳林坳陷;② 马四期为碳酸盐岩内缓坡和中缓坡沉积,其中内缓坡又发育白云岩坪、含云膏坪、微生物丘、灰泥丘、砂屑滩、丘滩间海和灰质潟湖等7类微相;③ 古构造格局控制马家沟组四段沉积分异,微生物丘、灰泥丘和砂屑滩等3类有利储集相主要沿中央古隆起和神木- 志丹低隆起等古地貌高部位分布。因此认为,神木—靖边地区是有利储层发育区,且处于岩性相变带,生储盖配置关系好,具有良好的成藏条件,是天然气勘探的有利靶向区。  相似文献   

藏南地区晚白垩世岩相古地理初步研究     

熊国庆  江新胜  伍皓 《古地理学报》2011,13(4):387-396

通过对藏南地区上白垩统沉积特征及沉积相进行综合分析,初步地恢复了该地区晚白垩世岩相古地理.该地区自南向北沉积水体逐步变深,沉积相带展布依次为滨海相、浅海陆棚相(外陆棚和内陆棚亚相)、大陆斜坡相及深海盆地相,局部地区浅海陆棚相之上发育碳酸盐岩礁滩相和孤立台地相等.盆地性质总体上仍然为被动大陆边缘海盆,但已具备周缘前陆盆地...  相似文献   

山东省招远市玲珑地区九曲金矿区采空区深部预测——构造蚀变岩相地质测量与深部找矿     

武际春  吕古贤  任宏 《地质通报》2011,30(4):579-587

利用采空区的生产资料,开展矿化蚀变带剖面实测,建立石英脉和蚀变岩2种类型金矿的构造蚀变分带关系,形成野外可观察的矿化蚀变图例。通过地表结合井下构造蚀变岩填图,把找矿标志从矿脉和近矿蚀变岩扩大为全部蚀变岩石乃至弱钾化花岗岩,使找矿预测目标从1~2m扩大到几十米至几百米,扩大了几倍甚至几十倍。用构造蚀变岩相地质测量与深部找矿方法,在山东九曲地区采空区之下预测获得了验证。  相似文献   

湖北省二叠纪梁山组沉积期岩相古地理特征与成煤规律     

张汉金  徐立中  余正清  颜代蓉 《中国煤炭地质》2011,(8):18-21,27

湖北省二叠纪梁山组沉积期是一次重要的成煤时期,由于煤层的不稳定性,其煤层层数、厚度、煤质等存在明显差异。通过岩性、煤层及古生物的研究对比,查明梁山组自下而上共含煤4层,煤层的形成与沉积特征受岩相古地理环境制约。就整个华南沉积盆地而言,从湖北到湖南,岩相古地理沉积模式为北高南低的古陆-潟湖-障壁岛-广海的沉积格局,湖北境内主要为古陆和海湾潟湖,位于湘鄂交界的江南古陆实为障壁岛,跨过障壁岛,便进入华南广海。湖北沉积区相单元主要为潟湖和潮坪,其中潮坪沼泽亚相为煤层形成的最佳环境,巴东麻沙煤田、松宜煤田和蒲圻煤田皆为该环境的沉积产物,其煤层的沉积特征与海侵机制和滞留时间密切相关。  相似文献   

阿尔及利亚韦德迈阿次盆地438B区块泥盆纪层序-岩相古地理特征     

潘杨辉  郑荣才  胡诚  赵灿 《地球科学与环境学报》2011,(3):268-274

泥盆系是富含油气的阿尔及利亚韦德迈阿次盆地西北部438B区块重要的含油层位之一,可划分出2个三级层序,仅下部的SQ1层序保存较完整;泥盆系属于快速海侵缓慢海退的沉积旋回,由海侵、早期高位和晚期高位3个体系域叠加组成。在SQ1层序中相当体系域级别的地层单元在区域上具有良好的等时性,仅在研究区东、南部外侧构造隆起区明显变薄或局部缺失海侵体系域地层。各体系域中,早期高位体系域的障壁砂坝在纵向上具有更好的可比性,反映该体系域障壁砂坝砂体的发育层位和沉积厚度更稳定,砂体连通性和储集性更好,但上部的SQ2为仅保存部分海侵体系域沉积记录的残余层序。选择SQ1层序各体系域为等时地层单元编制层序-岩相古地理图,编图结果表明:438B区块泥盆纪具备向南东方向弧突的,由浅海陆棚、障壁岛、潟湖、潮坪组成的海湾地貌和分带性沉积格局;在各体系域继承性发展演化的分带性沉积格局中,以早期高位系域中的障壁砂坝和冲溢扇为最有利储层发育的层位、相带和部位。  相似文献   

