南海西北部夏冬季浮游介形类的分布及其影响因素     

廖彤晨  尹健强  李开枝  谭烨辉 《热带海洋学报》2020,39(2):77-87

海洋浮游介形类(Ostracods)是一类分布较广的小型甲壳动物, 在海洋碳循环中起重要作用。目前国内海洋浮游动物采样常使用505μm网目孔径的浮游生物网, 从而导致个体较小的介形类被忽略。文章根据2006年7—8月(夏季)和2006年12月—2007年1月(冬季)在南海西北部海域分别使用网目孔径为505μm和160μm浮游生物网采集的样品, 比较不同网目所获浮游介形类种类和丰度的差异, 分析介形类种类和丰度的分布特征, 探讨环境因素对其时空分布的影响。160μm网目采集的浮游介形类种类和丰度均高于505μm。基于160μm网目数据分析浮游介形类群落结构: 1) 鉴定浮游介形类32种, 其种数由近岸向外海递增, 等深线100m以浅海域的种数显著高于100m以深海域(p<0.01); 2) 夏季浮游介形类的丰度高于冬季, 夏季丰度高值区主要出现在雷州半岛东部和琼东近岸, 显著高于外海(p<0.05), 冬季介形类丰度分布较为均匀; 3) 优势种针刺真浮萤(Euconchoecia aculeata)是近岸高丰度的主要贡献种; 4) 介形类种数与温度和水深呈显著正相关, 丰度与叶绿素a浓度呈正相关, 而与温度和盐度呈负相关。夏季琼东沿岸上升流和粤西沿岸流有助于浮游介形类在雷州半岛和海南岛东部近岸海域形成较高的丰度, 最高达1252个·m^-3。同时, 建议今后研究浮游介形类采用网目孔径小的浮游生物网进行采集以便全面评估其群落结构特征。  相似文献   

Poynting and polarization vectors based wavefield decomposition and their application on elastic reverse time migration in 2D transversely isotropic media     

Yongming Lu  Qiancheng Liu  Jianfeng Zhang  Kai Yang  Hui Sun 《Geophysical Prospecting》2019,67(5):1296-1311

With the progress in computational power and seismic acquisition, elastic reverse time migration is becoming increasingly feasible and helpful in characterizing the physical properties of subsurface structures. To achieve high-resolution seismic imaging using elastic reverse time migration, it is necessary to separate the compressional (P-wave) and shear (S-wave) waves for both isotropic and anisotropic media. In elastic isotropic media, the conventional method for wave-mode separation is to use the divergence and curl operators. However, in anisotropic media, the polarization direction of P waves is not exactly parallel to the direction of wave propagation. Also, the polarization direction of S-waves is not totally perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. For this reason, the conventional divergence and curl operators show poor performance in anisotropic media. Moreover, conventional methods only perform well in the space domain of regular grids, and they are not suitable for elastic numerical simulation algorithms based on non-regular grids. Besides, these methods distort the original wavefield by taking spatial derivatives. In this case, a new anisotropic wave-mode separation scheme is developed using Poynting vectors. This scheme can be performed in the angle domain by constructing the relationship between group and polarization angles of different wave modes. Also, it is performed pointwise, independent of adjacent space points, suitable for parallel computing. Moreover, there is no need to correct the changes in phase and amplitude caused by the derivative operators. By using this scheme, the anisotropic elastic reverse time migration is more efficiently performed on the unstructured mesh. The effectiveness of our scheme is verified by several numerical examples.  相似文献   

城市场景结构感知的网格模型简化算法     

张春森  张会  郭丙轩  彭哲 《测绘学报》2020,49(3):334-342

针对二次误差测度(QEM)网格简化算法全局几何特征信息损失严重的缺点,提出一种具有结构感知功能面向城市三维模型重建的网格简化算法。该算法顾及城市影像中平面结构特征,以代理平面为全局特征约束条件,使模型在简化过程中全局结构特征更多地被保持,以利于多层次细节模型(LOD技术)、网格优化提速等模型后续操作。以倾斜摄影获取影像生成的初始三角网格模型为试验数据,采用所给算法对其进行网格简化并与QEM算法进行对比。结果表明:所给算法简化精度及简化效率均优于QEM算法。  相似文献   

利用“L-R”剖分及三角形聚合的近似等面积菱形格网建模     

苑争一  赵学胜  赵静 《测绘通报》2018,(1):107-111

球面菱形格网因其几何结构简单、方向一致、径向对称等特性,在空间操作和数据集成方面有着广泛的应用。本文基于“纬线环法”构建了球面四元三角剖分模型,分析了该方法带来的格网单元面积变形及其位置分布,发现该模型的三角单元面积变形具有“锯齿状”分布特征,即相邻的上下两个格网单元总是一大一小交替分布,而且变形方向一致。据此通过合并上下两个相邻三角形格网单元,构建了一种近似等面积的菱形剖分模型。结果表明,相比较于其他球面菱形格网生成方法,该方法计算简单、格网单元方向一致（长轴沿南北向分布）;同时,格网单元的面积变形更小、分布更加均匀。  相似文献   

车载激光扫描数据分类支持下的路面数据提取   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴学群  宁津生  杨芳 《测绘通报》2018,(2):107-110,135