The paleobiogeographical significance of the Silurian and Devonian trilobites of Japan     

Christopher P. Stocker  Derek J. Siveter  Philip D. Lane  Mark Williams  Tatsuo Oji  Simon R. Wallis  Gengo Tanaka  Toshifumi Komatsu  David J. Siveter  Thijs R. A. Vandenbroucke 《Island Arc》2019,28(2)

Six major groups of trilobites from the Silurian and Devonian of Japan are evaluated for their paleobiogeographical signature. Silurian illaenids and scutelluids show four generic‐level and at least two species‐level links with the Australian segment of the Gondwana paleocontinent; encrinurids also indicate two generic‐level links with Australia and also the South China paleocontinent; whilst Devonian phacopids, and possibly proetids, suggest at least two generic‐level links with the North China paleocontinent. These different patterns may reflect the fragmentary biostratigraphical record of Japanese trilobites, but they also appear to reflect paleoenvironmental parameters associated with lithofacies, and paleoecology. Thus, Japanese assemblages of proetids and phacopids occurring in deep‐water clastic lithofacies have counterparts in similar settings in North China, and Japanese scutelluids and illaenids are strongly associated with shallow marine carbonate lithofacies that are similar to those of their occurrences in Australia. Japanese encrinurids occur in carbonate rocks indicative of shallow marine settings in the Kurosegawa Terrane, and they demonstrate a consistent paleobiogeographical affinity with Australia and South China. Larval ecology cannot be directly assessed for Japanese trilobite groups. However, proetids have consistently been shown to have planktonic protaspides, whereas illaenids, scutelluids, and encrinurids have benthic protaspides. Planktonic protaspides would have a greater propensity for distribution in ocean currents than benthic ones, and therefore may be of more limited paleobiogeographical utility. The combined data from the six different groups indicates that the complex paleobiogeographical patterns of the Japanese trilobite assemblages need to be interpreted with caution, and similarity of taxa does not necessarily denote paleogeographical proximity to other regions.  相似文献   

Postglacial stratigraphic evolution of a current-influenced sandy shelf: offshore Kujukuri strandplain,central Japan     

Naohisa Nishida  Taku Ajioka  Ken Ikehara  Rei Nakashima  Hajime Katayama  Tomoyuki Sato  Seishiro Furuyama  Toru Tamura 《Sedimentology》2020,67(1):559-575

Sandy shelf sediments are important elements of clastic sedimentary systems because of their wide distribution in the geological record and their significance as hydrocarbon reservoirs. Although many studies have investigated shelf sediments influenced by waves or tidal currents, little is known about shelf sediments influenced by oceanic currents, particularly their lithofacies characteristics and stratigraphic evolution. This study investigated the stratigraphic evolution of shelf sediments off the Kujukuri strandplain facing the Pacific Ocean, which is influenced by the strong Kuroshio Current. Sediment cores were obtained from six locations on the Kujukuri shelf (34 to 124 m water depth) using a vibrocorer. The dominant lithofacies is mud-free sand with low-angle cross-lamination associated with alternating beds of finer and coarser sand with cross-lamination. These display depositional processes influenced by storm waves and the Kuroshio Current, respectively. This finding is consistent with the previously presented modern and historical observations of the Kuroshio Current and estimates of the storm-wave base. Radiocarbon dates show that the sediment succession formed during the last transgressive and highstand stages after 13·1 ka. The depositional processes during the stages represent a transition from storm waves with abundant sediment supply to both storm waves and the Kuroshio Current with sediment starvation mainly due to its trapping in the strandplain. Comparison to other Holocene–Modern shelf systems suggests that the sandy shelf successions are strongly influenced by oceanic currents under conditions of limited riverine input and open coastal geometry. The resultant sand-dominated succession is characterized by reversal of the proximal to distal grain-size trend compared to the fining for most other recognized wave/storm-dominated shelf successions. This is because of seaward increase in the influence of the Kuroshio Current. Thus, shelf deposits are naturally complex, and these may be further complicated by the additional influence of oceanic currents above the usual wave-dominated and tide-dominated end members.  相似文献