车载激光扫描系统可以快速采集道路及两旁的建筑物、植被、电杆等地物的点云数据,而点云数据的分类提取是车载激光扫描系统应用的关键。本文选用全景激光移动测量系统获取的激光点云数据,分析了路面点云数据的特征,采用渐进格网法进行了路面点云数据的提取研究;通过试验区的实例验证,取得了较好的分类效果。  相似文献   

高陡岩石边坡软体护坡技术设计及施工实践          下载免费PDF全文

孙小杰  张辉  杜炤伟 《探矿工程》2018,45(4):78-81

为了消除济南市燕翅山北侧采矿遗留的高陡岩石边坡的地质灾害隐患,恢复自然植被,通过施工砼基座、施工砼格构梁、砌筑软体生态袋和挂网喷播等多种技术方法进行了综合治理,消除了滑坡和崩塌等地质灾害隐患,整个坡面植被覆盖率超过99%,消除了视觉污染,恢复了当地生态环境,该工程成功的设计及施工实践对类似高陡岩石边坡有很好的指导和借鉴作用。  相似文献   

利用球体剖分瓦块构建真三维数字地球平台     

王金鑫  郑亚圣  李耀辉  禄丰年  刘俊楠 《测绘学报》2015,44(6):694-701

全球离散网格是面向空间大数据的模型框架,常用于构建数字地球平台。基于球体的剖分瓦块不仅可以构建真三维的数字地球模型,而且可以实现天地一体化的空间数据集成、融合、表达和应用。本文详细论述了球体大圆弧QTM八叉树网格的剖分原理、网格几何特征分析和编解码方法等理论体系,并利用剖分瓦块实现了球体的任意分割以及地下、地表和空中实体的可视化建模。研究表明,球体QTM网格具有剖分规则简单、体系规整、几何特征明晰,适用性强等特点,尤其是可以推广到椭球。因而,该方案可用于天地一体化的空间数据的组织、管理与应用。  相似文献   

An adaptive finite element model for wellbore breakout simulation     

Diogo L. Cecílio  Philippe R. B. Devloo  Sônia M. Gomes  Erick S.R. Santos 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2019,43(4):814-828

A finite element formulation is proposed and implemented for analysing the stability of excavated wells using the DiMaggio-Sandler constitutive elastoplastic model with a typical carbonate reservoir configuration. The quality of the finite element approximation is ensured by applying smooth curved elements adapted to the wellbore geometry, and h − p adaptive finite element meshes in the plastic zone. General purpose procedures are defined to transfer the elastoplastic deformation history to newly created integration points. A breakout damage criterion is proposed based on the second invariant of the deviatoric plastic deformation tensor. This damage criterion is used to apply a mesh movement algorithm to represent material collapse. The automatic successive application of the breakout damage criterion results in elliptical realistically looking geometries obtained in experiments reported in the literature.  相似文献   

Energy balance and evaporation loss of an irrigation reservoir equipped with a suspended cover in a semiarid climate (south‐eastern Spain)     

B. Gallego‐Elvira  A. Baille  B. Martin‐Gorriz  J. F. Maestre‐Valero  V. Martínez‐Alvarez 《水文研究》2011,25(11):1694-1703

The main objective of this study was to assess the impact of a suspended cover on the evaporation loss of an agricultural water reservoir (AWR). To this aim, a detailed data collection was carried out in a typical AWR located in south‐eastern Spain during 2 consecutive years. During the first year, the reservoir remained uncovered, while during the second year it was covered with a double black polyethylene (PE) shade cloth. On an annual scale, it was observed that the cover can provide a reduction of evaporation loss of 85%. Two approaches, energy balance and mass transfer, were used to analyse the effect of the cover on the evaporation process. Important modifications were observed on the magnitude, sign, annual trend and relative weight of the components of the energy balance. The changes were ascribed to the strong reduction of net radiation and to the substantial weight of the heat storage and sensible heat flux in the energy balance. A relevant finding was the contrast between the patterns of the annual evaporation curve for open‐water and covered conditions. The mass transfer approach allowed discriminating between the wind‐ and radiation‐shelter effects on the evaporation term. The reduction in water‐to‐air vapour deficit was the main factor explaining the high efficiency of the cover, whereas the reduction of the mass transfer coefficient was a modulating factor that accounted for the wind‐shelter effect. Overall, both approaches provided a sound basis to describe and explain the physical mechanisms underlying the high performance of the tested cover. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

低速冲击下高强钢绞线网-高性能砂浆加固钢筋混凝土梁试验研究     

张伟  ;廖维张  ;田志敏 《地震学刊》2014,(3):359-364

研究了高强钢绞线网-高性能砂浆加固钢筋混凝土梁的抗低速冲击性能,利用落锤冲击试验法对4根简支钢筋混凝土梁进行对比试验研究,其中1根为普通梁,3根为加固梁,通过分析加固前后梁的破坏形态,结合挠度变化、钢筋的应变以及加速度的时程曲线,对比得到了钢筋混凝土梁加固后的抗冲击性能。研究结果表明：加固后钢筋混凝土梁的抗冲击能力显著提高,钢绞线和砂浆作为外加层,不仅增加了梁的抗弯剪能力和刚度,提高了结构的耗能能力,而且限制了裂缝的发展,使梁的整体性和延性更好;在相同冲击作用下,钢绞线直径的增加能适当提高结构的抗冲击性能。  相似文献